Unit 6 Test: WWII, Cold War, Vietnam, Civil Rights, 1980s

1.  Immediately after Pearl Harbor, American and British strategists decided to

a.  follow Stalin's advice on military strategy.

b.  open a second front in western Europe

c.  attempt to regain Pacific islands from Japan

d.  use the atomic bomb as soon as it was developed

e.  pursue victory against Germany first, then Japan

2.  All of the following were agreed upon at Potsdam EXCEPT

a.  plans for collecting German reparations.

b.  free elections in Poland

c.  four occupation zones in Germany.

d.  split Berlin

e.  trying certain Nazi leaders as war criminals

3.  In 1943 one of the worst racial riots in United States history swept through

a.  Chicago

b.  Detroit

c.  Memphis

d.  Orlando

e.  Philadelphia

4.  The most glaring case of suppression of civil liberties in the United States during World War II concerned

a.  the internment of Japanese Americans

b.  deporting Italian-Americans to Italy

c.  imprisonment of communist leaders

d.  jailing opponents to conscription

e.  segregated army units

5.  President Truman’s planned domestic policies included support for all of the following EXCEPT

a.  A full-employment bill

b.  Increase in the minimum wage

c.  National health care insurance

d.  Desegregating the armed forces

e.  The Taft-Hartley Act

6.  "Containment" refers to

a.  keeping communism within its existing boundaries

b.  preventing suburban growth outside city limits

c.  preventing integration in southern public schools

d.  preventing the spread of nuclear weapons to smaller countries bent on aggression

e.  The environmental policies regarding Chernobyl

7.  The Truman Doctrine opposed communist movements in

a.  Guatemala and Honduras

b.  Jordan and Syria

c.  France and Italy

d.  Brazil and Argentina

e.  Greece and Turkey

8.  All of the following are true of President Johnson’s “Great Society” EXCEPT

a.  It was often criticized for its unrealistic promises to eliminate poverty

b.  It created a centralized welfare state

c.  The legislation was very costly

d.  It was the main source for higher taxes and inflation in the late 1960s

e.  It provided valuable assistance to millions of Americans who had previously been forgotten or ignored- the poor, the disabled, and elderly.

9.  The Civil Rights Act of 1957 provided for all of the following EXCEPT

a.  creation of the Civil Rights Division within the Justice Department

b.  school desegregation "with all deliberate speed"

c.  establishment of the investigatory Civil Rights Commission

d.  strengthening of powers of Justice Department and Attorney General in matters of civil rights

e.  the obtaining of injunctions to stop election officials from interfering with blacks seeking to register and vote

10.  When the communists placed a blockade of highway, river, and rail traffic into Berlin in 1948, the United States

a.  ceded Berlin to the Soviet sphere of influence

b.  threatened to use atomic weapons in the dispute

c.  permitted the communists to annex Hungary in exchange for acknowledging American interest in West Berlin

d.  divided Czechoslovakia in to The Czech Republic and Slovakia

e.  airlifted supplies into West Berlin

11.  MacArthur proposed to win the Korean War by all of the following measures EXCEPT

  1. employing atomic weapons against China and the Soviet Union
  2. using Nationalist Chinese troops in the struggle

c.  conquest of North Korea

d.  blockading the Chinese coast

e.  bombing communist supply bases within northeastern China

12.  The main purpose of the Interstate Highway Act of 1956 was

a.  to promote commerce along major transportation lines

b.  to provide speedy evacuation of major metropolitan areas in the event of a nuclear attack.

c.  to create a national transportation network for military personnel and defense materials.

d.  to expand the population of the Sunbelt.

e.  to link the growing population of California with the interior and eastern states.

13.  In the 1968 election, George C. Wallace

a.  stumped for Hubert Humphrey

b.  urged the re-nomination of President Johnson

c.  reluctantly endorsed Nixon

d.  won less than 5 million popular votes

e.  ran as the American Independent nominee

14.  "Vietnamization" refers to

a.  Nixon's plan to turn over most of the fighting to the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (South).

b.  Nixon's plan to turn over most of the fighting to the Army of the Republic of Vietnam

c.  congressional approval of the military-spending bills.

d.  calls for an American military victory in the war.

e.  communist infiltration of the anti-war movement

15.  During the Vietnam War, "doves" objected to all of the following EXCEPT

a.  use of defoliants in the Vietnamese jungles

b.  American attacks on Vietnamese civilians

c.  use of napalm

d.  massive aerial bombings

e.  detente in foreign policy

16.  During the Cuban Missile Crisis, all of the following were legitimate courses of action that were taken into consideration by the Kennedy Administration EXCEPT

a.  A surgical airstrike to remove the missiles in Cuba

b.  A land invasion of Cuba

c.  Negotiations with Khrushchev

d.  A U.S. assault on East Berlin

e.  A blockade of Cuba

17.  The case United States v. Nixon placed limits upon

a.  Impoundment

b.  executive privilege.

c.  military spending

d.  school desegregation.

e.  breaking and entering

18.  President Johnson’s Great Society programs included all of the following EXCEPT

a.  Federal aid to poor elementary and high school districts

b.  Ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment to guarantee equality for women

c.  Federal health insurance for the elderly and medical care for the poor and disabled

d.  Federal funding of self-help programs for the poor

e.  Passage of civil rights laws to promote equal opportunity for all Americans

19.  The Kent State demonstrations were staged to protest

a.  Chinese intervention in the Vietnam War

b.  Racial discrimination

c.  The Tet Offensive

d.  The draft lottery

e.  The military incursion into Cambodia

20.  Nixon's resignation resulted when

a.  his aides revealed Nixon's complicity in Watergate

b.  he lost the support of enough senators needed to avoid conviction in Watergate-related matters

c.  the Supreme Court ordered him to step down due to obstruction of justice

d.  the House voted overwhelmingly to impeach him

e.  Vice President Ford asked him to "for the good of the nation"

21.  The official version of the Kennedy assassination concluded that

a.  Lee Harvey Oswald, a communist sympathizer with ties to Fidel Castro, acted alone in planning and executing the crime

b.  Lee Harvey Oswald was "possibly acting on an order from Moscow"

c.  the assassination was arranged by South Vietnamese agents angry about the murder of President Diem

d.  the real story of the assassination must be withheld because of national security

e.  there was a conspiracy to set up a military regime to replace Kennedy

22.  The CIA operation during the Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba (1961) is an example of the United States attempting to

a.  Eliminate unfriendly governments geographically close to the United States

b.  Cultivate good relations with Latin American nations

c.  Make substantial commitments towards stopping the traffic of illegal narcotics along the southern U.S. borders.

  1. Suppress the spread of communism in eastern bloc countries.
  2. Put limits on which nations may join NATO

23.  The growth of McCarthyism in the early 1950s was based on

  1. Public fear concerning the spread of communism
  2. Opposition to the policy of containment
  3. Inflation
  4. Outrage over corruption in the government during the Eisenhower administration
  5. Dissatisfaction with the results of World War II

24.  In 1957 the United States government responded to the Soviet launch of Sputnik by

  1. Reducing military spending
  2. Building a joint space station with the Soviet Union
  3. Providing funds to improve the educational system in the United States
  4. Constructing President Ronald Reagan’s “Star Wars” defense system
  5. Taking a diplomatic approach and agreeing to the terms of SALT I with the U.S.S.R.

25.  This January 12, 1962 issue of LIFE Magazine indicates that most U.S. citizens…

  1. feared the possibility of a nuclear war
  2. felt a genuine threat after the Cuban Missile Crisis
  3. did not want to re-elect President John F. Kennedy Jr.
  4. believed that only government officials would be safe in the event of a nuclear attack
  5. believed in taking extraordinary steps in concealing atomic weapons

26.  The Moral Majority was all of the following EXCEPT

  1. A political organization which had an agenda of evangelical Christian-oriented political lobbying.
  2. Founded in 1979 and but dissolved in the late 1980s.
  3. Initially heavily supported by President Ronald Reagan
  4. Censorship of media outlets that promoted "anti-family" agendas
  5. supported abortion and a woman’s right to choose

27.  César Chávez

  1. founded the Hispanic Crusade for Justice
  2. led a national consumer boycott of California grapes and lettuce in the mid-1960s

c.  was the first Mexican American elected to the United States Senate

d.  urged Hispanics to desert the Democratic party

  1. founded the American Indian Movement (AIM)

28.  Which of the following was NOT a goal outlined in the following speech:

“And as we walk, we must make the pledge that we shall march ahead. We cannot turn back. There are those who are asking the devotees of civil rights, “When will you be satisfied?” We can never be satisfied as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities. We cannot be satisfied as long as the Negro’s basic mobility is from a smaller ghetto to a larger one. We can never be satisfied as long as a Negro in Mississippi cannot vote and a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for which to vote. No, no, we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream.”

-  Martin Luther King Jr., Excerpt from “I have a Dream,” 1963

  1. Equal access to motels and hotels
  2. Unsatisfactory housing
  3. Negroes should form independent communities
  4. The opportunity to vote
  5. Supporting candidates that legislate civil rights

29.  All of the following are true of James Meredith and his October 1, 1962 entrance into the University of Mississippi EXCEPT

  1. He was initially barred from entering the university in September.
  2. Meredith was the first black student to attend the University of Mississippi
  3. Meredith’s decision to test his democratic rights was motivated by President Kennedy’s inaugural address
  4. His enrollment sparked riots that left two protesters dead
  5. Ironically, President Kennedy refused to bring in federal troops to protect Meredith

30.  From 1942 to 1945, the United States was allied with

  1. Great Britain only
  2. Great Britain and the Soviet Union
  3. France, Spain, and the Soviet Union
  4. Italy and Great Britain
  5. No other nation

31.  Which of the following did NOT occur during the 1760-1826 period in American history?:

  1. a doctrine was formulated concerning American attitudes toward European intervention in the Western Hemisphere
  2. political parties in the U.S. appeared for the first time
  3. the establishment of the first national bank
  4. two wars with the British
  5. Texas became part of the United States.

32.  Which event of the 1950s most likely led to the publication of this cartoon?

  1. The Soviet Union launching the Sputnik satellite
  2. The United States defeat in the Vietnam War
  3. A stalemate in Korea
  4. American students scoring lower on tests in math and science
  5. McCarthyism

33.  The following statement by FDR is consistent with all of the following U.S. policies EXCEPT

“It was like lending a garden hose to a neighbor whose house was burning.”

  1. The Neutrality Acts
  2. The destroyers-for-bases deal
  3. The Lend-Lease Act
  4. The Atlantic Charter
  5. “sink-on-sight

34.  The following document is most likely related to..

Recounting her experience at Woolworths in 1963:

“The mob started smearing us with ketchup, mustard, sugar, pies, and everything on the counter. Soon Joan and I were joined by John Salter, but the moment he sat down he was hit on the jaw with what appeared to be brass knuckles. Blood gushed from his face and someone threw salt into the open wound. About ninety policemen were standing outside the store; they had been watching the whole thing through the windows, but had not come in to stop the mob or do anything.”

-  Anne Moody, 1968

  1. The Watts riots in Los Angeles
  2. The Montgomery Bus Boycott
  3. The Sit-ins
  4. Freedom Summer of 1964
  5. The passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965

35.  How did police commissioner “Bull” Conner and the actions of Birmingham police in May of 1963 impact America?

  1. People were concerned about the ethical treatment of animals.
  2. The American public acknowledged that protestors were resisting, and the police officers had used appropriate force.
  3. The media exposed the brutality of the Birmingham police and mainstream America witnessed the plight of African Americans living in the South.
  4. It led to the immediate passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964

36.  The Voting Rights Act of 1965:

  1. Allowed states to impose voting qualifications
  2. Had little impact in the Deep South
  3. Insured that U.S. citizens would have the right to vote regardless of race or color.
  4. Gave African American women the right to vote
  5. Increased the use of literacy tests in states like Louisiana and Mississippi

37.  The Black Muslims and the Black Power movement advocated

  1. Equal opportunity and social integration
  2. Voting rights and nonviolent protest
  3. Multicultural education for whites and blacks
  4. Increased participation of African Americans in national politics
  5. Separatism and self-rule for African Americans

38.  Betty Friedan’s book The Feminine Mystique

  1. Advocated no-fault divorce and open marriages
  2. Argued that many women could not have fulfilling lives if limited to a traditional role in the home.
  3. Proposed federal protection of the special needs of wives and mothers
  4. Resulted in the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment
  5. Supported premarital sex, abortion, and gay rights

39.  Ronald Reagan’s greatest strength or achievement as president was

  1. The reduction of the federal deficit
  2. His hands-on administration of the federal government
  3. Initiating the improvement of relations with the Soviet Union
  4. His ability to communicate traditional values and restore confidence
  5. Increasing the standard of living of middle-class Americans

40.  In Korematsu v. U.S., the Supreme Court upheld the government’s practice of