Table S1. Multiplicative effects on total costs of surviving patients only (n=1485).

Parameter / ME / CI 95 / P-value
K.pneumoniaeESBL-negative / 1.00 / Reference
K.pneumoniaeESBL-positive / 2.06 / 1.48-2.86 / <0.001
E. coliESBL-positive / 1.11 / 0.89-1.4 / 0.352
E. coliESBL-negative / 0.92 / 0.78-1.07 / 0.277
Male / 1.22 / 1.09-1.36 / <0.001
Age > 65 years / 0.72 / 0.64-0.8 / <0.001
ICU stay / 2.16 / 1.93-2.42 / <0.001
Heart disease / 1.76 / 1.49-2.07 / <0.001
Cerebrovascular disease / 1.50 / 1.28-1.76 / <0.001
Lung disease / 1.26 / 1.06-1.48 / 0.007
Liver disease / 1.68 / 1.43-1.98 / <0.001
Renal disease / 1.50 / 1.34-1.69 / <0.001
Cancer /immunological disease / 1.72 / 1.54-1.93 / <0.001
Polymicrobial disease / 1.33 / 1.12-1.59 / 0.001

ICU, intensive care unit.ME, multiplicative effect.

Table S2.Multiplicative effects on length of stay before BSI onset. Analysis of all patients (n=1851).

Parameter / ME / CI 95 / P-value
K.pneumoniaeESBL-negative / 1.00 / Reference
K.pneumoniaeESBL-positive / 2.87 / 1.88-4.37 / <0.001
E. coliESBL-positive / 1.01 / 0.75-1.35 / 0.957
E. coliESBL-negative / 0.60 / 0.49-0.74 / <0.001
Male / 1.26 / 1.09-1.46 / 0.002
Age > 65 years / 0.76 / 0.65-0.88 / <0.001
Heart disease / 1.63 / 1.33-1.99 / <0.001
Cerebrovascular disease / 2.04 / 1.65-2.51 / <0.001
Lung disease / 1.20 / 0.97-1.5 / 0.097
Gastrointestinal disease / 2.32 / 1.56-3.43 / <0.001
Liver disease / 1.62 / 1.33-1.96 / <0.001
Cancer /immunological disease / 1.75 / 1.51-2.03 / <0.001
Polymicrobial BSI / 1.35 / 1.08-1.69 / 0.008

BSI, bloodstream infection.ME, multiplicative effect.

Table S3.Multiplicative effects on length of stay after BSI onset. Analysis of all patients (n=1851).

Parameter / ME / CI 95 / P-value
K.pneumoniaeESBL-negative / 1.00 / Reference
K.pneumoniaeESBL-positive / 1.12 / 0.89-1.43 / 0.339
E. coliESBL-positive / 1.12 / 0.95-1.33 / 0.167
E. coliESBL-negative / 1.01 / 0.9-1.13 / 0.875
Age > 65 years / 0.89 / 0.82-0.97 / 0.006
In-hospital death / 0.47 / 0.42-0.52 / <0.001
Heart disease / 1.18 / 1.05-1.32 / 0.005
Lung disease / 1.18 / 1.04-1.34 / 0.009
Gastrointestinal disease / 1.54 / 1.23-1.93 / <0.001
Liver disease / 1.20 / 1.07-1.34 / 0.002
Renal disease / 1.37 / 1.26-1.5 / <0.001
Cancer /immunological disease / 1.21 / 1.1-1.31 / <0.001
Hospital-onset / 1.54 / 1.42-1.68 / <0.001

BSI, bloodstream infection.ME, multiplicative effect.

Table S4.Multiplicative effects on total length of stay of surviving patients only (n=1485).

Parameter / ME / CI 95 / P-value
K.pneumoniaeESBL-negative / 1.00 / Reference
K.pneumoniaeESBL-positive / 1.73 / 1.35-2.21 / <0.001
E. coliESBL-positive / 1.12 / 0.94-1.34 / 0.192
E. coliESBL-negative / 0.95 / 0.85-1.08 / 0.451
Age > 65 years / 0.82 / 0.76-0.9 / <0.001
ICU stay / 1.74 / 1.58-1.92 / <0.001
Heart disease / 1.34 / 1.18-1.51 / <0.001
Cerebrovascular disease / 1.27 / 1.13-1.44 / <0.001
Liver disease / 1.44 / 1.27-1.63 / <0.001
Renal disease / 1.35 / 1.24-1.48 / <0.001
Cancer /immunological disease / 1.51 / 1.38-1.64 / <0.001
Polymicrobial BSI / 1.28 / 1.12-1.47 / <0.001
Discharge year 2011 / 0.65 / 0.58-0.74 / <0.001
Discharge year 2010 / 0.91 / 0.81-1.02 / 0.118
Discharge year 2009 / 1.03 / 0.91-1.16 / 0.684
Discharge year 2008 / 1.00 / Reference

BSI, bloodstream infection.ME, multiplicative effect.

Table S5.Multiplicative effects on length of stay before BSI onset of surviving patients only (n=1485).

Parameter / ME / CI 95 / P-value
K.pneumoniaeESBL-negative / 1.00 / Reference
K.pneumoniaeESBL-positive / 2.23 / 1.4-3.57 / 0.001
E. coliESBL-positive / 0.93 / 0.67-1.3 / 0.685
E. coliESBL-negative / 0.69 / 0.55-0.87 / 0.001
Male / 1.31 / 1.12-1.54 / 0.001
Age > 65 years / 0.73 / 0.62-0.86 / <0.001
Heart disease / 1.86 / 1.48-2.34 / <0.001
Cerebrovascular disease / 1.93 / 1.53-2.43 / <0.001
Gastrointestinal disease / 2.22 / 1.33-3.71 / 0.002
Liver disease / 1.44 / 1.13-1.83 / 0.003
Cancer / immunological disease / 1.86 / 1.58-2.19 / <0.001
Polymicrobial disease / 1.42 / 1.1-1.84 / 0.007
Discharge year 2011 / 0.76 / 0.61-0.95 / 0.015
Discharge year 2010 / 0.78 / 0.62-0.97 / 0.026
Discharge year 2009 / 0.76 / 0.6-0.95 / 0.017
Discharge year 2008 / 1.00 / Reference

BSI, bloodstream infection.ME, multiplicative effect.

Table S6. Multiplicative effects on length of stay after BSI onset of surviving patients only (n=1485).

Parameter / ME / CI 95 / P-value
K.pneumoniaeESBL-negative / 1.00 / Reference
K.pneumoniaeESBL-positive / 1.33 / 1.05-1.68 / 0.016
E. coliESBL-positive / 1.16 / 0.98-1.36 / 0.080
E. coliESBL-negative / 1.09 / 0.97-1.22 / 0.144
Age > 65 years / 0.90 / 0.83-0.98 / 0.013
Heart disease / 1.23 / 1.1-1.39 / <0.001
Lung disease / 1.20 / 1.06-1.35 / 0.003
Rheumatic disease / 1.30 / 1.03-1.63 / 0.026
Gastrointestinal disease / 1.58 / 1.22-2.03 / <0.001
Liver disease / 1.33 / 1.18-1.5 / <0.001
Renal disease / 1.48 / 1.36-1.61 / <0.001
Cancer /immunological disease / 1.24 / 1.15-1.35 / <0.001
Hospital-onset / 1.60 / 1.47-1.74 / <0.001

BSI, bloodstream infection.ME, multiplicative effect.