Antonin Artaud Tournament of Cruelty
August 11, 2001
Round 12 Tossups
1. Examples include Welwitschia mirabilis, a Namibian plant that consists of two strap like leaves continuously generated from meristems at their base and the American Ephedra, also known as Mormon tea. First distinguished in 1825 by Robert Brown, in them, the immature male gametes land directly on the ovules, which contain the immature female gametes, rather than on elements of a flower. For 10 points, name this grouping of plants that includes Ginkgoes, cycads, and conifers, named because of their “naked seeds.”
answer: Gymnosperms
2. It has only been called by its current name, meaning "region of the Northern Sea," since 1869, before which it was called Yezo. It now has only about 16,000 of the aboriginal people who once inhabited all the islands that make up its country, but in 1800 the majority of its people were still Ainu. Hakodate on the Tusgaru Strait and the ski resort of Sapporo are main cities of, for 10 points, what northernmost of Japan's home islands?
answer: Hokkaido
3. The character of William M. Weed is obviously based upon the real-life Boss Tweed. Senator Dilworthy attempts to get an appropriation bill passed in Congress that will turn a farm into a freedmen’s university. The adopted daughter of Squire “Si” Hawkins, goes to Washington to try to get the bill passed, but is forced to kill a would-be suitor, Colonel Shelby. In the end, Laura is acquitted of all crimes. A sequel to it was written with William Dean Howells as a play and later a novel, titled The American Claimant. For 10 points, name this novel in which Charles Warner and Mark Twain created the character of Colonel Beriah Sellers.
answer: The Gilded Age
4. Some of his critical studies include "The Purloined Poe," and "Desire and Interpretation of Desire in Hamlet." An amusing moment in a work of his is an attempt to link the square root of negative one to a phallus. Central in his ideas is the concept of the Mirror stage in childhood development and his challenging of traditional notions of authority in sexual life, in his essays "On Feminine Sexuality." Known for asserting that the unconscious is structured like a language, he uttered “Where I think ‘I think, therefore I am’, that is where I am not.” For 10 points, identify this crazy French psychologist known in America for his work Ecrits [ay-CREE].
answer: Jacques Lacan
5. Its best military strategist, the Bishop of Langres, created a plan to divert the waters from Constantinople and take the city by siege, but the army passed into Asia before it became necessary. Arising in the Empire from an incident at Speyer, the French were aroused at VŽzelay and blessed by Eugenius III to make the long trek following the fall of Edessa and the requests of Prince Raymond in Antioch. For 10 points, name this Crusade of Conrad III and Louis VII, most notable for the popular support stirred up by Bernard of Clairvaux.
answer: Second Crusade
6. Because of a reference in his poem, “Tears to Thamysis”, it is known that he was educated at Westminster. In 1627 he was a chaplain to the unlucky expedition to the Isle of Rhe. He died unmarried, but wrote erotic poetry to a woman named Julia. Swinburne called him England’s greatest song-writer, and the 17th-century English composer Henry Lawes set some of his songs to music. His religious poetry was collected in "His Noble Numbers," which is contained in a larger collection, Hesperides. For 10 points, identify this Cavalier poet of “To Daffodils”, “The Vine”, and “To the Virgins, to Make Much of Time.”
answer: Robert Herrick
7. Its political importance increased under the leadership of Mahmoud Riad, the third secretary-general, who was preceded by Abdul-Razzaq Azzam and Abdul-Khaleq Hassouna. Moving its headquarters to Tunisia from Egypt after the 1979 Egypt-Israeli peace agreement, the main offices moved back to Cairo in 1990. Originally consisting of seven states, the number has now reached 22, the most recently admitted being the Comoros in 1993. For 10 points, name this organization of Middle Eastern states, founded in Cairo in 1945.
answer: Arab League or League of Arab States
8. A student of both Hilbert, Russell and Hardy, his work on generalized harmonic analysis and Tauberian theorems won him the Bocher prize in 1933. In his work, God and Golem, Inc. he theorized about a world where man’s creation triumphed over man. Conceiving of the universe as a large feedback system subject to the advance of entropy, he is also known for giving the first rigorous account of Brownian motion in 1923. In his most famous work, he wrote that the origin of its title comes from the Greek word for steersman. FTP, identify this mathematician, the founder of cybernetics, who Dave Hamilton surely does not lick.
answer: Norbert Wiener
9. Becoming well known as the editor of the Magazine of Botany, he was also the author the Horticultural Registry and A Practical Treatise on the Culture of the Dahlia. He was originally a gardener employed by the Duke of Devonshire whose friend and advisor he became. Later he built the conservatory for the Duke’s Derbyshire estate and the lily house for the duke’s Victoria regia. For 10 points, name this gardener-turned-engineer who designed the greatest hot house of the century, the Crystal Palace for the Great Exhibition of 1851.
answer: Joseph Paxton
10. Her brother Paul is a commodities trader-turned DJ who plays punk and new wave at Manhattan nightclubs. This former intern for Sassy recently called Kate Hudson “boring” and Charlize Theron “tacky” in an interview for Harper’s Bazaar. She has appeared in Trees Lounge, which was directed by Steve Buscemi and Harmony Korine’s second film, julien-donkey boy, as well as Palmetto and American Psycho. FTP, name this actress who debuted as a deflowered AIDS victim in Kids, a 2001 Oscar nominee for her supporting role in Boys Don’t Cry.
answer: Chlo‘ Sevigny
11. He greatly opposed the belief that the Godhead is a monad, expressing itself in three operations: as Father, in creation; as Son, in redemption; and as Holy Spirit, in sanctification, a heresy known as Sabellianism. His powerful supporter Eusebius of Caesarea was excommunicated along with Theodotus of Laodicea and Narcissus of Neronias in Cilicia by the Council of Antioch. In the Thalia, he spread a message integrating Neoplatonism, which accented the absolute oneness of the divinity as the highest perfection, with a literal, rationalist approach to the New Testament texts. For 10 points, name this opponent of the priest of Alexandria who affirmed the finite created nature of Christ.
answer: Arius
12. In February 1897, he delivered his famous address at the University of Chicago on the “Menace of the Machine.” Announcing that Republican state boss Senator Philetus Sawyer had offered him a bribe, he created a competing faction. Elected governor in 1900, he used professors from his state university to draft legislation. Entering the Senate, with Seaman he sponsored an act to increase the safety of passengers and sailors. For 10 points, name this founder of a namesake weekly, which became The Progressive, a long time reformer from the state of Wisconsin.
answer: Robert Marion LaFollette Sr.
13. The three main types include a system based on non-commuting observables, another on non-commuting state vectors, and a system based on Bell’s Theorem. It involves transmissions of photons between sender and receiver and a measurement of their polarizations by the receiver. It solves the the so-called key distribution problem not by the construction of a perfectly secure channel but by the mathematical certainty that an eavesdropper will be detected. FTP, identify this information transmission technique, based on certain properties of physics.
answer: quantum cryptography
14. After receiving a grant from the MacArthur Foundation in 1981, she began her second novel, which took ten years to write. Meanwhile, she released the collection Storyteller and The Delicacy and Strength of Lace, a selection of her correspondence with poet James Wright. Her The Almanac of the Dead spans 500 years and focuses on a Tucson family traveling to Africa and Israel. Her first novel featured World War II veteran Tayo learning that the noun of the title referred to not just formal ritual but also a lifestyle. For 10 points, name this Native American author who penned Ceremony.
answer: Leslie Marmon Silko
15. His father had gone to Paris to seek his fortune as a poet, but after being presented to Louis XVIII, he fell from fame, went insane and died in an asylum. This forced the son to work as a messenger for a bailiff where he gained deep knowledge of the working of the court system. As an impressionist painter, he was supported by Baudelaire and produced works like At the Palais de Justice, as well as works showing daily life on the Ile Saint-Louis, Valmandois, the railroads, and works set in the theatre. For 10 points, name this artist of Camille Desmoulins [day-moo-LAHN] and Emigrants which alludes to the authoritarian rule of Louis-Napoleon, but who is best known for The Print Collectors, Advice to a Young Artist, The Republic, and Third-Class Carriage.
answer: HonorŽ Daumier
16. During the trip back to Monteriano, only Harriet is not taken in by the romantic charms of the Italian city, and it is she who steals the baby that then dies when the carriage overturns. This is all due to the demands of baby’s half-sister Irma, who learns of the child when she starts receiving postcards from the father. Her mother had originally gone to Italy with her friend Caroline Abbott. Irma’s mother falls in love with Gino Carella, and in giving birth to their son, she dies. So ends the life of Lilia Herriton. For 10 points, identify this E.M. Forester novel, whose title completes Alexander Pope's line about where fools rush in.
answer: Where Angels Fear To Tread
17. In Thomas Mann’s The Magic Mountain, he is portrayed as Naphta, a Jewish-born Jesuit in dire need of authority. His work The Historical Novel is primarily a study of the innovations of Sir Walter Scott. He stressed the distinction between actual class consciousness and ascribed class consciousness, that is, what the proletariat would have done if it knew all the facts. In works such as Old and New Culture and Studies in European Realism, he attacked literary formalism and drew a link between art and social struggle. His most famous work, History and Class Consciousness: Studies In Marxist Dialectics, was criticized by hard-line Marxists. For 10 points, identify this Hungarian-born Marxist critic.
answer: Georg Lukacs
18. His work with oxygen-18 led him to devise methods for estimating the temperature of the ocean during times as far back as 180 million years ago. At Columbia during World War II, he led a group that provided the fundamental information for the separation of the fissionable isotope uranium-235 from the more abundant isotope uranium-238 through the use of gaseous diffusion. By distilling liquid hydrogen in the 1920’s he was able to concentrate deuterium and he announced his discovery of heavy water in 1931. For 10 points, name this chemist who worked with his student Stanley Miller on an experiment that showed that radiation on the earths surface could have formed the proteins necessary for life to begin.
answer: Harold Urey
19. Originally an organization to protect against pirate raids across the Corinthian Gulf, this league reformed with the express purpose of expelling the Macedonians and restoring Greek rule. After its admission of Megalopolis to the league in 235 BC angered Sparta, it made peace with Macedonia, joining King Antigonus Doson in his war against Cleomenes III of Sparta. It opposed Philip V, however, and joined the Roman side in the Second Macedonian War. For 10 points, name this league that was eventually crushed by Rome in 146 whose greatest leader was Aratus of Sicyon.
answer: Achaean League
20. During his career he moved toward a new technique of light and shadow that emphasized the central figure of the painting while subduing other elements. His early works, before 1430, present scenes from the life of the Virgin Mary, and closely resemble his master Robert Campin. His mature works emphasize Christ’s passion. He introduced the gilt background as in his Descent of the Cross and began portraying architectural settings that defined the space of the scene. For 10 points, name this artist of Portrait of a Lady and Escorial Deposition as well as Adoration of the Magi and three versions of the Crucifixion.
answer: Roger van der Weyden
Round 12 Bonuses
1. Everyone loves a good tariff; name these for 10 points each.
(10) This 1922 tariff established higher rates than ever before, with rates increasing up to 400 percent on dyes, chemicals, lace, toys and hardware.
answer: Fordney-McCumber
(10) Heavy pressure in the Senate led this 1909 tariff to have high duties on iron ore, coal, and hides. It helped lead to the congressional defeat of the Republicans the next year.
answer: Payne-Aldrich
(10) The first tariff act of the new U.S. government, it was basically a revenue tariff. It listed 81 articles on 30 of which specific duties were imposed.
answer: Tariff of 1789
2. Answer some questions about sex and psychology for the stated number of points:
(5) This man’s first paper was “What Do Birds Do When It Rains?” but he is most famous for his work Sexual Behavior in the Human Male.
answer: Alfred Kinsey
(10) This British psychologist once had an affair with Margaret Sanger. Coining the terms narcissistic and autoerotic, his works include On Life and Sex and Studies in the Psychology of Sex.