Science 9 Chapter 4 Practice Test
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 1. A gene is
a. / another name for a chromosome.b. / a section of DNA that codes for a specific protein.
c. / a tightly coiled strand of DNA.
d. / produced in the Golgi body.
____ 2. In the DNA molecule, the nitrogen bases are always found in pairs. The base A pairs with
a. / the base C. / c. / the base G.b. / the base T. / d. / another base A.
____ 3. The “genetic code” is made up of
a. / the arrangement of sugar and phosphate groups along the DNA molecule.b. / the sequence of bases along the DNA molecule.
c. / the pairs of chromosomes in a cell.
d. / the proteins that make up a particular stretch of DNA.
____ 4. A mutation causes a bacterial cell to begin producing a new protein. The mutation probably
a. / changed the number of chromosomes in the bacterial cell.b. / led to a new combination of chromosomes in the bacterial cell.
c. / changed the sequence of nucleotides within part of the bacterial DNA.
d. / will not be passed on to daughter cells when the bacterial cell divides.
____ 5. Where in the cell are the chromosomes located?
a. / chloroplasts / c. / nucleusb. / Golgi bodies / d. / vacuoles
____ 6. The endoplasmic reticulum is labelled on the diagram of the plant cell shown above. It is labelled as part number
a. / 1. / c. / 9.b. / 2. / d. / 11.
____ 7. Part number 2 in the diagram of the green plant cell is responsible for making ribosomes. It is called the
a. / Golgi body. / c. / nucleus.b. / nucleolus. / d. / vesicle.
____ 8. Part number 11 in the diagram of the green plant cell is referred to as the “powerhouse” of the plant cell. It is called the
a. / Golgi body. / c. / nucleus.b. / mitochondrion. / d. / vesicle.
____ 9. Part number 6 in the diagram of the green plant cell is a specialized organelle that sorts and packages proteins for transport in the cell. It is called the
a. / Golgi body. / c. / nucleus.b. / mitochondrion. / d. / vesicle.
____ 10. Part number 1 is the control centre of the cell. It is called the
a. / Golgi body. / c. / nucleus.b. / mitochondria. / d. / vacuole.
____ 11. The type of mutation that benefits an individual
a. / never happens.b. / is called a positive mutation.
c. / happens every time an individual produces new cells.
d. / happens only when a geneticist uses gene therapy.
____ 12. A neutral mutation
a. / does not affect the organism.b. / never happens since all mutations affect an individual.
c. / cannot be transmitted to the next generation.
d. / will not be seen until two or three generations have been produced.
____ 13. Substances or factors that cause mutations in DNA are called
a. / bacteria. / c. / mutagens.b. / diseases. / d. / mutations.
____ 14. When a cell is preparing to reproduce, the chromatin in the nucleus forms into
a. / chromosomes. / c. / genes.b. / deoxyribonucleic acid. / d. / ribonucleic acid.
____ 15. The normal human cell carries
a. / 23 separate chromosomes. / c. / 46 separate chromosomes.b. / 23 pairs of chromosomes. / d. / 46 pairs of chromosomes.
____ 16. Genes
a. / are small segments of DNA located at specific places on a chromosome.b. / are specific arrangements of bases in the DNA.
c. / can vary in length from hundreds to thousands of bases.
d. / can be all of the above.
____ 17. One side of a gene segment is composed of the following bases: GTGCAATCGCTT. What would the bases on the other side of the ladder be?
a. / GTGCAATCGCTT / c. / CACGTTAGCGAAb. / ACATGGCTATCC / d. / TGTACCGATAGG
____ 18. One side of a gene segment is composed of the following bases: AACGTCTGATCG. What would the bases on the other side of the ladder be?
a. / TTGCAGACTAGC / c. / CCATGAGTCGATb. / GGTACTCAGCTA / d. / AACGTCTGATCG
____ 19. A specific protein is produced when
a. / an RNA molecule brings the instructions to a ribosome.b. / a DNA molecule brings a chemical message to a ribosome.
c. / a DNA molecule brings a chemical message to a Golgi body.
d. / a vesicle receives a chemical message from the endoplasmic reticulum.
____ 20. Gene mutation is
a. / a change in the arrangement of bases in a gene.b. / always a bad thing for an organism.
c. / easily corrected with surgery.
d. / none of the above.
____ 21. When a gene mutation occurs
a. / one of the bases is left out of the sequence.b. / one of the bases is substituted for another.
c. / a new base is added to the sequence.
d. / any of the above could have occurred.
____ 22. Which of the following are examples of mutagens?
a. / Cigarette smoke, X rays, and UV radiation.b. / Cigarette smoke, pollutants such as pesticides, and some household chemicals.
c. / X rays, radiation, and some forms of industrial waste.
d. / All of the above are examples of mutagens.
____ 23. Treatment for mutations that alter the genes is called
a. / gene correction. / c. / genetic manipulation.b. / gene therapy. / d. / genetic surgery.
____ 24. When mutations are corrected by inserting healthy genes, the result is
a. / the correct proteins are produced.b. / the cell reproduces the new genetic material.
c. / healthy genes are inserted into the chromosomes.
d. / all of the above occur.
____ 25. What is the correct order for building a protein from a gene?
I / Ribosomes build the protein.II / RNA is copied from the DNA in the nucleus.
III / RNA carrying the gene code is read by the ribosomes.
IV / RNA is sent out into the cytoplasm.
a. / II, IV, III, I / c. / II, III, IV, I
b. / III, I, II, IV / d. / I, IV, III, II
Completion
Complete each statement.
26. DNA is found in the form of long strands called ______.
27. Each strand of DNA is divided up into functional units called ______.
28. Each gene is responsible for coding for a particular ______.
29. A DNA molecule looks somewhat like a coiled ladder. The rungs (or steps) of the ladder are made up of ______.
Their names are : ______,______,______,
______
30. A DNA molecule looks somewhat like a coiled ladder. The sides of the ladder are made of phosphate and ______.
31. Within the cell, the DNA is found in the ______.
32. Mutations of the DNA within the nucleus of a cell can be caused by exposure to ______.
33. The cell part responsible for controlling the flow of materials into and out of the cell is the ______.
34. The message to produce a specific protein is carried from the DNA to the ribosome by means of ______.