Unit Two: Industry Transforms America (1860-1900)
Chapter 6 Learning Objectives
Directions: Answer each of the numbered questions thoroughly and in outline format. Make sure to copy the general Learning Objectives (A, B, C, etc.) as well as the specific numbered questions. Clearly distinguish your answer from the question and please keep the outline format when answering the question. For example, if answering question #1, your answer(s) should be written as a., b., c. etc. Remember, outlines always go number, letter, number, letter. Lastly, please reread your notes from the section then, at the bottom of your homework, summarize, in one paragraph, emphasizing what you learned and what you think are the most important points.
Chapter 6 Learning Objectives
- The Expansion of Industry
- Explain how the abundance of natural resources, new recovery and refining methods, and new uses for them led to intensive industrialization.
- What led to the nation’s oil boom?
- What was the Bessemer process and how did it fuel steel production?
- What were some of the new uses in the United States for steel?
- Identify inventions that changed the way people lived and worked.
- How did the harnessing of electricity transform American business?
- How did new inventions and products affect people at home and work?
- The Age of the Railroads
- Identify the role of the railroads in unifying the country.
- How did the government further the expansion of the railroads?
- What were the positive and negative aspects of railroad expansion?
- How did railroad time work and what was the remedy for this problem?
- List positive and negative effects of railroads on the nation’s economy?
- How did the growth of railroad lines promote the growth of cities and trade?
- How did Pullman change the railroad industry both in terms of his product and treatment of workers?
- What was the Credit Mobilier scandal?
- Summarize the causes and effects of the demand for railroad reform.
- Why were farmers angry at railroad companies?
- How did Granger laws help farmers?
- What was the Interstate Commerce Act and why was it significant?
Chapter 5 Sec. 3 Learning Objectives
- Farmers and the Populist Movement
- Identify the problems farmers faced and their cooperative efforts to solve them.
- What economic problems did many farmers face during the late 1800s?
- How did farmers try to address their problems and grievances?
- Explain the rise and fall of the Populist Party.
- What reforms did the Populist Party promote?
- What were the causes and effects of the Panic of 1893?
- What was the central issue of the 1896 presidential campaign and why?
4. Why did the Populist movement collapse?
Chapter 6 Learning Objectives
- Big Business and Labor
- Identify management and business strategies that contributed to the success of business tycoons such as Andre Carnegie.
- What business did Andrew Carnegie dominate?
- What was the difference between vertical integration and horizontal integration?
- Explain Social Darwinism and its effects on society.
- What does the theory of Social Darwinism promote?
- What methods did ruthless business operators use to eliminate their competition?
- What step did the government take to reduce the power of large corporations and why?
- Why did the nation’s business boom bypass the South?
- Summarize the emergence and growth of unions.
- What conditions did many factory workers face in the late 19th century?
- What did labor unions advocate?
- When were the first unions formed, by who, what did they want and who were their members?
- What were the differences between the 3 types of unions that emerged during the nation’s industrial boom?
- What type of unions formed locally during this time period?
- Explain the violent reactions of industry and government to union strikes.
- What were the reasons for the various strikes during the late 19th century?
- What role did women play in the labor movement?
- How did management and the government react to union activity?