CV-2016
1-Mohammad Y. Gharaibeh, Karem H Alzoubi,Omar F. Khabour,Lubna Tinawi, Rawan Hamad,Esraa F. Keewan,SulaimanK.Matarnehb,Mahmoud A. Alomari
Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among University Students: The Gender FactorCadiol Res.Volume 3, number 4, Aug 2012, 172-179.
Abstract:Background:Evidence indicates that the pathophysiological process of cardiovascular (CV) disease begins at early age, though the manifestations of the disease do not appear until middle age adulthood. Risk factors for CV disease, particularly lipoprotein profiles, are affected by physiological abnormalities, and lifestyle related issues. To evaluate prevalence of CV diseases risk factors among university students and to investigate relation between number of risk factors and body anthropometric, hematological and biochemical indices parameters.
Methods:In this cross sectional study, 348 students were randomly recruited. Blood glucose, cholesterol profile (total, HDL, and LDL cholesterol), and triglyceride were measured using standard protocols. Physical activity (PA) level was assessed using the short-form Arabic version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaires (IPAQ).
Results:The most commonly encountered CV disease risk factor was low levels of HDL-C, followed by physical inactivity, high levels TG, and obese BMI. When stratified by gender, females were less likely to have low HDL-C, and high TG, whereas, males were more likely to have overweight or obese BMI (P0.001).About 49% of the participants had at least one CV disease risk factor, whereas the prevalence of having one, two and three or more CV disease risk factors were 35.7%, 9.3% and 4%, respectively. Additionally, the number of CV disease risk factors showed strong positive correlation with increases in body fat and bone percentages, glucose, total cholesterol, TG, LDL-C, BMI, and WHR (range of R2:0.17 to 0.603). On the other hand, physical activity, percentages of body water and muscle, HDL-C showed inverse strong correlation with cardiovascular risk factors (range of R2:-0.239 to-0.412).
Conclusions:Results indicate the high prevalence of CV disease risk factors among university students, and stress the need for early intervention programs to counteract these risks.
2-Khabour OF, Mesmar FS, Alatoum MA, Gharaibeh MY, Alzoubi KH. Associations of polymorphisms in adiponectin and leptin genes with men's longevity.(2010)Aging Male. 13(3):188-9311
Abstract:
Adipokines are important for regulation body metabolism and immune response. Many studies have shown that variants in Adipokines genes play a role in age-associated diseases. In this study, we investigated the contribution of rs266729 (-11377G/C), rs2241766 (+45T/G), and rs1501299 (+276 G/T) SNPs of adiponectin gene (ADIPQO) and rs7799039 (-2548C/A) SNP of leptin (LEP) gene to human longevity phenotype in Jordanian population. Polymorphisms were genotyped in 110 randomly selected elderly subjects (>85 years old) with mean age of 90.2 years, and 120 young control subjects (range from 20 to 50 years) with mean age of 32.0 years. No significant differences were detected in the genotype and allele frequencies of examined gene variants between the two groups (p > 0.05). However, when gender was considered, genotypes and alleles frequencies of rs1501299 SNP in ADIPOQ gene and rs7799039 in LEP gene were significantly associated with longevity in men (p < 0.02) but not in women (p > 0.05). Thus, ADIPOQ and LEP genes polymorphisms might play a gender-specific role in the pathway to men's longevity.
3-Gharaibeh MY, Altawallbeh GM, Abboud MM, Radaideh A, Alhader, AA, Khabour OF. Correlation of plasma resistin with obesity and insulin resistance
in type 2 diabetic patients. (2010)Diabe Metabo. 36(6 Pt 1):443-9
Abstract:
serum resistin levels were higher in type 2 diabetic patients compared with the controls (P<0.01). Markers of adiposity [body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC)] and insulin resistance, as well as fasting blood glucose, glycated haemoglobin, urea and blood pressure were considerably higher among the studied diabetics than in the controls. When diabetic patients were subdivided into age-group categories of 10-year intervals, resistin levels significantly increased with increased age, with a significant proportion in the group aged>60 years (P<0.01). Similarly, there was a significant association between plasma resistin and blood urea with growing older in diabetic patients. Pearson's analysis revealed positive correlations between plasma resistin and age, urea, creatinine, insulin, BMI, WC, body-fat content and homoeostasis model assessment (HOMA). Furthermore, plasma resistin concentrations were higher in type 2 diabetic obese patients than in non-diabetic obese subjects (P<0.01), whereas no such difference was found between overweight and normal-weight controls.
CONCLUSION:
These results suggest that variations in resistin concentrations are not directly related to susceptibility to type 2 diabetes. However, it may be that resistin plays a role in the pathogenesis of obesity and insulin resistance, both of which could, indirectly, contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes.
4-Gharaibeh MY, Gahtan RA, Khabour, OF, Alomari, MA. Hyperhomocysteinemia, low folate, and vitamin B12deficiency in elderly living at home and care residences: a comparative study. (2010)Labmedicine, 41 (7): 410-414.
Abstract:
Background: Serum levels of homocysteine (Hcy), folate, and vitamin B-12 in healthy elderly persons living at home (EH) and care residences (ER) were evaluated in subjects from Jordan. Methods: Homocysteine, folate, and vitamin B12 serum levels were measured using commercially available kits. Results: The prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) was 55% in the ER, 22% in the EH, and 8% in the young. Vitamin B-12 deficiency was prevalent in 34% of the elderly groups compared to 9% in the young group. Similarly, the folate deficiency prevalence was 55% and 23% in the ER and EH respectively, whereas it was 13% in the young group. Homocysteine concentration negatively correlated with vitamin B-12 in EH males and females, while it negatively correlated with folate in the EH and the young of both genders. Conclusion: Hyperhomocysteinemia and low folate was more prevalent in the ER than in the EH and younger individuals.
5-Banihani SA, Makahleh SM, El-Akawi Z, Al-Fashtaki RA, Khabour OF, Gharaibeh MY, Saadah NA, Al-Hashimi FH,Al-Khasieb NJ.,
"Fresh pomegranate juice ameliorates insulin resistance,enhances B-cell function
, and decreases fasting serum glucose in type 2 diabetic patients.,"
Nutrition research, vol. 34, no. 10, pp. 862-867, 2014.
Although the effects of pomegranate juice (PJ) on type 2 diabetic (T2D) conditions have been reported, a clinical study focusing on the short-term effects on different diabetic variables is still needed. We hypothesized that PJ consumption by T2D patients could reduce their insulin-resistant state and decrease their fasting serum glucose (FSG) levels, 3 hours after juice ingestion. This study demonstrated the direct effect of fresh PJ on FSG and insulin levels in T2D patients. Blood samples from 85 participants with type 2 diabetes were collected after a 12-hour fast, then 1 and 3 hours after administration of 1.5 mL of PJ, per kg body weight. Serum glucose was measured based on standard methods using the BS-200 Chemistry Analyzer (Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co Ltd, Shenzhen, China). Commercially available immunoassay kits were used to measure human insulin. Generally, the results demonstrated decreased FSG, increasedβ-cell function, and decreased insulin resistance among T2D participants, 3 hours after PJ administration (P< .05). This hypoglycemic response depended on initial FSG levels, as participants with lower FSG levels (7.1-8.7 mmol/L) demonstrated a greater hypoglycemic response (P< .05) compared with those who had higher FSG levels (8.8-15.8 mmol/L). The effect of PJ was also not affected by the sex of the patient and was less potent in elderly patients. In conclusion, this work offers some encouragement for T2D patients regarding PJ consumption as an additional contribution to control glucose levels.
6-Gharaibeh MY, Batayneh S, Khabour OF, Daoud, A. Association between polymorphisms of the DBH and DAT1 genes and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children from Jordan. (2010)Expe Therap Med1 (3): 701-705.
Abstract:
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neuropsychiatric disorders in children. In this study, the association between 10-repeats in the DAT1 gene and the (GT)n repeat in the DBH gene and ADHD was examined in children from Jordan. In addition, the levels of dopamine-β-hydroxylase enzyme activity in the plasma of ADHD children were evaluated. Fifty children with ADHD and 50 age- and gender-matched control subjects were recruited. The results showed significant differences between the ADHD group and controls with respect to the plasma levels of dopamine-β-hydroxylase enzyme activity (25.4±2.3 vs. 84.7±5.0 umol/min; p<0.01). Moreover, the 10-repeat DAT1 gene and (GT)n DBH gene polymorphisms were significantly associated with ADHD development (p<0.05). In conclusion, the DBH and DAT1 genes appear to play a role in the development of ADHD in the Jordanian population.
7-Gharaibeh Y Mohammad, Omar F Khabour, Karem Alzoubi Assay of Serum Dopamine-B-Hydroxylase activity Photometrically using batch adsorption chromatograph .2011, IJIB, Vol.12, No.1,11-14
Abstract:
Dopamine-ß-Hydroxylase (DBH) is an oxidase enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of dopamine to norepinephrine. Serum DBH level is suggested to be a useful measure of the function of the sympathetic nervous system. The enzymatic activity of DBH is measured by its action upon Tyramine. The product is determined by different techniques including colorimeter, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and radioimmunoassay (RIA). However, these techniques are time consuming especially when dealing with a large number of samples. In the present study, we modified the colorimetric DBH assay by utilizing batch adsorption method instead of ion exchange column chromatography that is used in the classical technique. The results showed that the new method is sensitive, reliable and require less time in assaying DBH activity. The new method was used to assay enzyme activity in normal children and those suffering from attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Significant differences were observed in the level of DBH between the two groups, which is typical for ADHD. Thus, the new assay is a valid method for measuring serum DBH activity.
8-Lack of Association between Polymorphisms of Hepatic Lipase with Lipid Profile in Young
Jordanian Adults. Omar F. Khabour1, Mahmoud A. Alomari2, Karem H. Alzoubi3, Mohammad Y Gharaibeh and Farah H. Alhashimi1, Lipid Insights 2014:7
Abstract:
The human hepatic lipase (LIPC) gene encodes hepatic lipase, an enzyme involved in lipoprotein metabolism and regulation. Therefore, variants inLIPCgene may influence plasma lipoprotein levels. In this study, the association ofLIPCC-514T and G-250A polymorphisms with plasma lipid profiles in 348 young Jordanians was investigated. Genotyping of C-514T and G-250A was performed by polymerase chain reaction and subsequent digestion withDraIandNiaIIIrestriction enzymes, respectively, while Roche analyzer was used to determine plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-and high-density lipoprotein. The G-250 and C-514 alleles were most abundant in Jordanians with 79 and 80% frequencies, respectively. Additionally, no difference was found in the lipid–lipoprotein profile between the different genotype groups of C-514T or G-250A polymorphisms, even when males and females were examined separately (P> 0.05). In young Jordanian adults, the examinedLIPCpolymorphisms seem to play a limited role in determining the lipid profile.
9- Mohammad Younis Gharaibeh, Karem Hasan Alzoubi, Omar Falah Khabour, Yousef Saleh Matarneh. Khader, Mamoun Abd allah Gharaibeh and SulaimanKhalid, Lead exposure among five distinct occupational groups: a comparative study.
Pak.Pharm 2014 Jan 27(1) 39-43
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate blood lead concentration among five selected occupational groups. The five groups were: hospital health workers, shop workers, taxi drivers, automobiles mechanics, and wood workers. The groups did not significantly differ among each other in the average of age and work years. ANOVA test revealed significantly higher mean lead blood concentration in taxi drivers, automechanics, and wood workers compared to other groups. Additionally, workers with lead concentration >0.483 umol/L (10μg/dL) were more likely to have frequent muscle pain compared to those with lower concentrations. No association between other symptoms of lead exposure/toxicity and blood lead concentration was detected. In conclusion, special attention must be directed toward lead blood levels and lead poisoning symptoms when examining patients from certain occupational groups such as taxi drivers, automechanics, and wood workers. Special safety precautions and educational programs are also needed to limit the lead exposure in these occupational groups.
10-Latif, A. Gharaibeh, M. AL-Qassab, H. Sartawi, O. Changes in serum lipids and electrolytes in type II diabetes mellitus during Ramadan. (1993)
Saudi Med Journal 14 (532 -535)
Abstract
Our objectives were to study the effect of 1 month of religious fasting (Ramadan) on serum lipids and electrolyte profiles in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in the outpatient department in a teaching district general hospital in North Jordan. We found that blood glucose and total cholesterol levels did not change significantly during Ramadan compared with the pre-fasting period (mean decrease of 0.33 mmol/l and 0.23 mmol/l respectively). However, a statistically significant decrease in serum triglycerides and increase in serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL cholesterol) occurred during the same period (mean of 0.49 mmol/l and 0.13 mmol/l respectively). Serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL cholesterol) decreased in the same period (mean of 0.16 mmol/l)
11-Mahmoud A. Alomari,Omar F. Khabour, Mohammad Y. Gharaibeh
Redha A. Qhatan , Effect of physical activity on levels of homocysteine, folate, and vitamin B12 in the elderly"
The Physician and Sportsmedicine Volume 44,Issue 1, 2016 pages 68-73
Abstract:
Homocysteine (Hcy) has emerged as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, the relationship of physical activity (PA) with Hcy levels in the elderly is controversial. Accordingly, the current study examined the effect of low and high participation in PA on serum Hcy in young (n=77; 18–50years) and old (n=207; > 65years) males (n=141) and females (n=142).Methods: Level of PA was obtained in a 1-to-1 interview and participants divided into low and high groups. Serum Hcy, folate, and vitamin B12were obtained after 12 hours fast drawn by venipuncture.Results: Levels of Hcy correlated with folate (r=−0. 5;p=0.000) and vitamin B12(r=−0.3;p=0.000). The ANOVA revealed a main effect of PA for Hcy (p=0.04) but not for folate (p=0.2) and vitamin B12(p=0.2). Main effects were found also of age for Hcy (p=0.000) and folate (p=0.005) as well as of gender for Hcy (p=0.000) and vitamin B12(p=0.000). Subsequent ANCOVA showed lower levels of Hcy in the participants with greater versus lower PA even after controlling for B12vitamin.Conclusion: These results confirm the importance of the vitamins for regulating Hcy levels. Additionally, the data suggests that PA affects Hcy levels without affecting and independent of B vitamins in the elderly.
12-Bashir, N, El-Migdadi, F, Hasan, Z. Al-Hader, A-A, Wezermers, I., and Gharaibeh, M, Acute effects of exercise at low altitude (350 meters below sea level) on hormones of the anterior pituitary & cortisol in athletes. (1996) Endocrine Research, 22 (3), 289-298
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exercise on anterior pituitary hormones (adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and growth hormone) as well as on cortisol at low altitude (350 meters below the sea level) and to compare these effects with those at a moderate level altitude (620 meters above the sea level). Ten male athletes with running experience participated in a 21-Km competitive race. Serum levels of ACTH, LH, growth hormone and cortisol were measured before and after the race at each of the altitudes. A significant increase in the serum levels of ACTH and growth hormone were observed in response to this exercise at low altitude. Similar exercise at 620 meters above the sea level resulted in a significant increase only in the serum levels of growth hormone. Serum levels of LH were not affected by this kind of exercise at both altitudes. Serum cortisol levels were increased following exercise at both altitudes. Altogether, these observations show a differential response of the anterior pituitary to exercise at low and normal altitudes. These data suggest that ACTH may have a role in the acclimatization to exercise at low altitudes. The role of growth hormone and LH in this conditioning process seems to be insignificant. The changes in serum cortisol levels in response to exercise at both altitudes correlate well with the effect of exercise on energy metabolism.
13-Adnan M. Massadeh, Wail A. Hayajneh, Abdullah Shorman, Mohammad Y. Gharaibeh& Moh'd Mohanad A. Al-Dabet. Correlation between lead and iron in children injordan,2013, Toxicological&Enviromental chemistry.Vol.95, No.7, 1244-1255.
Abstract:
A total of 200 Jordanian children were classified into two groups: 100 Fe replete and 100 Fe deficient with ages ranging between 3.0 and 12.0years (6.9 ± 2.7years). All participants were chosen according to proper selection criteria followed by the sample collection: the samples were analyzed for hemoglobin and red blood cells; ferritin, an immunoassays-based instrument; and levels of Pb, Cu, and Zn. There were no significant differences between genders regarding Fe-deficiency (p= 0.57 and χ2= 0.33), with a significant association of younger individuals (3.0–9.1years) with Fe-deficiency (p< 0.05 and χ2= 22.7).
In addition, there is a significant positive correlation between Fe-deficiency with blood levels of Pb, Cu, and Zn (p< 0.05), (r= 0.43, 0.35, and 0.42, respectively) as compared to control group, this finding supported, by comparing the levels of the examined metals in both groups, in individuals whom close to heavy metals source (highway traffic or oil gas station), and found that the mean of the heavy metals level in close Fe-deficient group higher than in close Fe-replete group.
14- Khalid Talafih, Abdelrahim A. Hunaiti, Nayef Gharaibeh, Mohammad Gharaibeh, Saied Jaradat. The prevalence of hemoglobin S and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in Jordanian newborn.(1996)J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res. 1'01. 22, No. 5: 41 7-420
The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of HbS and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency in Jordanian newborn.
STUDY DESIGN:
A total of 181 male and female babies born at Princess Basma Teaching Hospital, randomly selected, and cord blood samples were collected, and the erythrocyte G6PD activity was measured, and the hemoglobin electrophoresis for blood lysate was conducted and scanned for HbS scanning.
RESULTS:
The frequencies of two major red cell genetic defects, sickle hemoglobin (HbS) and deficiency G6PD was determined, of the studied subjects 10 (11%) females and 11 (12%) males were found to be deficient in the G6PD gene. The frequency of HbS carriers among the females was 4% while it was 6% among males. The coincidence of both G6PD deficiency and sickle cell hemoglobin in the samples was 1%. No coincidence was found between G6PD deficiency and hyperbilirubinemia.