Instructor: Prof. Michael P. Harris Chapter 12
ITSC 1405 – Intro to PC Operating Systems Connectivity
Chapter 12
Connectivity
LECTURE NOTES
CHAPTER OUTLINE / TEACHING SUGGESTIONSChapter Overview
· The basic concepts of networking and the terminology used in networking will be introduced.
· Will learn how to create network connections to share resources.
· Will look at command line utilities to gather information about your network and perform other network-related tasks.
· How to map a drive on a network will be discussed and then a drive will be mapped.
· Will be introduced to the basic protocols of the Internet.
· How command line utilities can be used to troubleshoot and diagnosis problems will be discussed.
· Will learn how to connect to and navigate the Internet.
NETWORKS (LANS AND WANS)
· Networks (LANs and WANs)· LANs (local area network) – connected computers.
· Network has servers and clients.
· Server.
· Provides shared resources to network users.
· Resources such as printer/hard drive/file, etc.
· Client computer.
· Accesses the shared network resources provided by server.
· Resources – shared elements.
· Client/Server-based network.
· Serves more than 10 users.
· Security/other network functions provided by one computer (dedicated server).
· Function of dedicated server – provide network resources.
· Peer-to-peer network (workgroup).
· Fewer than 10 users.
· Has no dedicated server.
· No hierarchy among the computers.
· Each computer can function as client or server.
· Advantages to setting up network- see right column.
· WAN (wide area network).
· Computers use long-range telecommunication links (modems/satellites) to connect networked computers.
· Internet is a WAN.
· All networks need:
· NIC (network interface card) installed into each computer so that a LAN cable connecting all computers can be installed.
· Common network card – Ethernet.
· Older Pc – had ISA
· New PC have personal component interconnect – may not have ISDA
· Notebook have PCMCIA
· Card must fit bus architecture.
· Card must support type of cable used to connect computers.
· Can choose wireless network.
· No wires dedicated to carrying network signals
· Each computer has wireless network card
· Allows computer to communicate by radio waves, infrared, power wires in walls or by phone wires in home
· Consider appropriate network design (topology).
· Two common topologies for peer-to-peer network.
· Bus.
· Uses single coaxial cable.
· Called Thin Ethernet, 10BASE-2, thinnet.
· Need T-connectors/terminator plugs.
· All computers connect to a single cable.
· Advantages to bus topology.
· Easy to install.
· Relatively inexpensive.
· Easy to expand bus network.
· Disadvantage to bus topology.
· If 3 + computers on - but one segment of cable fails – entire network fails.
· Becoming less common.
· Star topology.
· Common for workgroup
· Uses a hub
· One end connected to hub other to a computer (Like spoke of bike wheel).
· Two major Ethernet speeds
· Original – 10 Mbps
· Fast – 100Mbps – most popular
· Advantage.
· Single point of failure.
· One defective cable affects only computer it connects to (unless hub affected).
· Each computer works - no network connection.
· Disadvantages.
· More expensive than bus – purchase additional hardware (hub).
· Expansion of network – may need additional hub if all connections used on existing hub.
· Wiring can become unwieldy – especially if you cannot run cable through walls.
· Can go wireless
· Wireless Ethernet standard – 802.11b
· Either topology can use networkable printer or any resource by connecting it directly to a cable or to a hub.
· Only computer using printer must be on
· Printer needs network interface card installed
· Most users prefer a hub.
· Get many ports – more than # or computers/devices
· Instead of hub – install switch
· Distributes info faster than hub
· May prefer router – combines hub and small computer providing Internet sharing
· Firewall – if using portable hard disks and video camera
· Server-based networks also need NOS (network operating system).
· Tells computers how to communicate with one another.
· For networking need hardware, software, and network administrator (system administrator).
· Decides how hardware and software will be used.
· Decides who will have access to what devices and resources on network.
· Manages day-to-day operation of hardware, network operating system, and resources of the network.
· Will use a peer-to-peer LAN with built-in networking software that comes with Windows.
LOOKING AT YOUR NETWORK
· Looking at Your Network.· When W2KP installed – detects network card and installs default components.
· Need to:
· Name computer (unique name).
· Setup program gives cryptic name for computer.
· May override and name computer yourself.
· Enter administrator password.
· Secure administrator password, write it down, and store it in safe place.
· Allows you to administer your computer.
· Each user needs log on name and password.
· My Network Places – map to network.
· Activities that follow based on specific computer configuration.
· Guide to accomplishing tasks on your system.
· Need to interpret screen.
· Read through if you do not have equivalent computer setup.
· See how to manipulate a peer-to-peer network.
· Most labs are on a server-based on peer-to-peer based network.
· May not have hardware, software, or support staff to allow activities to be done in lab.
· What you can/cannot do depends on lab or work environment.
ACTIVITY – LOOKING AT YOUR NETWORK
· Looking at your network.· Necessary software and hardware installed.
· Activity based on specific computer configuration (simple star topology – uses hub with 3 computers and 2 printers. Three printers part of BOOKBIZ workgroup.
First computer identified as Micron-pc and is running WXP.
Second identified as Dell-czg and is running W2KP.
Third identified as Dell 8100 (Dell-fp) and is running WMe.
One printer is simple inkjet printer (HP Deskjet 895 Cse) that cannot support a network card and is physically attached to Dell 8100 (Dell-fp).
Other Printer (HP Laser Jet4 Plus) does have a network card and is attached to hub as well as being physically attached to Micron-pc computer.
Your network will be different and thus display will be different.
· Activity steps.
· Click Start
· Right -click My Network Places
· Click Properties.
· Right-click Local Area Connection
· Click
· Properties
· Client for Microsoft Networks
· Install then Cancel
· Authentication tab then Advanced tab
· Cancel
· Close Network Connection window
· Click Start then Control Panel.
· Should be in Classic View
· Double-Click System icon
· Click
· Computer Name tab then Change
· Cancel (twice)
· Close Control Panel window
· All computers are on
· Sit at one computer in this case Micron-pc
· Click
· Start then My Network Places
· View workgroup computers then View
· Tiles
· Double-click Dell 8100 (Dell-fp)
· Close all open windows.
· Activity completed.
SHARING PRINTERS ON A NETWORK
· Sharing Printers on a Network· Two parts to sharing.
· Server.
· Computer with resources you wish to share.
· Client.
· Computer that wishes to access resources.
· In small network the print server is not dedicated only to printing.
· If you have more than one printer, each can be shared.
· To use printer, computer attached to printer must be turned on.
· Can choose to use printer locally - do not use the network
ACTIVITY—SHARING PRINTERS ON A NETWORK
· Sharing Printers on a Network· Activity based on a specific computer configuration.
· Activity steps.
· Use computer with printer physically attached to it (Ex. Dell8100-fp) running WMe
· Can run different OS on different computers on your network.
· Open My Computer/Control Panel/Printers folder
· Right-click printer you want to share (HP DeskJet895Cse)
· Click Sharing/Shared As button
· Key in: HP COLOR (or your computer's printer) then Click OK
· Note: may need Windows CD if printer driver not installed on client computer.
· Go to a client computer (here micron-pc).
· Open My Computer/Control Panel
· Double-click Printers and Faxes
· Right-click HP Laser Jet4 Plus
· Click Properties/Ports/Cancel
· Right-click HP Laser Jet 4 Plus Net icon
· Click Properties/Ports/Configure Port (if possible)/Cancel (twice)/Add a printer/Next/ A network printer or a printer attached to another computer/Next
· Browse for a printer selected
· Click Next then Double-click DELL-FP
· Select printer
· Click Next/No/Next/Finish
· Right-click HPCOLOR on Dell-FP Printer
· Click Properties/Ports/Cancel
· Close Printers window
· Activity completed.
SHARING A HARD DRIVE AND A FOLDER ON A NETWORK
· Sharing a Hard Drive and a folder on a Network· File server.
· Computer with drive that will be shared.
· Large network – often one computer is file server.
· Small network – usually no dedicated file server.
· Peer-to-peer network.
· Any computer can share its drive.
· Drive on server computer shared in same manner printer is shared.
· Can share entire drive or selected folders.
· Two steps.
· Set up drive of computer to be shared.
· Client computer accesses shared drive via My Network Neighborhood.
PERMISSIONS AND RIGHTS
· Permissions and Rights· In corporate or lab environment – local computer part of domain.
· Domain
· Administered by network administrator as a unit with common rules and procedures
· Includes access control
--Access control is security measure
· Using NTFS
· Can set permissions on files and folders –specify level of access for groups/users
· Users can be assigned to groups.
· Can assign permissions/rights to group
· Object created – owner assigned to it
· Owner of object can change permissions on that object.
· Objects inherit permissions – file within a file
· Using FAT32 file system
· Can provide some security on folders when shared on network
· Cannot assign permissions on a file-by-file basis as you can with NTFS
ACTIVITY—SHARING DRIVES ON A NETWORK
· Sharing Drives on a Network· Activity is based on specific computer configuration.
· Assumes using NTFS file system.
· Activity steps.
· Go to computer you wish to share (Micron-pc here)
· Click Start/My Network Places/View/ workgroup computers/View/Tiles
· Double-click Micron-pc
· Click View/Tiles/Back button
· Double-click Dell-czg computer icon
· Click Back button
· Double-click Dell 8100 (Dell-fp) icon
· Click View/Tiles
· Close My Network Places
· Open My Computer
· Click View/Tiles
· Right-click Drive C
· Click Sharing and Security/Cancel/Tools/ Folder Options/View tab
· Scroll to bottom of window
· Clear Use Simple file sharing (recommended)
· Click OK then Right-click Drive C
· Click Sharing and Security/New Share/ Permissions/Add button/Advanced button/Find Now/Cancel (three times)
· In Share Name text box key in Micron-C
· Click OK (twice) then Close My Computer
· Open My Network Places
· Click View workgroup computers
· Double-click Micron-pc
· Close My Network Places
· Go to client computer (Dell-czg- uses W2K P
· Double-click My Network Places icon/ Computers Near Me/Micron-pc icon
· If necessary in Connect as text box, key in Everyone then Click OK
· Double click Micron-C
· Click Back button twice
· Double-click Dell-czg computer
· Close My Network Places
· Open My Computer on the Dell
· Right-Click Drive C
· Click Sharing then New Share
· In Share name text box, key in Dell-czg-C
· Click OK twice then Close My Computer
· Open My Network Places
· Double-click Computers Near me/Dell-czg
· Close My Network Places
· Return to Micron-pc computer
· Open My Computer
· Right-click Drive C/Sharing and Security/ Sharing tab/down arrow in Share name drop down list box/Micron-C/Do not share this folder/Yes/OK/No
· Open Drive C
· Right-click WUGXP folder
· Click Sharing and Security/Share this folder/ Apply/OK
· Close all open windows
· Open My Network Places
· Click View workgroup computers
· Open Micron-pc computer
· Close all open windows
· Open My computer/DriveC/WUGXP folder
· Right-click ASTRO.TXT
· Click Properties/Security tab/Cancel/Tools/ Folder Options/View
· Set Use simple file sharing (Recommended)
· Click OK then Close all open windows.
· Activity completed.
USING NET COMMANDS
· Using Net Commands· See list of net command by keying in net help at the command line.
· For detailed help on a command use syntax net help command where command is specific command of interest.
· For brief help use net command /?
· Three net commands answer questions regarding network setup needed when seeking tech support.
· Most net commands can be used on peer-to-peer or domain based network.
· Some only meaningful on a server or domain based network.
ACTIVITY: GATHERING INFORMATION WITH THE NET COMMAND ON A DOMAIN
· Gathering Information with NET Command on a Domain· DATA disk in Drive A
· Activity Steps.
· Open Command Prompt window and make A:\ default drive/directory
· Key in
· NET CONFIG WORKSTATION
· NET CONFIG SERVER
· NET LOCALGROUP
· NET NAME
· NET USER
· NEW VIEW
· NET ACCOUNTS
· NET STATITSTICS WORKSTATION
· NET STATISTICS SERVER
· Activity Completed.
MAPPING DRIVES AND THE NET USE COMMAND
· Mapping Drives· Once drive/folder shared – can map a drive letter to shared drive or folder.
· Mapped drive.
· Shared Network drive or folder.
· Assigned a local drive letter.
· Mapped drive/folder.
· Appears as drive on client computers in Explorer/My Computer.
· Accessed from My Computer or command prompt by using assigned or mapped letter.
· NET USE
· Command line utility used to map drives
· Can be used at command line or in batch file.
· Connects/disconnects computer to shared resource
· Without options lists computer’s connections
· Used to set up network printer to act as a “local” printer
· Drive alias assigned with NETUSE may or may not be “persistent”
· Connections created may or may not remain in effect after shutting down computer.
· Place /YES or /NO at end of command
· /YES - all assignments made will be persistent
· /NO – Assignment temporary
ACTIVITY—USING THE NET USE COMMAND