Name:______

Date:______

Period:______

United States History A

Chapter 8 Study Guide

8-1 War Between the States: Causes

  1. What event prompted the South to secede from the Union?
  2. What state seceded from the Union on December 20, 1860?
  3. What was an alliance of 11 secessionist states that existed between 1861 and 1865?
  4. What remained as a federation of 25 states governed by the United States government between 1861 and 1865?
  5. Who said “I have no purpose directly or indirectly, to interfere with the institution of slavery in the States where it exists.”?
  6. What fort was taken by South Carolina on April 13, 1861?
  7. How many volunteers did Abraham Lincoln call for on April 15, 1861 to invade the South?
  8. What is another name for The War Between the States?
  9. List three causes of the War Between the States:
  10. Who said “My paramount object in this struggle is to save the Union, and is not either to save or to destroy slavery. If I could save the Union without freeing any slave I would do it…”?
  11. Who refused to Command the Union army in 1861 and became General of the Army of Northern Virginia on June 1, 1862?
  12. What State recognized the independence of the Confederate States and as a result Federal troops were sent to force its loyalty to the Union?
  13. Who was president of the Confederate States from 1862 to 1865?
  14. What was the capital of the Confederate States and was located just 130 miles from Washington D.C.?
  15. What sought to impose a naval blockade, invade using military force, and capture the capitol?
  16. What sought to defend itself until the invading army loses its will to fight?
  17. What was the objective of the North in 1861 at the beginning of the War Between the States?

8-2 War Between the States: Battles

  1. Who was the commander of the Army of the Potomac in 1861?
  2. What battle was fought in Virginia on July 21, 1861, and was the first major battle of the War Between the States, and resulted in a Confederate victory?
  3. What river did the Union want to take control of as part of The Anaconda Plan?
  4. What two Confederate forts were taken by Union forces in February 1862?
  5. What battle was fought in Tennessee on April 6&7, 1862, and resulted in a Union victory, and the death of Confederate General Albert Sydney Johnson?
  6. What battle was fought off the shore of Virginia on March 8, 1862, and was the first meeting in combat of ironclad ships, the USS Monitor and the CSS Virginia, and resulted in the death of wooden naval ships?
  7. Who was the best-known Confederate commander after General Robert E. Lee and played a prominent role in nearly all military engagements in the Eastern Theater of war until his death in 1863?
  8. What took place in Virginia in the spring of 1862 that resulted in preventing Union armies from reinforcing the Union offensive against Richmond?
  9. Who was the commander of the Army of the Potomac from 1861 to 1862, and was known for being a “cautious” military leader, and led the first large scale offensive in the Eastern Theater of the war?
  10. What was a major Union operation launched in Virginia from March through July 1862 with the objective of capturing the Confederate capital, and resulted in a Confederate victory and the Union withdrawal from the region?
  11. What major Southern port city was captured by the Union on May 1, 1862 and was part of the Union strategy to control the Mississippi River?
  12. What battle was fought in Virginia on August 29, 1862, and resulted in a Confederate victory?
  13. What battle was fought in Maryland on September 17, 1862, and resulted in a Union victory, and is the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, with a combined tally of 22,717 dead, wounded, or missing?
  14. Who was the commander of the Army of the Potomac from 1862 to 1863?
  15. What battle was fought in Virginia December 11-15, 1862, and resulted in one of the most one-sided battles of the war, and a Confederate victory?
  16. Who was the commander of the Army of the Potomac in 1863?
  17. What battle was fought in Virginia from April 30 to May 6, 1863, and resulted in a Confederate victory and the death of Confederate General “Stonewall” Jackson?
  18. What battle was fought in Mississippi from May 18 to July 4, 1863, and resulted in a Union victory, and Union control of the Mississippi River?
  19. Who was the commander of the Army of the Potomac from 1863 to 1865?
  20. What battle was fought in Pennsylvania July 1-3, 1863, and resulted in a Union victory, and was a major turning point of the war?
  1. Who was the General-in-Chief of Union forces from 1864 to 1865 and is known for using brute force rather than military strategy?
  2. What battle was fought in Virginia May 5-7, 1864 and was tactically inconclusive?
  3. What were a series of battles fought in Virginia from June 9, 1864 to March 25, 1865 and consisted of nine months of trench warfare?
  4. What strategy was adopted by the North in September 1864 to break the will of the South by targeting civilians?
  5. Who said, “Leave nothing to invite the enemy to return. Destroy whatever cannot be consumed.”?
  6. What campaign was led by Union General Philip Sheridan in Virginia from November to December 1864 and used scorched earth tactics to destroy the property and economy of Virginia?
  7. What military campaign was conducted by the Union Army through Georgia from November 15 to December 21, 1864 to destroy military and civilian targets including: industry, infrastructure, and civilian property and resulted in the burning of Atlanta and the capture of Savannah?

8-3 War Between the States: Homefront

Political History

  1. What State entered the Union in 1861 and became the 34th State?
  2. What State entered the Union in 1863 and became the 35th State?
  3. What State entered the Union in 1864 and became the 36th State?
  4. Who was president of the United States from 1861 to 1865?
  5. What was suspended by Abraham Lincoln in 1861, and resulted in the denial of due process for citizens, and allowed for their indefinite imprisonment?
  6. What fiat currency was issued by the Federal government from 1861 and 1865 which expanded the money supply and resulted in inflation?
  7. What U.S. department was established in 1862 to regulate farming, agriculture, forestry, and food in the United States?
  8. What was passed by Congress on July 1, 1862 to help fund the North’s protraction of the war and was the first income tax in U.S. history?
  9. What permitted the Union government to seize all personal property of anyone taking up arms against the government, or aiding the rebellion in 1862?
  10. What order stated that “On the 1st day of January, in the year of our Lord 1863, all persons held as slaves within any state or. . . part of a state [whose] people. . . Shall then be in rebellion against the United States, shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free.”?
  11. What called for the registration of all males between the ages of 20 and 45 into the military in 1863 and was the first wartime draft of citizens in U.S. history?
  12. What broke out in July 1863 in New York City over forcing young men into the United States military?
  13. What was authorized by Congress and imposed by the presidenton September 15, 1863 to reaffirm the president’s suspension of habeas corpus in 1861?
  14. What name was given to Northerners who opposed the war and sought a peace settlement with the South?
  15. Which member of the House of Representatives was arrested by Union soldiers on May 5, 1863 for his opposition of the war?
  16. What was censored by the president using an executive order on May 18, 1864?

Innovative History

  1. What newspaper was established in 1860 in New York City?
  2. What mail service operated from 1860 to 1861 delivering messages, newspapers, and mail using horses and was the West’s most direct means of east-west communication?
  3. What line of communication was completed in 1861 in Salt Lake City, Utah and served as the only method of near-instantaneous communication between the east and west coasts during the 1860s?
  4. What did Oliver Wendell Holmes invent in 1861 that consisted of two prismatic lenses and a wooden stand to hold the stereo card and gave the viewer a single three-dimensional image?
  5. What was developed in 1864 that brought comfort to average Americans as they traveled by train?

Cultural History

  1. What marching song was written in 1861 and was popular in the Union during the war and was known for its “flavor of coarseness, possibly of irreverence”?
  2. What song was written in 1861 and was popular among Confederate soldiers during the war?
  3. What church was founded by Ellen G. White in 1863, and is distinguished from other Protestant Christian faiths by its observance of Saturday as the Sabbath day, and places emphasis on the imminent Second Coming of Jesus Christ?
  4. What board game was created in 1860 by Milton Bradley and was America’s first popular parlor game?

8-4 War Between the States: Outcome

  1. Where did Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrender his army of Northern Virginia to Union General Ulysses S. Grant on April 9, 1865?
  2. How many American soldiers were killed in the War Between the States?
  3. What was the result of the strategy that was adopted by the North in 1864 and the military campaigns it conducted that targeted military and civilian industry, infrastructure, and property?
  4. What major change to the governmental system of the United States took place as a result of the war?
  5. Who was assassinated on April 14, 1865 in Washington, D.C. at Ford’s Theater?
  6. Who shouted “Sic Semper Tyrannis!” after the assassination and was killed by Union soldiers on April 26, 1865?