The analysis about soil pollution of Shihezi cultivated land
Chen Hao[i] Yang Dayuan JinXiaobin
(School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences，Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093,China.)
ABSTRACT：Based on the data of recent 10 years on social economy and resource environment, the problem about soil pollution of Shihezi cultivated land is discussed in terms of pesticides and chemical fertilizer, mulching film, waste water etc. Average growth rates of pesticides, chemical fertilizer and mulching film are much more than that of cultivated land (only 0.003), and average cover area of mulching film is 73%, and qualified rate of waste water discharged is less than a half. The result of the evaluation model structured by the paper shows a slightly moderate level, then influencing factors and treatments are analyzed, in order to contribute to soil pollution abatement of Shihezi cultivated land.
It includes introduction, study area, analysis of polluted cultivated land at aspects of pesticides and chemical fertilizer, mulching film, waste water etc. and assessment as well as conclusion. All figuresare attached.
Its ideas are that economic activities and social life directly or indirectly cause soil pollution; meanwhile data of economic and social development relatively are available and accessible to obtain, so why shall we utilize this type of data? Seemingly, it could be concluded to point out relationship between soil pollution and economic and social progresses, in order to show duties of economic and social activities. So a model was designed to assess polluting extent (see attachment).
KEY WORDS：Cultivated Region of Shihezi; Cultivated Land; Soil Pollution; Pesticides; Mulching Film; Waste Water
图1 作物耕作比例
Fig.1 Crop cultivation proportion
图2 2001-2009年农药使用量及强度 图3 2001-2009年化肥使用量及强度
Fig.2 Usage amount and intension of Fig.3 Usage amount and intension of
pesticide in 2001-2009 chemical fertilizer in 2001-2009
图4 农药和化肥强度增长率及耕地面积增长率
Fig.4 Growth rates of pesticide and chemical fertilizer intension, agricultural acreage
图5 石河子垦区2001-2009年地膜使用情况
Fig.5 usage condition of mulching film in Cultivated Region of Shihezi in 2001-2009
图6 地膜覆盖面积及比例线性比较 图7 地膜覆盖面积和使用量曲线拟合
Fig.6 Linear comparison of cover area Fig.7 Curve-fitting of cover area and usage and proportion of mulching film amount of mulching film
图8 关于地膜使用的增长率及比例情况
Fig.8 Growth rate and proportion of mulching film usage
图9 01-05年重点源废水排放量与达标率 图10 07-10年废水排放量与处理率
Fig.9 Discharge and compliance rate of Fig.10 Discharge and processing rate ofwaste water from focal points in 2001-2005 waste water in 2007-2010
Assessment Model:
-Joint Pollution Index；-adjustment coefficient determined by local pollution discharge intensity and environmental carrying capacity;-evaluation factor number；-weight；-evaluation factor intensity
Generally,CI≤0.4 as mild contamination，0.4＜CI≤0.7 as middle level，CI＞0.7 as severe pollution. Here, choosing pesticide, mulching film,COD of waste water and ammonia nitrogen，intensity is standardized as united unit（kg/hectare）；weights were referred toresidual rate, recovery and processing ratio.
K could be decided：
a-contaminant amount，b-environmental carrying capacity；higher K value means heavier pollution,when a＞b shows amplification，while a＜b shows weakening. Without data of carrying capacity, Delphi method could be used to get empirical coefficient; or grading k, e.g. three grades: a=b,a=1.5b,a=2b，corresponding to k-value 0.37，0.61，1 respectively.
[i]Hao Chen, now as PhD student of the center for historical geography research, Fudan University, China, 200433.
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