SOLUBLE SILICATES SUCH AS A PROMISING BASIS FOR OBTAINING HYBRID NANOCOMPOSIITE MATERIALS
Figovski O.L.1, KudryavtsevP.G.2
1 Academician (EAS, REA, RAASN), Nanotech Industries, Inc., Daly City, CA, USA
2Professor, Scientific Counsel of INRC Polymate, MigdalHa'Emeq, Israel
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In this paper, we consider the properties of water-soluble high-modulus silicate systems: based on alkali metal polysilicates known as liquid glasses and chains of transformations from lower to higher oligomers, followed by the formation of colloidal solutions - silica sols. Methods of preparation, properties and applications of water-soluble high-modulus silicate systems were analyzed.
Hybrid materials are materials obtained due to the interaction of different chemical components. They often are organic and inorganic substances, forming a certain spatial structure, which is different from the structures of the initial reagents. In this case, it often inherits the certain motives and functions of the original structures. In such materials, one can also observe the mutual phase inversion of nanoscale, binder and filler.
Examples of such compounds are the various polysilicates. Synthesis and Application of polysilicates as a binder will fill the existing gap in the series of alkali silicate binders. They thus represented by three groups, decreasing alkalinity: soluble (liquid) glasses, polysilicates, and silica sols.Relatively new area of science of water-soluble silicates, which found currently considerable practical output amounted silicates of organic bases.
It was shown that the use of soluble silicates as binder and modifying additives for various nanostructured composite materials.Examples of promising areas of application of liquid glass and high modulus of aqueous solutions of silicates in construction and industry are presented. In particular show the possibility of using liquid glass and aqueous solutions of silicates in the production of nanostructured silicate polymer concrete.
In rocket and space technology for the manufacture of water destroyed mandrels used in the manufacture pressure vessels of composite materials by winding method. It discussed the use of the sols to obtain inorganic nanocomposites ceramics and monolithic blocks of silicon oxide, which can be used in various fields of modern technology. Were shown the possibility of using silica sol as a binder for the ultra-lightweight refractory thermal protection materials used to protect equipment from high temperature impacts.
Directions of development of production of new materials and acid-resistant linings, chemical protection equipment, parts and components operating in corrosive environments have been proposed.