Biology Semester Final Exam
Review Packet

Unit 1 Content—Biochemistry

REVIEW NOTES

(1)ATP:

  1. Full Name  ______
  2. Energy 
    ______
    ______

(2)ADP:

  1. Full Name  ______
  2. Energy 
    ______
    ______

(3)Biological Elements & Molecules:

  1. Elements 
  2. ______
  3. ______
  4. ______
  5. ______
  6. ______
  7. ______
  1. 4 Types of Biomolecules 
  2. ______
  3. ______
  4. ______
  5. ______
  1. Carbohydrates 
  2. Monomers = ______
  3. Polymers = ______
  4. Functions = ______
  1. Lipids 
  2. Monomers = ______
  3. Polymers = ______
  4. Functions = ______
    ______
  5. Proteins 
  6. Monomers = ______
  7. Polymers = ______
  8. Functions = ______
    ______
  9. Enzymes:
    ______
    ______
    ______
    ______
  1. Nucleic Acids 
  2. Monomers = ______
  3. Polymers = ______
  4. Functions = ______

(4)Characteristics of Living Things:

  1. ______
  2. ______
  3. ______
  4. ______
  5. Why Aren’t Viruses Living?
    ______
    ______
    ______

(5)Energy & Matter:

  1. The basic units of matter are ______.
  2. The basic units of life are ______.
  3. Chemical Potential Energy 
    ______
  4. Kinetic Energy 
    ______
  5. Carbon & Living Things 
    ______
  6. Water & Living Things 
    ______
    ______
    ______
    ______

(6)Dehydration Synthesis Reactions:

  1. Definition 
    ______
    ______
  2. Function 
    ______
    ______
  3. Drawing 

(7)Hydrolysis Reactions:

  1. Definition 
    ______
    ______
  2. Function 
    ______
    ______
  3. Drawing 

Unit 1 Content—Biochemistry

PRACTICE QUESTIONS

1)What does ATP do for / in cells?

2)What are the biological elements?

3)What do cells need to do to be considered living?

4)What are atoms?

5)What are cells?

6)What is chemical potential energy?

7)What is kinetic energy?

8)Why aren’t viruses considered to be living?

9)What are the monomers for carbohydrates?

10)What are the monomers for lipids?

11)What are the monomers for proteins?

12)What are the monomers for nucleic acids?

13)What are the polymers for carbohydrates?

14)What are the polymers for lipids?

15)What are the polymers for proteins?

16)What are the polymers for nucleic acids?

17)What is the function of a carbohydrate?

18)What are the functions of lipids?

19)What are the functions of proteins?

20)What is the function of nucleic acids?

21)What happens if an enzyme is denatured?

22)What does “polar” mean with water?

23)What is dehydration synthesis?

24)What happens with water in dehydration synthesis?

25)What happens with the molecules in dehydration synthesis?

26)What happens with energy in dehydration synthesis?

27)Draw a picture of dehydration synthesis.

28)What is hydrolysis?

29)What happens with water in hydrolysis?

30)What happens with molecules in hydrolysis?

31)What happens with energy in hydrolysis?

32)Draw a picture of dehydration synthesis.

Unit 2 Content—Cells

REVIEW NOTES

(1)The Cell Theory:

  1. ______
  2. ______
  3. ______

(2)The Endosymbiotic Theory:
______
______
______

(3)Types of Cells & Organisms:

  1. Eukaryotic Cells / Eukaryotes ______
  2. Prokaryotic Cells / Prokaryotes ______
  1. Unicellular Organisms  ______
  2. Multicellular Organisms ______

(4)Cell Membrane Transport:

  1. Diffusion
    ______
    ______
  2. Facilitated Diffusion
    ______
    ______
  3. Osmosis 
    ______
    ______

(5)Special Osmotic Environments:

  1. Isotonic
    ______
    ______
  2. Hypertonic
    ______
    ______
  3. Hypotonic 
    ______
    ______

(6)Animal Cell:

(7)Cell Organelles:

  1. Nucleus 
    ______
  2. Endoplasmic Reticulum 
    ______
  3. Golgi Body 
    ______
  4. Ribosomes 
    ______
  5. Mitochondria 
    ______
  6. Lysosomes 
    ______
  7. Peroxisomes 
    ______
  8. Chloroplasts 
    ______
  9. Enlarged Vacuole 
    ______
  10. Cell Membrane 
    ______
  11. Cell Wall 
    ______

(8)Plant Cell:

Unit 2 Content—Cells

Practice Questions

1)What does the CellTheoryState?

2)What does the EndosymbioticTheoryState?

3)What are eukaryotic cells?

4)What are prokaryotic cells?

5)What are unicellular organisms?

6)What are multicellular organisms?

7)What is diffusion?

8)What is osmosis?

9)What is facilitated diffusion?

10)What is a hypertonic environment?

11)What is a hypotonic environment?

12)What is an isotonic environment?

13)What is the function of the nucleus?

14)What does the nucleus look like in a diagram?

15)What is the function of the golgi body?

16)What does the golgi body look like in a diagram?

17)What is the function of a lysosome?

18)What does a lysosome look like in a diagram?

19)What is the function of a mitochondrion?

20)What does a mitochondrion look like in a diagram?

21)What is the function of a ribosome?

22)What does a ribosome look like in a diagram?

23)What is the function of a peroxisome?

24)What does a peroxisome look like in a diagram?

25)Which organelle/s are unique to only animal cells?

26)Which organelle/s are unique to only plant cells?

27)What is the function of the enlarged vacuole?

28)What does the enlarged vacuole look like in a diagram?

29)What is the function of a chloroplast?

30)What does a chloroplast look like in a diagram?

Unit 3 Content—Cell Energy

Review Notes

(1)Photosynthesis:

  1. Equation 
  1. Definition 
    ______
    ______
  2. Reactants  ______
  3. Products  ______
  4. Organelle  ______

(2)Cellular Respiration:

  1. Equation 
  1. Definition 
    ______
    ______
  2. Reactants  ______
  3. Products  ______
  4. Organelle  ______

(3)Relationship between Photosynthesis & Respiration:

______
______
______
______

Unit 3 Content—Cell Energy

Practice Questions

1)What are the reactants for photosynthesis?

2)What are the products for photosynthesis?

3)What is the equation for photosynthesis?

4)What is the definition for photosynthesis?

5)Which organelle does photosynthesis?

6)What are the reactants for cellular respiration?

7)What are the products for cellular respiration?

8)What is the equation for cellular respiration?

9)What is the definition for cellular respiration?

10)Which organelle does cellular respiration?

11)How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration related to one another?

Unit 4 Content—Cell Division

Review Notes

(1)The Cell Cycle:

  1. Definition 
    ______
    ______
  2. Phases 
  3. G1 = ______
  4. S = ______
  5. G2 = ______
  6. M = ______
  1. Check Points 
  2. G1 = ______
  3. G2 = ______
  1. Drawing 

(2)Mitosis vs. Meiosis:

MITOSIS / MEIOSIS
Types of Cells
Parents vs. Offspring
# of Cells
Genetic Information

(3)Cancer:

  1. Cause 
    ______
    ______
  2. Definition 
    ______
    ______

(4)Mitosis:

  1. Definition 
    ______
  2. Phases 
  3. Prophase…
    ______
  4. Metaphase…
    ______
  5. Anaphase…
    ______
  6. Telophase…
    ______
  7. Cytokinesis…
    ______
  1. Drawing 

(5)Meiosis:

  1. Definition 
    ______
  2. Phases 
  3. Metaphase-1…

______

  1. Anaphase-1…

______

  1. Telophase-1 & Cytokinesis-1…

______

  1. Metaphase-2…

______

  1. Anaphase-2…

______

  1. Telophase-2 & Cytokinesis-2…

______

  1. Special Circumstances 
  2. Crossing Over…

______
______
______

  1. Law of Segregation…

______
______
______

  1. Law of Independent Assortment…

______
______
______

(6)Types of Reproduction:

  1. Binary Fission 

______
______

  1. *SPECIAL EVENT—Bacterial Conjugation 

______
______
______

(7)Karyotypes & Chromosomes:

  1. Normal Chromosomal Arrangement 
  1. What To Look For 

Unit 4 Content—Cell Division

Practice Questions

1)What is the cell cycle?

2)Draw the cell cycle and label the stages and check points.

3)What happens during the G1 phase of the cell cycle?

4)What happens during the S phase of the cell cycle?

5)What happens during the G2 phase of the cell cycle?

6)What happens during the M phase of the cell cycle?

7)What happens during the G1 checkpoint?

8)What happens during the G2 checkpoint?

9)List out differences between mitosis and meiosis.

10)Define mitosis.

11)Define meiosis.

12)What happens during prophase of mitosis? Draw a picture.

13)What happens during metaphase of mitosis? Draw a picture.

14)What happens during anaphase of mitosis? Draw a picture.

15)What happens during telophase of mitosis? Draw a picture.

16)What happens with the genetic information during mitosis?

17)What is cancer?

18)What happens with genetic information during meiosis?

19)What happens during metaphase-1 of meiosis?

20)What happens during anaphase-1 of meiosis?

21)What happens during metaphase-2 of meiosis?

22)What happens during anaphase-2 of meiosis?

23)How many cells are there at the end of Cytokinesis-2 of meiosis?

24)What is crossing over? When does it occur?

25)What is the Law of Segregation? When is it applied?

26)What is the Law of Independent Assortment? When is it applied?

27)What is binary fission?

28)What is bacterial conjugation?

29)How many chromosomes does a normal, human, somatic cell have?

30)How many chromosomes does a normal, human, gamete cell have?