AP Psychology Unit 10 Study Guide Personality

AP Psychology Unit 10 Study Guide -- Personality

Freud’s Psychoanalytic Perspective: Exploring the Unconscious

A. Psychoanalytic Theory’s Core Ideas

1. Free association

2. Psychoanalysis

3. Unconscious

4. How did Sigmund Freud’s treatment of psychological disorders lead to his view of the unconscious mind?

B. Personality Structure

5. Id

6. Ego

7. Superego

C. Personality Development

8. Psychosexual stages

9. Oedipus complex

10. Electra complex

11. Identification

12. fixate

D. Defense Mechanisms

18. Defense mechanisms

19. Repression

EVALUATING FREUD’S PSYCHOANALYTIC PERSPECTIVE

27. How do contemporary psychologists view Freud’s psychoanalysis?

PSYCHODYNAMIC THEORIES AND MODERN VIEWS OF THE UNCONSCIOUS

A. The Neo-Freudian and Psychodynamic Theorists

28. Psychodynamic theories

29. Alfred Adler

30. Karen Horney

31. Carl Jung

32. Collective unconscious

33. Archetypes

B. Assessing Unconscious Processes

34. Projective tests

35. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

36. Rorschach inkblot test

37. What are projective tests?

38. How are projective tests used?

39. What are some criticisms of projective tests?

C. The Modern Unconscious Mind

40. False consensus effect

41. Terror-management theory

42. How has modern research developed our understanding of the unconscious?

HUMANISTIC THEORIES

A. Abraham Maslow’s Self-Actualizing Person

43. Humanistic theorists

44. Self-actualization

45. How did humanistic psychologists view personality?

46. What was their goal in studying personality?

B. Carl Rogers’ Person-Centered Perspective

47. Unconditioned positive regard

C. Assessing the Self

48. How did humanistic psychologists assess a person’s sense of self?

D. Evaluating Humanistic Theories

49. How have humanistic theories influenced psychology?

50. What criticisms have they faced?

TRAIT THEORIES

A. Trait Theories

51. Traits

52. Factor analysis

53. Hans and Sybil Eysenck

54. How do psychologists use traits to describe personality?

B. Assessing Traits

55. Personality inventories

56. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

57. What are personality inventories?

58. What are their strengths and weaknesses as trait-assessment tools?

C. The Big Five Factors

59. Which traits seem to provide the most useful information about personality variation?

D. Evaluating Trait Theories

65. Does research support the consistency of personality traits over time and across situations?

SOCIAL-COGNITIVE THEORIES AND EXPLORING THE SELF

A. Social-Cognitive Theories

66. Social-cognitive perspective

67. Behavioral approach

68. Reciprocal determinism

69. Who first proposed the social-cognitive perspective?

70. How do social-cognitive theorists view personality development?

B. Assessing Behavior in Situations

71 How do social-cognitive researchers explore behavior, and what criticisms have they faced?

C. Exploring the Self

72. Spotlight effect

73. Self-efficacy

74. How important is self-esteem to psychology and to human well-being?

D. Self-Serving Bias

75. Self-serving bias

76. Narcissism

77. How do defensive and secure self-esteem differ?

E. Culture and the Self

78. Individualism

79. Collectivist