Chapter One- Chemical Foundations
Key Concepts:
-Scientific Method -Significant Figures (with calculations)
-Scientific Models -Dimensional Analysis
-Units of Measurements -Temperature Conversions
-Uncertainty -Density
-Precision and Accuracy -Classification of Matter
1. Describe the steps in the scientific method.
2. What is the difference between a theory and a law?
3. Units of Measurement
Convert the following:
a. 35 ml = dL f. 4500 mg = g
b. 950 g = kg g. 25 cm = mm
c. 275 mm = cm h. 0.005 kg = dag
d. 1000 L = kL i. 0.075 m = cm
e. 1000 ml = L j. 15 g = mg
4. What is the difference between a certain and an uncertain digit in a measurement?
5. Precision and Accuracy
a. What is the difference between precision and accuracy?
b. A student determines the density of a silver coin to be 10.3 g/cm3. The correct value should be 10.5 g/cm3. Calculate the percent error for this density value.
6. Significant Figures
-How many significant figures are there in each of the following measurements?
a. 3.58 g d. 0.0004898 mm
b. 14.809 cm e. 3000 cm
c. 107.334 km
-Express the answer to each of the following calculations with the correct number of significant figures.
a. 82.5 cm + 13.56 cm = d. 54.00g - 30.2020 g =
b. 16.8892 km + 3.5 km = e. 1.45050 kg - 0.00667 kg =
c. 45.456 g + 3.56 g =
-Express the answer to each of the following calculations with the correct number of significant figures.
a. 8.4 cm x 3.58 cm = d. 0.005600 mm2 0.200 mm =
b. 1.075 m X 2.0 m = e. 3.4500 cm2 450 cm =
c. 3.0899 mm x 22.4 mm =
7. Dimensional Analysis
a. Convert 65 inches to cm d. 1 cm3 = ml = L
b. Convert 8 miles to km e. 1000 cm3 = L
c. Convert 70 mph to km/hr
8. Temperature Conversions
-Convert the following temperatures into Kelvins
a. 75 C
b. 110 F
-Convert the following temperatures into Celsius
a. 58 K
b. 110 F
-Convert the following temperatures into Fahrenheit
a. 75 C
b. 58 K
9. Density Problems:
a. An object has a mass of 6.0 g and a volume of 0.3 ml. What is its density?
b. An object has a density of 6 g/cm3 and a mass of 18 g. What is the volume?
c. A substance with a density of 25 g/L has a volume of 5.0 L. What is the mass of this object?
10. Create a concept map using the following words: Matter, Mixture, Substance, Homogeneous mixture, heterogeneous mixture, element, compound
11. Name 5 methods of separating a mixture.
12. Extra: Measurement questions
a. What is the difference between a qualitative and a quantitative measurement?
b. What is the difference between mass and weight?
c. What is the SI system in measurement?
d. What are units used to measure:
-mass
-volume
-length