Name Date Class
Content Vocabulary LESSON 2
Metals
Directions: Each of the statements below is false. Change the underlined word(s) to make each statement true.
Write your changes on the lines provided.
luster / malleability / metal / transition element
1. A (n) alkaline earth metal is an element in groups 3–12
of the periodic table.
2. Malleability is the ability of a metal to reflect light.
3. The mass per unit volume of a substance is its ductility.
4. Luster is the ability of a substance to be pulled into thin
wires.
5. A(n) nonmetal is a good conductor of electricity and
thermal energy.
6. A(n) transition element is an element in group 2 of the
periodic table; it has properties similar to those of the
alkali metals.
7. A(n) density is an element in group 1 of the periodic table.
8. Metal is the ability of a substance to be hammered or
rolled into sheets.
28 The Periodic Table
Name Date Class
Lesson Outline LESSON 2
Metals
A. What is a metal?
1. A(n) is an element that is generally shiny, is easily
pulled into wires or hammered into thin sheets, and is a good conductor of
electricity and thermal energy.
2. describes the ability of a metal to reflect light.
3. is a good conductor of thermal energy and electricity
that is commonly used in cookware.
4. is the ability of a substance to be pulled into thin wires.
5. is the ability of a substance to be hammered or rolled
into sheets.
6. Except for mercury, all metals are at room temperature.
7. Metals in the same in the periodic table usually have
very similar chemical properties.
B. Group 1: Alkali Metals
1. The elements in group 1 of the periodic table are the .
They include lithium, , potassium, rubidium,
, and francium.
2. Because alkali metals quickly with other elements,
they exist in nature only as .
3. Pure alkali metals are in color. They are very
and have low density.
C. Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals
1. The elements in group 2 of the periodic table are the .
They include beryllium, , calcium, strontium, barium,
and .
2. Alkaline earth metals are not quite as as alkali metals.
Still, they occur naturally only as .
3. Alkaline earth metals are in color, similar to alkali metals.
4. Alkaline earth metals have a low but have a greater
density than alkali metals.
The Periodic Table 29
Name Date Class
Lesson Outline continued
D. Groups 3–12: Transition Metals
1. The elements in groups 3–12 of the periodic table are
the .
2. The transition elements are shown in two blocks in the periodic table; one block
is in the of the table; the other block includes two
rows at the of the table.
3. Transition metals have densities,
strength, melting points
and are less reactive than alkali metals and alkaline earth metals.
4. Main-block transition elements such as make good
building materials.
5. Main-block transition elements react with other elements and form colorful
, some of which are used in paints and pigments.
6. The top row of transition elements at the bottom of the periodic table is the
series, and the bottom row is the
series.
E. Patterns in Properties of Metals
1. As you go from right to left across the periodic table, metallic properties of the
elements tend to .
2. As you go from the top of a group of elements to the bottom of the group, the
metallic properties of the group tend to .
30 The Periodic Table
Name Date Class
Content Practice B LESSON 2
Metals
Directions: On each line, write the term from the word bank that correctly completes each sentence. Some terms
might be used more than once or not at all.
decrease / density / ductility / electricity
greater / higher / increase / less
metals / luster / malleability / melting point
transition / physical / quickly / slowly
A study of the periodic table quickly shows that most elements are
(1.) . In fact, all but one of the elements in groups
1–12 are (2.) . Some of the elements in groups 13–15 also are
(3.) . All metals share certain
(4.) properties. One property that defines a metal is the
ability to reflect light, or (5.) . Another quality is the ability
to conduct thermal energy and (6.) . This property is
known as (7.) . Gold has the highest
(8.) , which is the ability to be pulled into thin wires.
Many metals are valued for their (9.) , which is the ability to
be hammered or rolled into sheets. Metals also have other physical properties, such as
(10.) , which is their mass per unit volume, boiling point,
strength, and (11.) .
Three categories of metals are (12.) metals,
(13.) earth metals, and (14.)
elements. Each of these categories has distinct physical and chemical properties. Alkaline
earth metals, for example, are soft and silvery, have (15.)
density than alkali metals, and react (16.) quickly with other
elements. Transition elements have (17.) melting points and
(18.) densities than the other categories of metals.
Alkali metals react (19.) with other elements such as oxygen.
The Periodic Table 33
Name Date Class
Key Concept Builder LESSON 2
Metals
Key Concept What elements are metals?
Directions: Work with a partner. Complete this chart by choosing terms from the word bank and writing them
in the correct spaces. Some terms will be used more than once.
Group 2 / Groups 3–12 / Group 14 / transition element
The Periodic Table 35
Name Date Class
Key Concept Builder LESSON 2
Metals
Key Concept What elements are metals?
Directions: Complete this chart by listing a fact or term next to each bullet.
36 The Periodic Table
Name Date Class
Key Concept Builder LESSON 2
Metals
Key Concept What are the properties of metals?
Directions: Complete this chart by writing the correct response to each question in the space provided.
The Periodic Table 37
Name Date Class
Key Concept Builder LESSON 2
Metals
Key Concept What are the properties of metals?
Directions: Complete this chart by writing the correct response to each question or statement in the space
provided.
38 The Periodic Table
Lesson 2: Metals
A. What is a metal?
1. A(n) metal is an element that is generally shiny, is easily pulled into wires or hammered into thin sheets, and is a good conductor of electricity and thermal energy.
2. Luster describes the ability of a metal to reflect light.
3. Copper is a good conductor of thermal energy and electricity that is commonly used in cookware.
4. Ductility is the ability of a substance to be pulled into thin wires.
5. Malleability is the ability of a substance to be hammered or rolled into sheets.
6. Except for mercury, all metals are solid at room temperature.
7. Metals in the same group in the periodic table usually have very similar chemical properties.
B. Group 1: Alkali Metals
1. The elements in group 1 of the periodic table are the alkali metals. They include lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium.
2. Because alkali metals react quickly with other elements, they exist in nature only as compounds.
3. Pure alkali metals are silver in color. They are very soft and have low density.
C. Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals
1. The elements in group 2 of the periodic table are the alkaline earth metals. They include beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and radium.
2. Alkaline earth metals are not quite as reactive as alkali metals. Still, they occur naturally only as compounds.
3. Alkaline earth metals are silver in color, similar to alkali metals.
4. Alkaline earth metals have a low density but have a greater density than alkali metals.
D. Groups 3–12: Transition Elements
1. The elements in groups 3–12 of the periodic table are the transition elements.
2. The transition elements are located in two blocks in the periodic table; one block is in the center of the table; the other block includes two rows at the bottom of the table.
3. Transition metals have higher densities, greater strength, higher melting points and are less reactive than alkali metals and alkaline earth metals.
4. Main-block transition elements such as iron [or another element in the group] make good building materials.
5. Main-block transition elements react with other elements and form colorful compounds, some of which are used in paints and pigments.
6. The top row of transition elements at the bottom of the periodic table is the lanthanide series, and the bottom row is the actinide series.
E. Patterns in Properties of Metals
1. As you go from right to left across the periodic table, metallic properties of the elements tend to increase.
2. As you go from the top of a group of elements to the bottom of the group, the metallic properties of the group tend to increase.
Content Vocabulary (page 28)
1. transition element
2. luster
3. density
4. Ductility
5. metal
6. alkaline earth metal
7. alkali metal
8. Malleability
Content Practice B (page 33)
1. metals
2. metals
3. metals
4. physical
5. luster
6. electricity
7. conductivity
8. ductility
9. malleability
10. density
11. melting point
12. alkali
13. alkaline
14. transition
15. greater
16. less
17. higher
18. higher
19. quickly
Key Concept Builder (page 37)
1. Describe or identify something without changing its chemical makeup.
2. (in any order) luster, conductivity, ductility, malleability, density, strength, boiling point, melting point
3. the ability or inability of a substance to change into one or more substances
4. by the reactions that occur when two elements interact