module two: caring
Monica Janssen
Aspen University
Theory and Research
JAH62-7-17 N508
Dr. Hoilman
February 18, 2017
MODULE TWO: CARING1
module two: caring
Introduction
It is a known fact that nursing health care professionals, theorists, and scholars have a differentview of the interpretation of what caring in nursing is.Carin in nursing is an essential component of nursing practice and a necessity in health.
This paper'spurpose is to male a clear concept of caring in the field of nursing and makes use of the Walker and Avant outline framework to support this theory. One must first recognize the concept with its functions and the identify the attributes of caring. This paper will acknowledge the art of caring with its components and definethese. At last, the paper will recognize preliminary outcomes or consequences and describe the empirical knowledge of what caring is or should be.
The Definition of Caring
Caring is displaying kindness and concerns towards others.As defined in the dictionary, Felling and exhibiting concern and empathy for others. ( American Heritage Dictionary 2016) The framework of Avent and Walker(2008) is a guide for nurses for a better understanding for caring and the fundaments of it.Nurses have an understanding of caring with building relationships with patients be the use of empathetic approach, attentiveness, experience and sensitivity. Caring helps patients to decrease anxiety, and therefore it can be a start for communication between a caregiver and patient, client, family, etc. The personal knowledge and qualities of a nurse is necessary for a patient as well as interpersonal sensitivity that leads to protection, emotional support and the meeting of nio-psychi-social needs of a patient. Through caring, active communication takes place, providing information which reduces anxiety and leads to the breaking down barriers. This relationship helps protect the patients’ autonomy, dignity, and comfort. It requires experience on the part of the nurses, and the environment influences it. The nurses personal qualities ( what professional knowledge, attitudes, and skills one has),their availability, reliability and emotional as well as physical support are important to the patient. The concept of caring is content specific interpersonal process which is a character ofprofessional knowledge, skills, personal maturity and interpersonal sensitivity of nurses, which result in the protection, emotional support, and the meeting of bio-psych-social needs of patients. ( Lenka Drahosova, Darja Jarosova 2016) The core concept of clientis defined by the Jane Watson Theory of Human Caring and Human Science. Watsonsprincipals are relational caring for self and others that based on moral/ ethical and philosophical foundations of love and values, Transpersonal relationships by going beyond ego to higher spiritual caring that is created by caring moments. ( Watson 2008).
Antecedents is an event which occurs before the circumstances of a theory. The purpose is to improve the characteristics of the concept. Having awareness of the need of others as well as their need for help is an underlining cause of patients presented to the caregiver with different needs such as emotional, physical or psychological in caring.( Finfgiedl-Connett, 2008). When Caring takes place as it is intended to, the are outcomes that are the result of participation.
Module Case
A module case is a “real “life example of the use of a concept. (J. N. Mekwa, L.R.., Uys, M.V.Vermak 1992)Caring has a variety if aspects that are defined as an essential of the meaning of a concept( Avenat and Walker, 2011) This could be an action, attitude and a relationship.
Nurses start a relationship when they are in knowledge of the patient-nurse should provide a trusting relationship with a patient. As: a nurse is taking care of a patient with uncontrolled pain. The patient has received all the medications for pain control and still is rating the pain as an eleven when ten is considered the highest. The nurse cares for the patient by taking the statement of the patient as a fact and tries to find a resolution to the patients concern and which is satisfying and of help for the patient and their pain. The nurses shows empathy and concern of the patients needand this is the driver for the caregiver to implement the patients needs.( DelPezzo, 2009) When taking care of a patient, the nurse's duty is to have a positive attitude to be considered a caring person. A positive attitude can be interpretedas: being respectful, open minded, finding joy in what one is doing, being passionate, loving and attentive. In the case of the patient with uncontrolled pain,one can reflect on the nurses attitude in showing concern, providing empathy, listing and advocating with biased, The nurse approaches the patient each and every time with an active mind.
Borderline Case
A borderline case is an instance which contains some, but not all of the critical attributes of the concept being examined. According to Walker and Avant (1983). In the example of the nurse taking care of the patient, with uncontrolled pain, one could interpret a borderline case as the following: The is aware of that the patient will not receive the desired outcome of pain control due to the past medical history of chronic pain, narcotic abuse, and suffering seeking behavior. With this knowledge, the nurse continues to find a satisfying resolution for the patient.
Contrary Care
A country case is one that is certainly not an instance of the concept of analysis. Contrary careis inconsistent with being related, to be similar in some respects When it does not represent the idea of caring. (J.N. Mekwa, L.R. Uys and M.V. Vermaak 1998) In our example of the patient with uncontrolled pain, the nurse would approach the patient with a negative attitude and not show any empathy or concern of the patients needs. The nurse would not seek for a resolution of the issue. As: the nurse tells the patient:” There is nothing I can do for you, your pain will neverwill be controlled because you have been taking painkillers for no reason and this is what you get. Nothing is going to help you. You caused this to happen.”
Implications of nursing practice
Overcoming is a phenomenon that has yet to be sufficiently studied to provide a base for nursing knowledge. Analysis of the concept overcoming helps nurses design clinical interventions that promote the process, contributing to positive physical, psychological and environmental healthoutcomes. ( Gulteken, Brush, Baiardi, Krk,& lapides under review 2010)
As a nurse taking care of the patient, with pain, one would search for evidence-based articles of how to overcome uncontrolled pain. The nurse would incorporate the Watson theory of caring and with these findings and new reviewed information the nurse can provide accurate information to the patient, open a dialog, create a plan of care, educate the patient and set goals to achieve a desired outcome.
References
American Heritage Dictionary. (2016). InAmerican Heritage Dictionary, English Language(5th ed.). Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company.
Avant, K. C., & Walker, L. O. (2011). Strategies for theory construction in nursing (5th ed.). New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
DalPezzo, N. K. (2009). Nursing care: A concept analysis. Nursing Forum, 44(4). Retrieved from
Finfgeld- Connett, D. (2008). Qualitative comparison and synthesis of nursing presence and caring. International Journal of Nursing Terminologies and Classifications, 19 (3), 111- 119. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-618X.2008.00090.x
Gultekin L., Brush B.L., Baiardi J.M., Kirk K., Lapides S. Women ‘s Health & Urban Life. Voicesfrom the Street. Understanding the lived experiences of homeless African American mothers (under review)
Brush, B. L., Krik, K., Gultekin, L., & Baiardi, J. M. (2011). Overcoming A Concept Analysis.Nursing Forum,46(3), 160-168. doi:10.1111/j.1744-6198.2011.00227.x
Watson, J. (2009). Assessing and measuring caring in nursing and health sciences (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company, LLC