Supplementary Material: References of Excluded Studies Which Might Have Potentially Provided

Supplementary material: references of excluded studies which might have potentially provided data on chronic atrophic gastritis incidence and its potential risk factors

I. Studies in which there was an absence of data on chronic atrophic gastritis or on the incidence of chronic atrophic gastritis.

1.Sun LP, Gong YH, Wang L, Gong W, Yuan Y. Follow-up study on a high risk population of gastric cancer in north China by serum pepsinogen assay. J Dig Dis 2008;9:20-6.

2. Mitani K, Tatsuta M, Iishi H, Yano H, Uedo N, Iseki K, Narahara H. Helicobacter pylori infection as a risk factor for gastric ulceration. Hepatogastroenterology 2004;51:309-12.

3. Amrani N, Kanouni N, Bennani M, Serraj I. Helicobacter pylori eradication: Which first intention tri-therapy?. [French, English]. Acta Endoscopica.33(3),2003. 2003:371-375.

4. El-Zimaity HM, Graham DY, Genta RM, Lechago J. Sustained increase in gastric antral epithelial cell proliferation despite cure of Helicobacter pylori infection. Am J Gastroenterol 2000;95:930-5.

5. Brmbolic B, Bogdanov M, Dordevic M, Stojsic Z, Laban A. Triple therapy of Helicobacter pylori infection. A 24-month follow-up study of 76 patients. Archives of Gastroenterohepatology;15(3):92-94, 1996.Date of Publication: 1996. 1996:92-94.

6. Miehlke S, Bayerdorffer E, Lehn N, Mannes GA, Hochter W, Weingart J, Sommer A, Heldwein W, Muller-Lissner S, Bastlein E, et al. Recurrence of duodenal ulcers during five years of follow-up after cure of Helicobacter pylori infection. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1995;7:975-8.

7. Debongnie JC, Donnay M, Mairesse J. Helicobacter pylori: 200 patients with a follow-up of 5 years. An observation endoscopic study. Acta Gastroenterol Belg 1995;58:35-42.

8. Creutzfeldt W, Lamberts R. Inter-relationship between serum gastrin levels, gastric mucosal histology and gastric endocrine cell growth. Digestion 1992;51 Suppl 1:76-81.

II. Studies with data on prevalence of chronic atrophic gastritis rather than incidence.

1. Lindsetmo RO, Eide TJ, Johnsen R, Revhaug A. Helicobacter pylori-induced damage to the gastric mucosa is not modulated by previous vagotomy or medical treatment of peptic ulcer disease: a comparative study of vagotomized patients, medically treated peptic ulcer patients and community control subjects. World J Surg 2008;32:2267-74.

2.Kuipers EJ, Nelis GF, Klinkenberg-Knol EC, Snel P, Goldfain D, Kolkman JJ, Festen HP, Dent J, Zeitoun P, Havu N, Lamm M, Walan A. Cure of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with reflux oesophagitis treated with long term omeprazole reverses gastritis without exacerbation of reflux disease: results of a randomised controlled trial. Gut 2004;53:12-20.

3. Heikkinen M, Vornanen M, Hollmen S, Farkkila M. Prognostic significance of antrum-predominant gastritis in functional dyspepsia. Scand J Gastroenterol 2004;39:227-31.

4.Befrits R, Sjostedt S, Tour R, Leijonmarck CE, Hedenborg L, Backman M. Long-term effects of eradication of Helicobacter pylori on relapse and histology in gastric ulcer patients: a two-year follow-up study. Scand J Gastroenterol 2004;39:1066-72.

5. Zhou L, Sung JJY, Lin S, Jin Z, Ding S, Huang X, Xia Z, Guo H, Liu J, Chao W. A five-year follow-up study on the pathological changes of gastric mucosa after H. pylori eradication. Chinese Med J 2003;116(1):11-14. 2003:11-14.

6. Sheu BS, Yang HB, Sheu SM, Huang AH, Wu JJ. Higher gastric cycloxygenase-2 expression and precancerous change in Helicobacter pylori-infected relatives of gastric cancer patients. Clin Cancer Res 2003;9:5245-51.

7. Manabe N, Yoshihara M, Sasaki A, Tanaka S, Haruma K, Chayama K. Clinical characteristics and natural history of patients with low-grade reflux esophagitis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2002;17:949-54.

8. Geboes K, Dekker W, Mulder CJ, Nusteling K. Long-term lansoprazole treatment for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: clinical efficacy and influence on gastric mucosa. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2001;15:1819-26.

9. Eissele R, Brunner G, Simon B, Solcia E, Arnold R. Gastric mucosa during treatment with lansoprazole: Helicobacter pylori is a risk factor for argyrophil cell hyperplasia. Gastroenterology 1997;112:707-17.

10. Laszewicz W, Gabryelewicz A, Sipponen P, Suirala M. Helicobacter pylori infestation in gastric ulcer disease: follow-up of patients who did not recieve antimicrobial treatment. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1994;6:733-737.

11.Peetsalu A, Maaroos HI, Sipponen P, Peetsalu M. Long-term effect of vagotomy on gastric mucosa and Helicobacter pylori in duodenal ulcer patients. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl 1991;186:77-83.

12.Sipponen P, Varis K, Fraki O, Korri UM, Seppala K, Siurala M. Cumulative 10-year risk of symptomatic duodenal and gastric ulcer in patients with or without chronic gastritis. A clinical follow-up study of 454 outpatients. Scand J Gastroenterol 1990;25:966-73.

13.Kohli Y, Kato T, Suzuki K, Tada T, Fujiki N. Incidence of atrophic gastritis with age in Japan and Canada. Jpn J Med 1987;26:158-61.

14.Rollag A, Jacobsen CD. Gastric ulcer and risk of cancer. A five-year follow-up study. Acta Med Scand 1984;216:105-9.

15. Satija VK, Joseph S, Cowan B. The gastric acidity and the incidence of chronic atrophic gastritis in normal subjects and in patients with duodenal ulcer and non-ulcer dyspepsia. J Assoc Physicians India 1968;16:335-6.

III. Studies in which mean scores or grades of gastritis were used to estimate chronic atrophic gastritis.

1.Singh S, Bansal A, Puli S, Wani S, Mathur S, Rastogi A, Sharma P. Effect of proton pump inhibitor therapy on inflammatory changes in the gastric cardia (carditis). Dig Dis Sci 2007;52:2178-82.

2.Toljamo KT, Niemela SE, Karvonen AL, Karttunen TJ. Evolution of gastritis in patients with gastric erosions. Scand J Gastroenterol 2005;40:1275-83.

3.Karita M, Teramukai S, Matsumoto S, Shibuta H. Intracellular VacA is a valuable marker to predict whether Helicobacter pylori induces progressive atrophic gastritis that is associated with the development of gastric cancer. Dig Dis Sci 2005;50:56-64.

4.Kamada T, Hata J, Kusunoki H, Sugiu K, Ito M, Tanaka S, Kawamura Y, Chayama K, Haruma K. Effect of long-term half-dose famotidine therapy on corpus gastritis in peptic ulcer disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2005;21 Suppl 2:99-104.

5.Bardhan KD, Bishop AE, Polak JM, Romanska HM, Rowland A, Thompson M, Morris P, Schaefer-Preuss S, Luehmann R, McCaldin B. Pantoprazole in severe acid-peptic disease: the effectiveness and safety of 5 years' continuous treatment. Dig Liver Dis 2005;37:10-22.

6.Wambura C, Aoyama N, Shirasaka D, Kuroda K, Maekawa S, Ebara S, Watanabe Y, Tamura T, Kasuga M. Influence of gastritis on cyclooxygenase-2 expression before and after eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004;16:969-79.

7.Karita M, Noriyasu A, Teramukai S, Matsumoto S. Atrophic progression induced by H. pylori infection is correlated with a changing pepsinogen I value and associated with the development of gastric cancer. Dig Dis Sci 2004;49:1615-20.

8.Muller H, Rappel S, Wundisch T, Bayerdorffer E, Stolte M. Healing of active, non-atrophic autoimmune gastritis by H. pylori eradication. Digestion 2001;64:30-9.

9. Uemura N, Okamoto S, Yamamoto S, Matsumura N, Yamaguchi S, Mashiba H, Sasaki N, Taniyama K. Changes in Helicobacter pylori-induced gastritis in the antrum and corpus during long-term acid-suppressive treatment in Japan. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000;14:1345-52.

10.Hamada H, Haruma K, Mihara M, Kamada T, Yoshihara M, Sumii K, Kajiyama G, Kawanishi M. High incidence of reflux oesophagitis after eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori: impacts of hiatal hernia and corpus gastritis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000;14:729-35.

11. Niemela S, Karttunen T, Kerola T. Chronic gastritis in patients with gastric ulcer; a 10-year follow-up. Scand J Gastroenterol 1995;30:428-33.

12.Niemela S, Karttunen T, Kerola T. Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis. Evolution of histologic changes over 10 years. Scand J Gastroenterol 1995;30:542-9.

13.Bayerdorffer E, Miehlke S, Lehn N, Mannes GA, Sommer A, Hochter W, Hatz R, Stolte M. Chronic type B gastritis as an important denominator of peptic ulcer healing. Eur J Gastroen Hepat.5, 1993. 1993:S99-S105.

14.Watt PC, Sloan JM, Kennedy TL. Changes in gastric mucosa after vagotomy and gastrojejunostomy for duodenal ulcer. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1983;287:1407-10.

IV. Studies with less than 15 study participants.

1. Bresky G, Mata A, Llach J, Ginis MA, Pellisi M, Soria MT, Fernandez-Esparrach G, Mondelo F, Bordas JM. Endoscopic findings in a biennial follow-up program in patients with pernicious anemia. Hepatogastroenterology 2003;50:2264-6.

2. Tran T, Hung P, Laucirica R, Hilal RE, Goodgame RW. The clinical significance of thickened gastric folds found on upper gastrointestinal series. J Clin Gastroenterol 2002;35:138-43.

3. Sakaki N, Kozawa H, Egawa N, Tu Y, Sanaka M. Ten-year prospective follow-up study on the relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and progression of atrophic gastritis, particularly assessed by endoscopic findings. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2002;16 Suppl 2:198-203.

4. Yachida S, Saito D, Kozu T, Gotoda T, Inui T, Fujishiro M, Oda I, Okabayashi T, Kakugawa Y, Ono H, Kondo H. Endoscopically demonstrable esophageal changes after Helicobacter pylori eradication in patients with gastric disease. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2001;16:1346-52.

5. Carratu R, Iuliano D, Iovene MR, Ferraraccio F, Esposito P, Russo MI, Montella F, Abbate G, Tufano MA. Peptic ulcer occurrence in follow-up of chronic gastritis in patients with treated and not eradicated CagA-positive Helicobacter pylori infection. Dig Dis Sci 2001;46:581-6.

6. McFarlane GA, Wyatt J, Forman D, Lachlan GW. Trends over time in Helicobacter pylori gastritis in Kenya. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2000;12:617-21.

7. Tham TC, Sloan JM, Collins JS. Long-term semi-quantitative follow-up of Helicobacter pylori associated gastritis. Ir J Med Sci 1997;166:132-4.

8.Kohli Y, Kato T, Ito S. Helicobacter pylori an chronic atrophic gastritis. J Gastroenterol 1994;29 Suppl 7:105-9.

V. Other reasons.

- All study participants had either chronic gastritis or chronic atrophic gastritis at baseline.

1.Akcam M, Artan R, Gelen T, Yilmaz A, Eren E, Uygun V, Cig H. Long-term aspects of nodular gastritis in children. Pediatr Int 2007;49:220-5.

- Incidence of chronic atrophic gastritis was based on biopsies and not by study participants.

2.Ormiston MC, Gear MW, Codling BW. Five year follow-up study of gastritis. J Clin Pathol 1982;35:757-60.

- Incidence of chronic atrophic gastritis and metaplasia or either of them was grouped together.

3.Jaskiewicz K, Louw JA, Marks IN. Long-term histologic consequences of suppression/eradication of Helicobacter pylori in antral mucosa. Eur J Gastroen Hepat 1993;5:701-705.

- No mean follow-up time could be estimated.

4.Solcia E, Fiocca R, Havu N, Dalvag A, Carlsson R. Gastric endocrine cells and gastritis in patients receiving long-term omeprazole treatment. Digestion 1992;51 Suppl 1:82-92.

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