Supplementary Table 1: List of places sampled for Tetragonula iridipennis workers for wing morphometry from different states of India. Lat = Latitude. Long = Longitude. Alt = Altitude.

State / Agro-climatic Zone / Location / Latitude / Longitude / Altitude
Degree / Minutes / Seconds / Degree / Minutes / Seconds
Karnataka / North East Border / Basavakalyana / 17° / 52' / 0.12" N / 76° / 57' / 0" E / 621 m
Bidar / 17° / 55' / 0.12" N / 77° / 31' / 10.9992" E / 618 m
North East dry / Gulbarga / 17° / 19' / 47.031" N / 76° / 50' / 3.465" E / 454 m
North Dry / Bagalkot / 16° / 11' / 6.039" N / 75° / 41' / 46.4742" E / 770 m
Bellary / 15° / 08' / 18.744" N / 76° / 55' / 7.4352 " E / 444 m
Hospet / 15° / 16' / 7.8738" N / 76° / 23' / 27.3258 " E / 480 m
Gadag / 15° / 25' / 43.6074" N / 75° / 37' / 52.6044 " E / 656 m
Mahakoot / 15° / 55' / 58.0008" N / 75° / 43' / 18.0006" E / 540 m
Sandur / 15° / 5' / 9.2472" N / 76° / 32' / 34.9296" E / 564m
Medium Dry / Chikkanyakana-halli / 12° / 53' / 32.3766" N / 77° / 41' / 39.2346" E / 804m
East Dry / Bengaluru / 12° / 58' / 17.7558" N / 77° / 35' / 40.4262"E / 920 m
Kanakapur, / 12° / 33' / 0" N / 77° / 25' / 0.12" E / 637 m
Kuntenhalli, / 12° / 55' / 30.2556" N / 77° / 30' / 42.4008" E / 920 m
Madhure / 13° / 13' / 6.6642" N / 77° / 26' / 34.6056" E / 896 m
Chitamani / 13° / 23' / 49.203" N / 78° / 3' / 27.7986" E / 865 m
South Dry / Mysore / 12° / 17' / 44.9154" N / 76° / 38' / 21.7716" E / 763 m
Pandavpura / 12° / 30' / 2.16" N / 76° / 40' / 23.8794" E / 709 m
Nagamandal / 12° / 49' / 5.5338" N / 76° / 45' / 11.9766" E / 772 m
Nanjangud, / 12° / 7' / 10.9194" N / 76° / 40' / 58.08" E / 657 m
Mandya / 12° / 31' / 27.12" N / 76° / 53' / 44.8794" E / 678 m
Kuttinagere / 12° / 43' / 37.3692" N / 77° / 17' / 11.4036" E / 925 m
Chamarajnagar / 11° / 55' / 33.6" N / 76° / 56' / 24.72" E / 662 m
South Malnad / MM Hills / 12° / 8' / 13.545" N / 77° / 13' / 19.1778" E / 900 m
North Malnad / Piriyapattana / 12° / 20' / 6.5358" N / 76° / 05' / 50.4882" E / 844 m
Malnad / Khanapur / 15° / 38' / 18.24 " N / 74° / 30' / 45.684" E / 648 m
Ulavi / 15° / 0' / 9.2952" N / 74° / 30' / 53.406 " E / 254 m
Sirsi / 14° / 37' / 0.1194" N / 74° / 50' / 59.9994" E / 590 m
Siddapur / 14° / 20' / 27.6036 " N / 74° / 53' / 23.9418" E / 564 m
Haliyal / 15° / 19' / 37.9122" N / 74° / 45' / 23.6298 " E / 558 m
Mundagod, / 14° / 58' / 15.906" N / 75° / 02' / 13.3758" E / 567 m
Hosanagar / 13° / 55' / 0.12" N / 75° / 04' / 0.1194" E / 585 m
Sagar / 14° / 10' / 21.108" N / 75° / 02' / 2.724" E / 579 m
Thrithahalli / 13° / 41' / 18.513 " N / 75° / 14' / 46.4922" E / 591 m
Talakaveri / 12° / 21' / 34.7292" N / 75° / 29' / 18.3156" E / 1,276 m
Virajpete / 12° / 11' / 30.336" N / 75° / 48' / 16.812" E / 909 m
Bhagamandala / 12° / 25' / 19.9986" N / 75° / 31' / 16.767" E / 1,525 m
Sampaje / 12° / 29' / 38.4534" N / 75° / 33' / 56.5668" E / 108m
Mudigere / 13° / 7' / 54.0264" N / 75° / 38' / 27.294" E / 913 m
Chikkamagalur / 13° / 18' / 44.3514" N / 75° / 46' / 15.1998" E / 1,037 m
Sakleshpur / 12° / 56' / 23.046" N / 75° / 47' / 8.7966" E / 949 m
Coastal / Karwar / 14° / 48' / 47.7966 " N / 74° / 7' / 51.8442 " E / 586 m
Ankola / 14° / 40' / 0.12 " N / 74° / 17' / 59.9994" E / 16 m
Honnavar / 14° / 16' / 59.88" N / 74° / 27' / 0 " E / 05 m
Bhatkal / 13° / 59' / 0.6108" N / 74° / 32' / 51.6546" E / 19 m
Karkala / 13° / 12' / 54.3594" N / 74° / 59' / 46.2474" E / 80 m
Kolluru / 13° / 42' / 23.9436" N / 74° / 44' / 35.1276" E / 350 m
Sulya / 12° / 33' / 24.9798" N / 75° / 23' / 22.1418 " E / 108 m
Dhrmasthala / 12° / 57’ / 36.36” N / 75° / 22' / 42.2394" E / 123 m
Puttur / 12° / 46' / 0.12 " N / 75° / 13' / 0.12 " E / 87 m
Tamil Nadu / Anavayal / 11° / 44' / 20.1078" N / 76° / 7' / 8.2164" E / 90 m
Bannari / 11° / 33' / 3.7872" N / 77° / 8' / 21.0078" E / 329 m
Bhavanisagar / 11° / 28' / 50.847" N / 77° / 7' / 33.4848" E / 329 m
Chinnavedampatty / 11° / 3' / 47.0052" N / 76° / 58' / 58.9008" E / 338m
Cuddalore / 11° / 45' / 0" N / 79° / 45' / 0" E / 1m
Karachikorai / 11° / 29' / 27.9594" N / 77° / 6' / 37.2234" E / 329 m
Kunnur / 11° / 43' / 12.7956" N / 78° / 37' / 29.9022" E / 262 m
Nellithurai / 11° / 16' / 59.739" N / 76° / 53' / 6.2412" E / 372
Peechiparai / 8° / 26' / 36.3906" N / 77° / 18' / 23.742" E / 76 m
Pennagaram / 12° / 7' / 57.2406" N / 77° / 53' / 44.0772" E / 493m
Pillur / 9° / 50' / 21.1986" N / 78° / 23' / 32.6358" E / 172 m
Thadasalatti / 11° / 20' / 4.7976'' N / 77° / 43' / 11.4384'' E / 823 m
Thengumarahada / 11° / 33’ / 57.7580"N / 76° / 55' / 41.8318'' E / 823 m
Coimbatore / 11° / 0' / 48.8082" N / 76° / 56' / 16.2528" E / 411.2
Trichy / 10° / 47' / 25.7388" N / 78° / 42' / 16.8222" E / 88m
Vambam / 10° / 22' / 10.2281'' N / 78° / 55' / 26.8626'' E / 90
Veppankulum / 8° / 47' / 32.337" N / 80° / 27' / 57.693" E / 73 m
Virungipuram / 16° / 17' / 30.6996" N / 80° / 15' / 40.7052" E / 210 m
Sirugamani / 10° / 53' / 37.5648'' N / 78° / 32' / 8.0182'' E / 78 m
Rajan Nagar / 13° / 7' / 22.1981'' N / 80° / 12' / 26.5730'' E / 85 m
Ammapalayam / 12° / 16' / 58.566" N / 78° / 53' / 3.3432" E / 1023 m
High Altitude Zone / Yercaud / 11° / 46' / 30.9036" N / 78° / 12' / 33.3288" E / 1515 m
Kerala / Moolamattom / 9° / 47' / 25.2774" N / 76° / 51' / 12.0888" E / 28 m
Alapuzha / 9° / 29' / 53.0412" N / 76° / 20' / 19.8522" E / 1m
Ellakkal / 7° / 8' / 3.5196" N / 80° / 8' / 12.357" E / 719 m
Kalloor / 11° / 39' / 52.1598" N / 76° / 19' / 54.8004" E / 4 m
Marayur / 10° / 16' / 41.1954" N / 77° / 9' / 51.588" E / 1000 m
Muvattupuzha / 9° / 58' / 47.4528" N / 76° / 34' / 25.7052" E / 15m
Pareekanni / 10° / 2' / 15.6582" N / 76° / 42' / 36.7266" E / 12 m
Vechoor / 9° / 40' / 20.6646" N / 76° / 25' / 12.5472" E / 6 m
Ernakulam / 10° / 0' / 53.496" N / 76° / 18' / 12.4806" E / 4m
Andhra Pradesh / KrishnaGodavari / Kakinada / 16° / 56' / 42.6516" N / 82° / 14' / 19.1292" E / 2m
Tadepalligudam / 16° / 48' / 39.459" N / 81° / 31' / 42.0882" E / 34m
Ganavaram / 16° / 32' / 24.6156" N / 80° / 48' / 4.4958" E / 12m
Tiruvur / 18° / 6' / 0" N / 80° / 37' / 59.9982" E / 73 m
Repalle / 16° / 1' / 4.764" N / 80° / 50' / 26.5956" E / 7m
Sattenepalle / 16° / 23' / 49.7076" N / 80° / 9' / 6.5154" E / 72 m
Khammam / 17° / 14' / 50.1108" N / 80° / 9' / 5.2014" E / 107m
Suryapet / 17° / 8' / 22.4196" N / 79° / 37' / 25.4418" E / 571m
Chirala / 15° / 49' / 0.12" N / 80° / 20' / 59.9994" E / 4m
Addanki / 15° / 48' / 13.7514" N / 79° / 58' / 13.5402" E / 24m
North Coastal / Srikakulam / 18° / 18' / 0" N / 83° / 54' / 0" E / 10m
Palakonda / 18° / 36' / 6.933" N / 83° / 45' / 30.3222" E / 44m
Nellimarla / 18° / 9' / 51.4296" N / 83° / 27' / 12.4698" E / 190m
Bobbili / 18° / 34' / 22.332" N / 83° / 21' / 31.2222" E / 103m
Srungavarapukota / 18° / 6' / 40.3554" N / 83° / 8' / 43.2522" E / 70m
Visakhapatnam / 17° / 41' / 12.5376" N / 83° / 13' / 6.5346" E / 5m
Narsipatnam / 17° / 39' / 52.2396" N / 82° / 36' / 55.8606" E / 58m
Elesvaram / 17° / 17' / 11.4354" N / 82° / 6' / 35.6724" E / 60m
Annavaram / 17° / 16' / 55.1598" N / 82° / 24' / 19.8894" E / 7 m
Rampachodavaram / 17° / 26' / 9.9594" N / 81° / 46' / 24.5994" E / 162m
Southern Region Zone / Nellore / 14° / 26' / 33.3558" N / 79° / 59' / 11.2416" E / 18 m
Gudur / 14° / 8' / 46.7484" N / 79° / 51' / 1.4004" E / 329 m
Udaygiri / 14° / 52' / 30.144" N / 79° / 17' / 52.98" E / 230m
Chittoor / 13° / 13' / 1.545" N / 79° / 6' / 2.4258" E / 333.75m
Tirupati / 13° / 37' / 43.521" N / 79° / 25' / 9.0474" E / 161m
Madanpalle / 13° / 33' / 0" N / 78° / 30' / 0" E / 695m
Kundkur / 17° / 3' / 50.6016" N / 78° / 29' / 20.5656" E / 632m
Rayachoti / 14° / 3' / 30.765" N / 78° / 45' / 6.789" E / 1000m
Kadiri / 14° / 6' / 46.8972" N / 78° / 9' / 38.0124" E / 504m
Tadipatri / 14° / 54' / 14.5794" N / 78° / 0' / 27.849" E / 223m
North Telangana Zone / Adilabad / 19° / 40' / 0.1194" N / 78° / 31' / 59.8794" E / 264m
Bhainsa / 19° / 6' / 0" N / 77° / 58' / 0.12" E / 363m
Karimnagar / 18° / 26' / 18.798" N / 79° / 7' / 43.827" E / 265m
Peddapalli / 18° / 36' / 54.3816" N / 79° / 22' / 57.867" E / 228 m
Nizamabad / 18° / 40' / 21.018" N / 78° / 5' / 38.7132" E / 395m
Kamareddy / 18° / 19' / 4.1838" N / 78° / 20' / 49.6932" E / 495m
Medak / 18° / 1' / 59.88" N / 78° / 16' / 0.12" E / 442m
Warangal / 10° / 0' / 0.1974" N / 79° / 35' / 17.4006" E / 302m
Huzurnagar / 16° / 53' / 53.0916" N / 79° / 52' / 36.4548" E / 112 m
Kundluru / 17° / 38' / 17.7354" N / 81° / 25' / 0.7602" E / 75 m
South Telangana Zone / Hyderabad / 17° / 23' / 6.1584" N / 78° / 29' / 12.0156" E / 536m
Secundrabad / 17° / 20' / 45.4056" N / 78° / 28' / 12.99" E / 543m
Vikarabad / 17° / 20' / 11.148" N / 77° / 54' / 17.4528" E / 638m
Ibrahimpatnam / 17° / 11' / 42.54" N / 78° / 39' / 22.4712" E / 27 m
Medchal / 17° / 37' / 46.128" N / 78° / 29' / 39.483" E / 577m
Mehbubnagar / 16° / 44' / 29.8962" N / 77° / 59' / 9.4596" E / 498m
Charakonda / 16° / 41' / 19.0746" N / 78° / 42' / 23.475" E / 431m
NagarjunaSagar / 16° / 34' / 33.4806" N / 79° / 18' / 44.6472" E / 124m
Sangareddi / 17° / 37' / 28.0914" N / 78° / 5' / 17.8902" E / 496m
Jangaon / 17° / 43' / 15.7974" N / 79° / 9' / 37.4826" E / 382m
Maharashtra / Sawantwadi / 15° / 54' / 18.9462" N / 73° / 49' / 16.755" E / 111.86m
South Konkan coastal Zone / Khed, / 17° / 43' / 3.7344" N / 73° / 23' / 38.076" E / 25m
Ratnagiri, / 16° / 58' / 59.8794" N / 73° / 17' / 59.9994" E / 11m
Pawas / 16° / 52' / 22.404" N / 73° / 19' / 30.4098" E / 11m
Vengurla / 15° / 51' / 1.2198" N / 73° / 38' / 16.227" E / 11m
Malvan, / 16° / 4' / 0.12" N / 73° / 28' / 0.12" E / 5m
Amboli / 15° / 57' / 52.977" N / 74° / 0' / 12.855" E / 690
North Konkan coastal Zone / Dahnau, / 19° / 58' / 0.1194" N / 72° / 43' / 59.8794" E / 9.89m
Western Ghats / Koyna, / 17° / 24' / 32.4216" N / 73° / 45' / 23.7996" E / 746m
Bhimashankar / 19° / 4' / 21.1116" N / 73° / 32' / 9.8046" E / 1100m
Daund village / 18° / 33' / 26.6461'' N / 73° / 48' / 34.4066'' E / 514 m
Transitional / Nashik, / 19° / 59' / 50.8308" N / 73° / 47' / 23.2866" E / 560m
Toranmal, / 21° / 52' / 59.6424" N / 74° / 27' / 18.3486" E / 1,150m
Dhule / 20° / 54' / 15.1914" N / 74° / 46' / 29.6322" E / 240m
Transitional / Baramati, / 18° / 8' / 59.9994" N / 74° / 34' / 59.8794" E / 538m
Amravati / 20° / 55' / 32.9988" N / 77° / 45' / 52.9992" E / 343m
Eastern Widharbha / Tadoba / 20° / 11' / 56.6046" N / 79° / 24' / 52.8222" E / 200-350m
Assam / Diphu / 25° / 50' / 29.5938" N / 93° / 25' / 28.5528" E / 186m
Meghalaya / Umron Shillong / 25° / 34' / 43.5828" N / 91° / 53' / 35.7138" E / 1496 m

Supplementary table 2: Mean configuration of the X and Y coordinates of the forewings of the Indian populations of Tetragonula iridipennis.

Kerala / Maharashtra / Tamil Nadu / Andhra Pradesh / Karnataka / Assam/Meghalaya
X1 / -0.334 / -0.328 / -0.335 / -0.332 / -0.335 / -0.334
Y1 / -0.172 / -0.174 / -0.177 / -0.175 / -0.170 / -0.172
X2 / -0.323 / -0.319 / -0.323 / -0.321 / -0.324 / -0.324
Y2 / -0.116 / -0.113 / -0.114 / -0.117 / -0.108 / -0.107
X3 / -0.118 / -0.117 / -0.120 / -0.116 / -0.119 / -0.112
Y3 / 0.080 / 0.085 / 0.083 / 0.081 / 0.084 / 0.087
X4 / -0.103 / -0.100 / -0.100 / -0.101 / -0.103 / -0.100
Y4 / 0.152 / 0.164 / 0.159 / 0.154 / 0.157 / 0.156
X5 / 0.009 / 0.005 / 0.010 / -0.000 / 0.010 / 0.014
Y5 / -0.234 / -0.244 / -0.238 / -0.236 / -0.244 / -0.253
X6 / 0.047 / 0.043 / 0.048 / 0.045 / 0.051 / 0.050
Y6 / -0.181 / -0.192 / -0.182 / -0.182 / -0.188 / -0.188
X7 / 0.023 / 0.020 / 0.025 / 0.025 / 0.025 / 0.017
Y7 / -0.060 / -0.062 / -0.059 / -0.058 / -0.06 / -0.063
X8 / 0.086 / 0.089 / 0.087 / 0.091 / 0.088 / 0.079
Y8 / 0.005 / 0.003 / 0.003 / 0.004 / 0.002 / 0.007
X9 / 0.056 / 0.056 / 0.057 / 0.054 / 0.061 / 0.065
Y9 / 0.193 / 0.198 / 0.194 / 0.194 / 0.196 / 0.197
X10 / 0.657 / 0.650 / 0.652 / 0.656 / 0.647 / 0.645
Y10 / 0.334 / 0.335 / 0.332 / 0.335 / 0.336 / 0.337