SBI3U

Diversity of Living Things - Unit in Review

Review material in the following sections of the textbook and focus on the specific topics listed below:

-1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4

-2.1, 2.2, 2.3

-3.1, 3.2, 3.3

Key terms from the textbook that you need to know are indicated in bold face.

Biodiversity, Classification, Phylogeny (1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4)

-what biodiversity is and why it is important

-the difference between genetic diversity and species diversity and structural diversity

-characteristics used in biological classification & taxonomy

-the seven taxa (kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species) and 3 domains

-how to use taxonomy to determine how closely related species are to each other

-the importance of binomial nomenclature

-how to create and use a dichotomous key

-the importance of phylogeny in classification

-how to determine what organisms are most closely related using phylogenetic trees

-the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Viruses (2.2)

-basic structure of viruses (capsid, DNA or RNA)

-examples of viral diseases [Table 1, page 54]

-modes of transmission -epidemic vs. pandemic

-how vaccines help to protect against viral diseases

-characteristics shared by living organisms; classification of viruses as nonliving

-theory of the origin of viruses

-action and reproduction of viruses

-examples of host range from specific to broad (e.g., bacteriophages)

-stages of the lytic cycle (lysis) and lysogenic cycle (lysogeny)

-use of viruses in gene therapy, drug delivery, creating genetically-modified organisms (GMOs)

Prokaryotes (2.1)

-characteristics shared by all prokaryotes

-characteristics of Eubacteria

-structure (including nucleoid, chromosome, pili, plasmid, capsule)

-shapes (coccus, bacillus, spirillum)

-metabolism (obligate aerobes, facultative aerobes, obligate anaerobes)

-reproduction (binary fission, conjugation, transformation)

-ability to form endospore

-names and characteristics of 4 main subgroups of Archaea [Table 3, page 52]

-examples of bacterial diseases [Table 2, page 51]

-examples of helpful roles of bacteria in organisms and ecosystems (e.g., mutualism)

-how genetic diversity in bacteria can lead to antibiotic resistance

Protists (2.3)

-characteristics of eukaryotes

-theories of the origin of eukaryotes (e.g., endosymbiosis)

-the diversity of protists (in number of cells, types of metabolism, reproduction, etc.)

-key features of the ciliates (e.g. Paramecium), euglenoids (e.g., Euglena), amoebas

-reproduction of unicellular protists (binary fission, conjugation)

-examples of diseases caused by protists

-examples of helpful roles of protists in organisms and ecosystems

LAB ACTIVITY: Investigating Protists (Biological Drawings)

-identify Paramecium, Euglena, Amoeba from diagrams

-calculate the field diameter when using medium & high objective lens

-estimate the size of a specimen when viewed under the microscope (any magnification)

Fungi (3.1)

-characteristics of fungi

-major differences from plants -source of energy -types of reproduction

-physical structure of fungi (mycelium with hyphae, chitin in cell walls)

-diversity of fungi

-characteristics of moulds, yeast, and mushrooms

-phylogeny of fungi (more closely related to animals than plants)

-examples of diseases caused by fungi

-examples of helpful roles of fungi in ecosystems (e.g., mycorrhiza) and ways that fungi are used by

humans

Plants (3.2)

-characteristics of plants

-number of cells -source of energy -types of reproduction

-phylogeny of plants

-characteristics in common with ancestral charophytes

-importance of the cuticle and stomata to the transition from water to land

-distinguishing characteristics & examples of the 4 main groups of plants

-bryophytes

-lycophytes & pterophytes (the ferns)

-gymnosperms

-angiosperms

-examples of helpful roles of plants in ecosystems and ways that plants are used by humans

Animals (3.3)

-characteristics of animals

-number of cells -source of energy -types of reproduction

-classification & phylogeny of animals

-characteristics used to classify animals [See Figure 5, page 98] and chordates

[Figure 17, page 104]

-number of germ layers (endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm)

-presence of a body cavity (coelom) with internal organs

-examples of helpful roles of animals and interactions between animals and humans (e.g.,

competition for food source, pathogens, vectors, etc.

Evaluation: / Date: / Categories:
KU / TI / A / C
Biological Drawings / week of September 15th, 2014 / √
Quiz (Viruses, Prokaryotes) / √
Assignment / √ / √
Unit Test / √ / √ / √ / √