Anatomy & Physiology
Bones (II) – Appendicular Skeleton
DIRECTIONS: The following include structures you will be asked to identify on models and diagrams for the Appendicular skeleton. Quiz each other to help you in identifying the different bones and markings. I recommend you start by learning the names of the large bones, and then begin learning the markings of each bone. You should also know the general functions of the structures.
MAJOR BONES:
• Clavicle
• Ulna
• Scapula
• Radius
• Humerus
• Carpals
•Femur
• Tibia
• Fibula
•Tarsals
• Coxal Bone (Pelvic Girdle)
• Metacarpals (know numbering system)
• Phalanges (know numbering system)
• Metatarsals (know numbering system)
• Phalanges (know numbering system)
CLAVICLE
• Acromial extremity
• Costal tuberosity
SCAPULA (Be able to distinguish right from left)
• Spine
• Acromion process
• Lateral border of scapula
• Subscapular fossa
• Superior angle
• Infraspinous fossa
• Coracoid process
• Glenoid cavity
• Medial border of scapula
• Superior border
• Inferior angle
• Supraspinous fossa
HUMERUS (Be able to distinguish right from left)
• Anatomical neck
• Capitulum
• Deltoid tuberosity
• Head of humerus
• Olecranon fossa
• Medial epicondyle
• Lesser tubercle
• Body of humerus
• Coronoid fossa
• Greater tubercle
• Surgical neck of humerus
• Lateral epicondyle
• Trochlea
ULNA
• Coronoid process
• Olecranon
• Trochlear notch
• Radial notch
• Head of ulna
• Styloid process of ulna
• Ulnar tuberosity
RADIUS
• Head of radius
• Neck of radius
• Ulnar notch of radius
• Radial tuberosity
• Styloid process of radius
HAND
• Carpals
• Metacarpals
~Base, shaft, and head of bone
• Phalanges (I, II, III, IV, V)
~Proximal, Middle, and Distal phalanges
PELVIS (COXAL BONES) Be able to distinguish right from left
• Acetabulum
• Ilium
- Iliac crest
- Auricular surface
- Greater sciatic notch
- Iliac fossa
- Anterior superior iliac spine
- Posterior superior iliac spine
- Posterior inferior iliac spine
• Ischium
- Ischial spine
- Ischial tuberosity
- Lesser sciatic notch
- Obturator foramen
- Ramus of ischium
• Greater (false) pelvis
• Pelvic brim
• Pubis
- Pubic crest
- Pubis symphysis
- Pubis arch
- Inferior ramus
- Superior ramus
FEMUR Be able to distinguish right from left
• Body of femur
• Head of femur
• Intertrochanter line
• Lateral epicondyle
• Medial epicondyle
• Neck of femur
• Greater trochanter
• Intercondylar fossa
• Lateral condyle
• Linea aspera
• Medial condyle
TIBIA (Shinbone) – “The tibia is not tiny”
• Fibular notch
• Medial condyle
• Medial malleolus
• Lateral condyle
• Anterior crest
• Tibial tuberosity
FIBULA
• Head of fibula
• Lateral malleolus