Domain: Number and Operations-Fractions Standard Code: 5NF1 Author Name: Jamie Beck and Allison Ferguson
Title of Task: Healthy School Lunch Menus
Adapted from: Smith, Margaret Schwan, Victoria Bill, and Elizabeth K. Hughes. “Thinking Through a Lesson Protocol: Successfully Implementing High-Level Tasks.”
Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School 14 (October 2008): 132-138.
PART 1: SELECTING AND SETTING UP A MATHEMATICAL TASKWhat are your mathematical goals for the lesson? (i.e., what do you want
students to know and understand about mathematics as a result of this lesson?) / Students will use various strategies to add fractions with unlike denominators.
· What are your expectations for students as they work on and complete this task?
· What resources or tools will students have to use in their work that will give them entry into, and help them reason through, the task?
· How will the students work—
independently, in small groups, or in pairs—to explore this task?
· How will students record and report their work? / Expectations: Students will create two healthy menu options for school lunch for the day, and then calculate the total amount of food in cups for each menu. Each menu must contain one serving of each: meat, fruit, vegetables, dairy and grains.
Resources/Tools: Students will have a variety of manipulatives (unifix cubes, fraction strips, fraction wheels, etc), paper/pencil, and student task sheet (see below).
Student Grouping: Students will work in pairs.
Record/Report Work: Students will record their work on the assignment sheet as well as presenting to the class.
How will you introduce students to the activity so as to provide access to all
students while maintaining the cognitive demands of the task? / Share News clip About Healthy School Lunch http://video.nytimes.com/video/2011/03/05/nyregion/100000000700483/citycritic-school-lunch.html
Introduce the concept of a creating healthy lunch menus & using the food pyramid. (see food pyramid below /website) http://www.choosemyplate.gov/images/MyPlateImages/JPG/myplate_green.jpg
Task Prompt: You will be creating two lunch menu options for school lunch. School lunch must contain: one serving of each of the following: meat, dairy, fruit, vegetable, and grain. The district then needs to know the total number of cups in each lunch menu.
Draw a model to show the total cups of food for each of your menus (make sure you define what represents 1 whole cup in your model). Then use an algorithm to show how you got the total cups of food.
PART 2: SUPPORTING STUDENTS’ EXPLORATION OF THE TASK
As students work independently or in small groups, what questions will you ask to—
· help a group get started or make progress on the task?
· focus students’ thinking on the
key mathematical ideas in the task?
· assess students’ understanding of
key mathematical ideas, problem- solving strategies, or the representations?
· advance students’ understanding
of the mathematical ideas? / Students will work with partners.
· Show me what you are thinking.
· Explain how you added the fractions.
· Would estimation of the cups before hand help or make it harder?
· What manipulatives or models could be used to represent the total amount of cups of food in your menu?
· Are there other ways to solve this problem?
· What model represents 1 whole cup?
· How can you represent the whole or the parts of the whole?
· Can you represent the problem using different manipulatives?
· Can the answer be shown in a different way?
How will you ensure that students remain engaged in the task?
· What assistance will you give or what questions will you ask a
student (or group) who becomes
quickly frustrated and requests more direction and guidance is
solving the task?
· What will you do if a student (or group) finishes the task almost
immediately? How will you
extend the task so as to provide additional challenge? / Assistance Questions:
· Do you see any patterns in the fractions?
· What can you build first? Why would you start there?
· Have more advanced students explain what they’ve done so far. (Partial Presentation)
· Suggest that finding the same sizes manipulatives (equivalent fractions/ common denominators) to solve the problem.
Extension Prompt:
Now you will create another menu, but this time you need to find a menu with no less than 3 cups of food, but no more than 4 cups. School lunch must still contain one serving of each: meat, diary, fruit, vegetable, and grains.
PART 3: SHARING AND DISCUSSING THE TASK
How will you orchestrate the class discussion so that you accomplish your mathematical goals?
· Which solution paths do you want to have shared during the
class discussion? In what order will the solutions be presented? Why?
· What specific questions will you ask so that students will—
1. make sense of the
mathematical ideas that you want them to learn?
2. expand on, debate, and question the solutions being shared?
3. make connections among the different strategies that are presented?
4. look for patterns?
5. begin to form generalizations?
What will you see or hear that lets you know that all students in the class
understand the mathematical ideas that
you intended for them to learn? / Students will use the student task sheet to show and explain their work.
Debrief- in order of that allows responses to increase in difficulty.
· Guess and check
· Finding easily equivalent fractions
· Manipulating the fractions to find common denominators
What did you do when you the fractions were different sized pieces/unlike denominators?
What did you do when the pieces created more than one whole?
How is your method similar or different than the other methods for determining the total number of cups?
What patterns do you see between the various methods?
Why would you need a common denominator/ same sized pieces when adding fractions?
Did you see any patterns that made adding fractions easier?
Lunchroom Menus: Menu #1 Group Names______
You will be creating two lunch menu options for school lunch. School lunch must contain: one serving of each of the following: meat, dairy, fruit, vegetable, and grain. The district then needs to know the total number of cups in each lunch menu.
Draw a model to show the total cups of food for each of your menus (make sure you define what represents 1 whole cup in your model). Then use an algorithm to show how you got the total cups of food.
Serving Size Various FoodsDairy Vegetables
Choc milk 1 cup Salad 7/8 cup
Milk 1 cup Carrots 3/5 cup
Beans 1/3 cup
Fruit Meat
Canned Peaches ½ cup Chicken nuggets 2/4 cup
Grapes 2/3 cup Hamburger 3/5 cup
Watermelon 4/6 cup Spaghetti with meat ¾ cup
Corn dog 3/6 cup
Grains
Roll ¾ cup
Spaghetti noodles 1 cup
Muffin 3/5 cup
Garlic Bread 4/6 cup / Menu 1
Total number of cups:
Draw a model to show the total cups of food for menu 1. / Use an algorithm to show how you got the total cups of food for menu 1.
Lunchroom Menus: Menu #2 Group Names______
You will be creating two lunch menu options for school lunch. School lunch must contain: one serving of each of the following: meat, dairy, fruit, vegetable, and grain. The district then needs to know the total number of cups in each lunch menu.
Draw a model to show the total cups of food for each of your menus (make sure you define what represents 1 whole cup in your model). Then use an algorithm to show how you got the total cups of food.
Serving Size Various FoodsDairy Vegetables
Choc milk 1 cup Salad 7/8 cup
Milk 1 cup Carrots 3/5 cup
Beans 1/3 cup
Fruit Meat
Canned Peaches ½ cup Chicken nuggets 2/4 cup
Grapes 2/3 cup Hamburger 3/5 cup
Watermelon 4/6 cup Spaghetti with meat ¾ cup
Corn dog 3/6 cup
Grains
Roll ¾ cup
Spaghetti noodles 1 cup
Muffin 3/5 cup
Garlic Bread 4/6 cup / Menu 2
Total number of cups:
Draw a model to show the total cups of food for menu 2. / Use an algorithm to show how you got the total cups of food for menu 2.
Extension: Group Names______
Now you will create another menu, but this time you need to find a menu with no less than 3 cups of food, but no more than 4 cups. School lunch must still contain one serving of each: meat, diary, fruit, vegetable, and grains.
Food ItemsServing size
Dairy Vegetables
Choc milk 1 cup Salad 7/8 cup
Milk 1 cup Carrots 3/5 cup
Beans 1/3 cup
Fruit Meat
Canned Peaches ½ cup Chicken nuggets 2/4 cup
Grapes 2/3 cup Hamburger 3/5 cup
Watermelon 4/6 cup Spaghetti with meat ¾ cup
Corn dog 3/6 cup
Grains
Roll ¾ cup
Spaghetti noodles 1 cup
Muffin 3/5 cup
Garlic Bread 4/6 cup / Menu
Total number of cups:
Draw a model to show the total cups of food for your menu. / Show an algorithm to show the total cups of food for your menu.