Bionics Questions – Section 3

933 001 / H6, H7, H9 / 9.3.3.b / 2 - 5 /

Marks3

Trace the diagram opposite of the human body.

  1. Show on the diagram the position of a hinge joint and sliding joint.
  2. Describe how you would demonstratethe range of movement allowed by different types of synovial joints.

Criteria / Marks
  1. Correctly labelled part of body for each joint type
/ 1
  1. Provide at least two features of demonstration
/ 2
933 002 / H6, H7, H9 / 9.3.3.f, h / 2 - 4 /

Marks4

The table below shows the rank order and description of the properties of some alloys and polymers used in bionics (1 = best, 4 = worst).

Property / Stainless
Steel / Titanium
Alloy / Polymer [UHMWPE] / Superalloy
Strength / 2 / 2 / 4 / 1
Density / 4 / 3 / 1 / 2
Elasticity. / 3 / 4 / 1 / 2
Cost / 4 / 3 / 2 / 1
  1. Name one other important property of a bio medical material.[1 mark]
  2. Describe the properties of TWO (named) materials used in bionics.[3 marks]

Marking Criteria / Marks
Part aNames one other property / 1
Part bProvides at least two features of properties of TWO materials / 3
Provides one or two properties for one or two materials / 1 - 2
933 003 / H7, H9 / 9.3.3.f / 2 - 4 /

Marks2

Identify the properties of UHMWPE that make it suitable for replacing cartilage.

Criteria / Marks
4 properties / 2
3 properties / 1
933 004 / H4, H9 / 9.3.3.c, f, g / 2 - 5 /

Marks5

Cartilage sometimes needs to be replaced in joints

  1. Describe the role of cartilage[2 marks]
  2. Describe the properties UHMWPE needs to have to replace cartilage[3 mks]

933 005 / H1, H4, H5 / 9.3.3.h / 2 - 5 /

Marks3

Superalloys are used to make the ball and stem section of a joint.

  1. Describe the properties of the alloys.[2 marks]
  2. Discuss how an uncemented implant forms a bond with bone.[3 marks]

Criteria / Marks
aIdentify two alloys and provide at least three features of properties / 2
bIdentify 1 or 2 issues and provide three points for &/or against / 3
Identify 1 issue and provide points for &/or against / 1 - 2
933 006 / H9 / 9.3.3.b / 4 – 5 /

Marks1

Which joint is correctly matched to the movement and the body part?

Joint / Movement / Body part
A / Ball & socket / Movement in two planes - side to side; rotation / Elbow
B / Pivot / Movement is rotational / Hip
C / Sliding / Movement in all directions but not rotational / Metacarpals
D / Double Hinge / Movement in one plane with some rotation / Wrist
933 007 / H9 / 9.3.3.e / 2 - 3 /

Marks1

What biomaterial would be suitable to replace joints that only bear small forces such as in the fingers and toes?

A.SiliconeB.A super alloy

C.A ceramic materialD.A durable, flexible material

933 008 / H9 / 9.3.3.c / 4 – 5 /

Marks2

Describe the role of cartilage in joints.[2 marks]

Marking Criteria
/
Marks
  • Provides at least TWO important features of the role of cartilage
/ 2
  • Provides ONE important feature of the role of cartilage
/ 1
933 009 / H9 / 9.3.3.ii / 2 – 4 /

Marks3

Briefly outline how you would examine the relationship between cartilage, muscle, tendon and bone in animal limbs. [3 marks]

Marking Criteria
/
Marks
 / 3
 / 1 - 2
933 010 / H11, H12 / 9.3.3.v / 2 - 4 /

Marks4

The following method was used to demonstrate that silicone is impervious to water.

  1. Coat a nail in silicone
  2. Place coated nail in water
  3. Leave for a few days
  4. Observe to see if any rust appeared to form on the nail

a.Identify two improvements you would make to this method.[1 mark]

bExplain why one of these improvements improves the validity of the experiment.[3]

Marking Criteria
/
Marks
 / 3
 / 1 - 2
933 011 / H9 / 9.3.3.b / 2 - 3 /

Marks1

What type of synovial joint is shown in the diagram?

Aball and socket

Bhinge

Csliding

Dpivot

933 012 / H6, H7, H9 / 9.3.3.all / 2 - 4 /

Marks4

There are three basic groups of biomaterials: metals, ceramics and polymers.

  1. Identify properties of biomaterials that are necessary for them to be used in humans.

[2 marks]

b.Name one biomaterial and outline how it is used.[2 marks]

Marking Criteria – Part a / Marks
Name four properties including biocompatibility / 2
Name at least two properties / 1
Marking Criteria – Part b / Marks
Name one biomaterial
Identify two facts relating to how the biomaterial is used / 2
Identify two properties of a named biomaterial / 1
933 013 / H9 / 9.3.3.b / 3 - 4 /

Marks1

The diagram opposite shows a human arm.

Identify the location of a sliding joint.

APart A

BPart B

CPart C

DPart D

933 014 / H9 / 9.3.3.b / 2-3 /

Marks1

Which of the four choices correctly matches the name of a synovial joint to the diagrams? (NB the diagrams are not drawn to the same scale)

XYZ
X / Y / Z

A

/ Knee / Shoulder / Wrist
B / Hinge / Ball & socket / Sliding
C / Hinge / Ball & socket / Pivot
D / Double hinge / Ball & socket / Condyloid
Sample AnswerB
933 015 / H4, H9 / 9.3.3.f / 2 - 4 /

Marks3

Describe the properties that make ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) a suitable alternative to cartilage.

Marking Criteria / Marks
Description of UHMWPE providing a low friction surface and at least TWO other properties. / 3
Description of ONE or TWO properties of UHMWPE or
Identification of THREE properties / 1 - 2

2001 CSSA Trial HSC

933 016 / H13 / 9.3.3.f, iii / 2 - 5 /

Marks5

The table below shows the heart rate of people at different levels of activity.

All the people performed the same activity (a treadmill at different slopes)

Persons
name / Age
Group /

Heart rate

At rest / After moderate effort / After Hard Effort
Carlos / 25 to 40 / 70 / 80 / 105
Liu / Over 40 / 75 / 90 / 140
Tye / Under 25 / 65 / 75 / 100
James / 25 to 40 / 70 / 85 / 120
Cameron / Under 25 / 65 / 80 / 110
Fred / Over 40 / 70 / 90 / 135

aPlot this data onto the graph below. (3 marks)

Different types of lines should represent different age groups.

Use a key to indicate age groups

bWhat conclusions could be drawn using only this data? (2 marks)

Marking Criteria
/ Marks
Part a
Label both horizontal and vertical axes
Correctly plots points
Distinguishes between age groups with different lines and key / 3
Part b
Draws correct conclusions
  • older age has higher pulse rate when at rest &
  • heart rate increases considerably with exercise
/ 2