APUSH - Period 2 Guided Notes Name ______

Main Idea:Europeans and American Indians maneuvered and fought for dominance, control, and security in North America, and distinctive colonial and native societies emerged.

Why 1607? / Why 1754?
Key Concepts (1607 to 1754) / Supporting Evidence
Europeans developed a variety of colonization and migration patterns, influenced by different imperial goals, cultures, and the varied North American environments where they settled, and they competed with each other and American Indians for resources. (2.1)
The British colonies participated in political, social, cultural, and economic exchanges with Great Britain that encouraged both stronger bonds with Britain and resistance to Britain’s control. (2.2)
European colonization efforts in North America stimulated intercultural contact and intensified conflict between the various groups of colonizers and native peoples. (2.3)

European Imperial Goals

Spanish:

•______

______

Dutch and French:

•______

English:

•Colonies heavily relied on ______(tobacco - ______)

•many men and women ______, often hostile relationships with Natives

British Colonies

British colonists rarely ______with Natives and Africans

•______social hierarchy developed

Emergence of the Atlantic Slave Trade was caused by:

•Racial superiority, lack of ______(post-______in 1676), Natives were harder to enslave, and European demand for goods

Impacts of African Slavery?

•Desire for more ______

•Africans used ______(passive) and overt forms of ______

New England:

•______that sought to establish a like-minded

(______) community

•Mixed economy - agriculture and trade

•Longer life-expectancy, more ______

Middle Colonies:

• ______

• Crops - cereal (grains)

Atlantic seaboard (South Carolina) and West Indies:

•______

______

•Staple crops - ______

______often made up most of the population

European Conflicts in the Americas

Colonies focused on goods that were valued in Europe (______)

Colonists had different goals than European leaders:

•Helped promote mistrust

•Colonists were upset over ______

European and Native Clashes

______ravaged Native communities

Pueblo Revolt (1680):

  • Spanish sought to suppress Native practices inconsistent with ______
  • Pueblos revolted, expelled the Spanish for over 10 years
  • The Spanish regained control, advocated the religious ______of Natives

Native American Warfare:

  • Became more destructive due to:
  • ______

Impacts of Exchanges on North America

  • Exchange of European and New World goods increased significantly
  • ______, etc.
  • Anglicization of the British colonies:
  • ______,

Protestant evangelism, ______, etc.

British-Colonial Relations

Similar laws, cultures, institutions, and government developed within the British colonies

Britain sought mercantilist policies:

  • Making ______for the Mother country
  • However, this was not always successful:
  • Colonial resistance - ______
  • Britain’s policy of ______
  • Colonial arguments for resistance?
  • Self-government, lack of ______
  • Enlightenment ideas - ______
  • Religious ______- less importance of Anglican Church
  • Perceived ______in British imperial system

Colonies / Politics / Economy / Social
New England
Middle Colonies
Chesapeake
Southern

Short Answer Question

Be sure to answer all 3 parts in at least 2-3 sentences. The African Slave Trade increased drastically in the 17th and 18th centuries.

  1. Briefly explain one reason for the emergence of the Atlantic Slave Trade.
  1. Briefly explain another reason for the emergence of the Atlantic Slave Trade.
  1. Briefly explain one way African slaves resisted the dehumanizing aspects of slavery.

Long-Essay Question

Compare and contrast the role of religion in the founding of the Spanish colonies in the 16th century with that of the English colonies in the 17th century.

Spanish colonies / BOTH / English colonies
Thesis: