Keown et. al, Foundations of Finance, 4/e

Detailed Table of Contents

About the Authors

Preface

PART ONE The Scope and Environment of Financial Management 1

Chapter 1 An Introduction to the Foundations of Financial Management—

The Ties That Bind 3

Goal of the Firm 4

Legal Forms of Business Organization 5

Federal Income Taxation 9

Impact of the Tragedies of September 11th on Corporate

Finance 14

Ten Principles That Form the Foundations if Financial

Management 15

Finance and the Multinational Firm: The New Role 24

Chapter 2 The Financial Markets and Interest Rates 31

The Financial Manager, Internal and External Funds, and

Flexibility 34

The Mix of Corporate Securities Sold in the Capital Market 36

Why Financial Markets Exist 37

Financing of Business: The Movement of Funds Through

the Economy 39

Components of the U.S. Financial Market System 41

The Investment Banker 45

Private Placements 48

Flotation Costs 50

Rates of Return in the Financial Markets 53

Interest Rate Levels over Recent Periods 55

Interest Rate Determinants in a Nutshell 57
The Term Structure of Interest Rates 61

Finance and the Multinational Firm: Efficient Financial

Markets and Intercountry Risk 65

Chapter 3 Understanding Financial Statements and Cast Flows 71

Income Statement 73

Balance Sheet 76

Measuring Cash Flows 82

Finance and the Multinational Firm: Financial Statements and

International Finance 88

Chapter 4 Evaluating a Firm’s Financial Performance 103

Financial Ratio Anaylsis 104

The DuPont Analysis: An Integrative Approach to Ratio Analysis 117

Limitations of Ratio Analysis 120

Firm Performance and Shareholder Value 121

PART TWO Valuation of Financial Assets 133

Chapter 5 The Time Value of Money 135

Compound Interest and Future Value 136

Present Value 143

Annuities 146

Annuities Due 151

Compound Interest with Nonannual Periods 154

Present Value of an Uneven Stream 156

The Multinational Firm: The Time Value of Money 158

Chapter 6 The Meaning and Measurement of Risk and Return 167

Expected Return Defined and Measured 168

Risk Defined and Measured 170

Rates of Return: The Investor’s Experience 173

Risk and Diversification 174

The Investor’s Required Rate of Return 185

Chapter 7 Valuation and Characteristics of Bonds 199

Types of Bonds 200

Terminology and Characteristics of Bonds 203

Definitions of Value 205

Determinants of Value 208

Valuation: The Basic Process 209

Bond Valuation 209

The Bondholder’s Expected Rate of Return (Yield to Maturity) 213

Bond Valuation: Three Important Relationships 214

Chapter 8 Valuation and Characteristics of Stock 223

Features of Preferred Stock 224

Valuing Preferred Stock 226

Features or Characteristics of Common Stock 228

Valuing Common Stock 231

The Stockholder’s Expected Rate of Return 238

PART THREE Investment in Long-Term Assets 247

Chapter 9 Capital-Budgeting Techniques and Practice 249

Finding Profitable Projects 250

Capital-Budgeting Decision Criteria 251

Capital Rationing 261

Problems in Project Ranking: Capital Rationing, Mutually Exclusive

Projects, and Problems with the IRR 263

Ethics in Capital Budgeting 268

A Glance at Actual Capital-Budgeting Practices 268

Finance and the Multinational Firm: Capital Budgeting 269

Chapter 10 Cash Flows and Other Topics in Capital Budgeting 279

Guidelines for Capital Budgeting 280

An Overview of the Calculations of a Project’s Free Cash Flows 283

Options in Capital Budgeting 292

Risk and the Investment Decision 294

Incorporating Risk into Capital Budgeting 296

Examining a Project’s Risk Through Simulation 300

Finance and the Multinational Firm: Calculating Cash Flows and

the International Dimension of Risk 303

Chapter 11 Cost of Capital 311

The Cost of Capital: Key Definitions and Concepts Investor

Opportunity Costs, Required Rate of Return, and the Cost of Capital 312

Determining Individual Costs of Capital 313

The Weighted Average Cost of Capital 321

Calculating Divisional Costs of Capital: Pepsico, Inc. 324

Using a Firm’s Cost of Capital to Evaluate New Capital Investments 327

Shareholder Value-Based Management 328
Finance and the Multinational Firm: Why Do Interest Rates Differ

Between Countries 333

PART FOUR Capital Structure and Dividend Policy 345

Chapter 12 Determining the Financing Mix 347

Business and Financial Risk 348

Break-Even Analysis 350

Operating Leverage 356

Financial Leverage 359

Combination of Operating and Financial Leverage 362

Planning the Financing Mix 365

A Quick Look at Capital Structure Theory 367

Moderate View: Saucer-Shaped Cost of Capital Curve 371

Firm Value and Agency Costs 372

Basic Tools of Capital Structure Management 376

A Glance at Actual Capital Structure Management 382

Finance and the Multinational Firm: Business Risk and Global

Sales 384

Chapter 13 Dividend Policy and Internal Financing 393

Key Terms 394

Does Dividend Policy Affect Stock Price? 395

The Dividend Decision in Practice 404

Alternative Dividend Policies 406

Dividend Payment Procedures 408

Stock Dividends and Stock Splits 408

Stock Repurchases 411

Finance and the Multinational Firm: The Case of Low Dividend

Payments; So Where Do We Invest? 414

PART FIVE Working Capital Management and International Business Finance 423

Chapter 14 Short-Term Financial Planning 425

Financing Forecasting 426

The Sustainable Rate of Growth 431

Limitations of the Percent of Sales Forecast Method 432

The Cash Budget 435

Chapter 15 Working-Capital Management 447

Managing Current Assets and Liabilities 448

Appropriate Level of Working Capital 450

Estimation of the Cost of Short-Term Credit Approximate

Cost-of-Credit Formula 452

Sources of Short-Term Credit 453

Multinational Working-Capital Management 461

Chapter 16 Current Asset Management 469

Why a Company Holds Cash 470

Cash Management Objectives and Decisions Risk-Return Trade-off 472

Collection and Disbursement Procedures 473

Evaluation of Costs of Cash Management Services 479

Composition of Marketable-Securities Portfolio 480

Accounts-Receivable Management 486

Inventory Management 489

Chapter 17 International Business Finance 503

The Globalization of Product and Financial Markets 504

Exchange Rates 505

Interest-Rate Parity Theory 512

Purchasing-Power Parity Theory 513

Exposure to Exchange Rate Risk 515

Multinational Working-Capital Management 518

International Financing and Capital Structure Decisions 519

Direct Foreign Investment 521

Appendixes

Appendix A: Using a Calculator

Appendix B: Compound Sum of $1

Appendix C: Present Value of $1

Appendix D: Sum of an Annuity of $1 for n Periods

Appendix E: Present Value of an Annuity of $1 for n Periods

Appendix F: Check Figures for Selected End-of-Chapter

Glossary

Index