Name: ______Grade: ______/140
For all parts you may use the textbook (Chapter 21, glossary and index) and/or your technology.
Part 1: VocabularyUsing the textbook, EOC booklet, and your technology define/ identify the terms below. (1pt. each = 18pts.)
- Affirmative Action
A policy that seeks to correct the effects of past discrimination by favoring the groups who were previously disadvantaged
- Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka
A 1954 case in which the Supreme Court ruled that “separate but equal” education for black and white students was unconstitutional
- Civil Rights Movement
The movement during the 1950’s and 1960’s where African Americans protested and demanded equal rights and equal treatment
- CORE (Congress of Racial Equality)
An interracial group founded in 1942 by James Farmer to work against segregation in Northern cities
- de facto discrimination
Racial prejudice based on practice, custom and social interactions
- de jure discrimination
Racial prejudice and separation established by law
- discrimination
The unjust treatment of different categories of people, especially on the grounds of race, age or sex
- freedom rides
One of the civil rights activists who rode buses through the South in the early 1960s to challenge segregation
- integration
The action of reuniting the segregated races
- Jim Crow Laws
Laws enacted by Southern state and local governments to separate white and black people in public and private facilities
- NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People)
An organization founded in 1909 to promote full racial equality
- non-violence
The use of peaceful means, not force, to bring about political or social change
- Plessy vs. Ferguson
An 1896 case in which the Supreme Court ruled that separation of the races in public accommodations was legal, this establishing the “separate but equal” doctrine
- Retaliation
The action of harming someone because they have harmed you (revenge)
- SCLC (Southern Christian Leadership Conference)
An organization formed in 1957 by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. and other leaders to work for civil rights through non-violent means
- Segregation
The separation of people on the basis of race
- SNCC (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee)
An organization formed in 1960 to coordinate sit-ins and other protests and to give young blacks a larger role in the civil rights movement
- Unconstitutional
Not in accordance with a political constitution or with procedural rules; goes against the Constitution
Part 2: Facing ResistanceUse your technology to research and complete the chart below. (4pts. per row = 36 pts.)
Who was Killed / Their Race and Age / Who Killed Them / Why They Were Killed / Why were they willing to risk their lives?Emmett Louis Till / Black - 14 / Two white men from Mississippi / Falsely accused of flirting with an older white woman / He was falsely accused because of his skin color
John Earl Reese / Black - 16 / Joe Simpson and Perry Dean Ross / In a café to discourage blacks from attending the white school / They weren’t. They were just trying to get an education
Medgar Evers / Black - 37 / Byron De La Beckwith Jr. / Worked to overturn segregation at the University of Mississippi / He believed in equal rights
Addie Mae Collins14, Denise McNair11, Carole Robertson14, Cynthia Wesley14 / Black / 4 members of the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) / Racism and hatred; an act of white supremacist terrorism / They were not trying to risk their lives
Louis Allen / Black 44 / White men / Witnessed a murder / To tell the truth
Jimmie Lee Jackson / Black 26 / James Bernard Fowler / He participated in a peaceful voting rights march, but was beaten and shot / He wanted the right to vote for himself and African American generations to come
O’Neal Moore / Black 34 / Ku Klux Klan (KKK) / He was a black deputy (sheriff) / He wanted to help his community/duty as a cop
Clarence Triggs / Black 34 / Night Riders / He was a part of boycotts / He believed in equal rights
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. / Black 39 / James Earl Ray / Prominent leader of the Civil Rights Movement / Wanted to see change and wanted everyone to have equal rights
Part 3: Victories Use your technology to research and complete the chart below. (4pts. each = 56pts.)
Event / What actions led to it? / What factors contributed to making it happen? / What resistance was overcome? How? / What role did everyday people play?Black Panthers / Unfair treatment of African Americans and police brutality / Rejection of patience of MLK and police brutality in the ghettos / Violent & Non-Violent protests and riots / African American citizens fought for their rights
Black Power / African American’s trying to get equal rights and equal treatment / Stokely Carmichael and the SNCC / White supremacists through violent & non-violent protests and riots / African American citizens fought for their rights
Civil Rights Act of 1957 / Desegregation / Civil Rights Activists / Segregation / Many people (white/black) join the cause to make this happen
Crisis in Little Rock “Little Rock Nine” / Brown vs. Board of Education / Nine black students enrolled in Little Rock Central High School / President Eisenhower called the Arkansas National Guard to protect these students / Citizens either supported this or did not through protests
Freedom Summer / Unfair voting rights for blacks / Limited voting rights, Jim Crow Laws / Voter Discrimination and an increase in African American voters / African American college students spent their summer registering more voters
Integrating buses in Montgomery, Alabama/ Montgomery Bus Boycott / Racial discrimination and segregation / Rosa Parks refusing to give up her seat, freedom riders and Martin Luther King’s marches / Racial segregation on public transformation / They participated in the marches and freedom rides
Kerner Commission / 1967 Race Riots / Executive Order 11365 / Discrimination; addressing the issues of the riots / Participants of the riots
March on Washington / Discrimination and segregation; unfair treatment; inequality / Racism and unfair treatment / Martin Luther King made his famous “I have a dream” speech and this brought more attention to the Civil Rights Movement / Participants of the march/protestors
President Eisenhower ordering federal troops to enforce school desegregation / Little Rock crisis / Racial violence and segregated schools / The 9 students were protected from any violence by the Arkansas National Guard / they either supported this or did not
School desegregation / Schools being “separate but equal” / The Little Rock Nine / Schools were no longer segregated, but integrated / Everyone was effected by this
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 / All of the civil rights protests, boycotts, riots and marches / All of the civil rights protests, boycotts, riots and marches / Banned discrimination in jobs and public accommodations, speed up school desegregation and ensure fair treatment in employment / Advocates of civil rights
The outlawing of poll taxes in federal elections / All of the civil rights protests, boycotts, riots and marches / The passage of the 24th amendment / Voter discrimination / People advocating for equal voting rights
The Voting Rights Act of 1965 / All of the civil rights protests, boycotts, riots and marches / Eliminating voter literacy tests / Voter discrimination / People advocating for equal voting rights
Woolworth’s Sit in / Boycotts and previous sit-ins / Not getting equal treatment or service / Discrimination and unequal accommodations / Protestors
Part 4: Who’s Who Use your technology to research and identify the following people/groups. This does not need to be a complete sentence. (2pts. each = 18pts.)
- Black Panthers
A militant African-American political organization formed in 1966 by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale to fight police brutality and to provide services in the ghetto
- Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
Believed in non-violence and peace to obtain integration
- Fannie Lou Hamer
Civil Rights leader and philanthropist who lived in Mississippi
- George Wallace
Governor of Alabama who was pro-segregation
- James Meredith
Civil Rights Movement figure, writer, political advisor, and Air Force veteran
- Malcolm X
Before his religious journey/pilgrimage, he followed the teachings of the Nation of Islam (whites were the cause of all problems and that blacks should arm themselves). After his journey, he advocated to solve problems legally before resulting to violence. He was assassinated by members of the Nation of Islam
- President John F. Kennedy (Civil Rights)
Supported the Civil Rights Movement and began to put the Civil Rights Act of 1964 into action before he was assassinated
- Rosa Parks
She refused to give up her seat on a bus for a white man
- The Little Rock Nine
Nine African American Students who volunteered to integrate into an “all-white” school in 1957
- Thurgood Marshall
Became lead council for the NAACP in 1938 and the first African American justice for the Supreme Court
Part 5: Civil Rights TimelineUsing the textbook, EOC booklet, and your technology generate a timeline of at least 10 events that occurred during the Civil Rights time period. Briefly (less than one sentence) explain each. (12pts.)
Use the internet to look up a timeline. Type in “Civil Rights Timeline” into Google & make sure your dates are between the 1950s and 1960s!