Lab 9 Mitosis Flashcards

1)  What is the form of cell division that eukaryotic cells employ for growth, repair or regeneration of somatic cells? / Mitosis
2)  What is mitosis? / A form of asexual reproduction
3)  What is the purpose of mitosis? / To increase the number of cells
4)  Certain bacteria, cyanobacteria and many single-celled organisms reproduce by another form of mitosis called what? / Binary fission
5)  The cell cycle is divided into two main phases, which are? / Interphase and Mitotic phase
6)  What is the longest phase of the cell cycle? / Interphase
7)  What are the three phases that interphase is subdivided into? / G1, S, and G2
8)  During what interphase period are most cells arrested? / In the G1 phase
9)  During what interphase period do cellular processes such as protein synthesis and metabolic activities occur? / During the G1 phase
10)  During what interphase period does DNA replication take place which results in the copying of the genetic information? / During the S phase
11)  What is another cellular growth phase in which the cell with its copied genetic information is preparing for the mitotic phases? / The G2 (gap) phase
12)  What is the division of the duplicated genetic material and can be subdivided into four phases? / The Mitotic Phase
13)  What are the four phases of the Mitotic Phase? / Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and telophase
14)  What is the longest of the mitotic phases? / Prophase
15)  What phase of mitosis is when the nucleoli disappears, the nuclear envelope fragments and begins to disappear? / Prophase
16)  What happens during prophase? / The chromosomal material condenses becoming more distinct and visible as chromosomes
17)  Each duplicated chromosome consists of what? / Two sister chromatids
18)  The two sister chromatids are held together where? / At the centromere
19)  When do the chromosomes move to the metaphase plate and line up single file at the center of the cell? / During metaphase
20)  The centromeres break and the sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles of the cell during what phase of the mitotic phase? / Anaphase
21)  What is each chromatid considered after separation? / A chromosome
22)  As the cell continues to elongate, the nuclear envelope and nucleoli reappear during what phase of the mitotic phase? / Telophase
23)  The division of the cytoplasm is called what? / Cytokinesis
24)  What occurs during telophase to create two separate daughter cells? / Cytokinesis
25)  In animal cells, what develops to pinch the cell into? / A cleavage furrow
26)  In plants, what begins to form between the new daughter cells? / The cell plate
27)  When does each daughter cell have a single nucleus with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell? / At the end of karyokinesis and cytokinesis
28)  What do plant cells form during the telophase that separates the two daughter cells? / A cell plate
29)  What does an animal cell form when the chromosomes are near the poles? / Cleavage furrow
30)  What do animal cells have that helps assist in the shortening of the microtubules during anaphase? / centrioles
31)  Which phase is the longest during a cell cycle? / interphase
32)  Which phase is the longest of the mitotic phases? / Prophase
33) Which phase of active mitosis is the longest?
34) Which phase of active mitosis is the shortest?
35) Which area of the adult human and mature plant undergoes mitosis?
36) During which stage of mitosis do the nuclear envelope/ membrane disappear?
37) When does the nucleolus disappear?
38) Label if present: nucleus, chromosomes, chromatid, centrioles or asters, spindle fibers, cleavage furrow, cell plate, cytokinesis and karyokinesis

39) Label if present: nucleus, chromosones, chromatid, centrioles or asters, spindle fibers, cleavage furrow, cell plate, cytokinesis and karyokinesis

40) Name an area of the adult human and mature plant that undergoes mitosis.
41) The nuclear envelope/membrane disappears during what stages of mitosis?
42) When does the nucleolus reappear?
43) What is taking place in a cell when it is not undergoing mitosis?
44) Name two types of human tissues that do not undergo mitosis after maturation.
45) For the following questions, refer to the pictures of cells below:

46) What evidence do you see in cell “d” that indicates that the cell is not in the process of mitosis?
47) What phase is indicated by cell “e”?
48) Are cells “f” and “g” plant or animal? Name two structures present or absent that substantiate your conclusion.
49) What phase of mitosis is represented by cell “f” and “g”?