6211LLAMINAM® PORCELAIN TILING
1.GENERAL
Masterspec sections must be customised to suit the project being specified, by removing irrelevant information and adding project-specific information and selections.
This section relates to the supply and installation of The Laminex Group LAMINAM® porcelain floor and wall tiles.
It includes:
- interior and exterior floor tiling on concrete and timber floor overlays
- interior wall tiling on cement render walls, concrete masonry, sheet linings on timber framing.
Modify / expand this clause to suit requirements of this specification section.
When laying floor tiles over a timber structure, take all steps necessary to allow for the increased dead load and to minimise deflection.
1.1RELATED WORK
Refer to ~ for ~
Include cross references only to other work sections where they include directly related work.
Refer to appropriate underfloor heating section for the electric undertile heating system.
Refer to 6811 WATERPROOFING AND ACOUSTIC UNDERLAY SYSTEM for waterproofing and/or acoustic membranes.
Refer to 6192 FLOORING SUBSTRATE PREPARATION for existing flooring preparation and cover underlays (not available in all Masterspec systems)
Documents
1.2DOCUMENTS
Refer to the general section 1233 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS. The following documents are specifically referred to in this section:
NZBC E3/AS1Internal moisture
ASTM C-1028Standard test method for determining the static coefficient of friction of ceramic tile and other like surfaces by the horizontal dynamometer pull-meter method
AS/NZS 3661.1Slip resistance of pedestrian surfaces - Requirements
AS 3740Waterproofing of wet areas within residential buildings
AS 3958.1Ceramic tiles - Guide to the installation of ceramic tiles
NZS 4121Design for access and mobility - Buildings and associated facilities
AS/NZS 4671Steel reinforcing materials
AS 4992.2Ceramic tiles - Grouts and adhesives
BRANZGood practice guide: Tiling
DIN 51130Testing of floor coverings - Determination of the anti-slip property - Workrooms and fields of activities with slip danger, Walking method - Ramp test.
Slip resistance requirements in NZBC D1/VM1 and NZBC D1/AS1 reference the superseded Standard AS/NZS 3661.1 (at time of writing). For extreme situations, the Alternative Solution AS/NZS 4586 may be more suitable. Modify the clause to suit.
Delete from the DOCUMENTS clause any document not cited. List any additional cited documents.
The following are related documents and if referred to in the work section need to be added to the list of DOCUMENTS
NZBC E2/AS1External moisture
NZBC G1/AS1Personal hygiene
AS/NZS 4586Slip resistance classification of new pedestrian surface materials
AS/NZS 4663Slip resistance measurement of existing pedestrian surfaces
AS 4992.1-4Grouts and Adhesives
AS/NZS 4858Wet Area Membranes
BRANZ BU 370Slip resistance of floors
BRANZ BU 410Selecting tiles
BRANZ BU 413Substrates for floor tiles
BRANZ BU 531Designing for thermal and moisture movement
1.3MANUFACTURER/SUPPLIER DOCUMENTS
Manufacturer's and supplier's documents relating to this part of the work:
The Laminex Group LAMINAM® Brochure
The Laminex Group LAMINAM® Technical Guide
List documents relating to this part of the work, i.e. technical product/system specifications, test reports, appraisals, certification, etc. Normally they will be referred to in the text by the abbreviated title.
Manufacturer/supplier contact details
Company:The Laminex Group
Web:
Email:
Telephone:09 571 4448
It is important to ensure that all personnel on site have access to accurate, up to date technical information on the many products, materials and equipment used on a project. In most cases individual products are not used in isolation, but form part of a building process. Also a particular manufacturer's and/or supplier's requirements for handling, storage, preparation, installation, finishing and protection of their product can vary from what might be considered the norm. Access to technical information can help overcome this potential problem.
Warranties
1.4WARRANTY - MANUFACTURER/SUPPLIER
Provide a The Laminex Group material warranty:
10 years:For materials
-Provide this warranty on the manufacturer/supplier standard form.
-Commence the warranty from the date of practical completion of the contract works.
Refer to the general section 1237 WARRANTIES for additional requirements.
Modify or expand the clause to suit project or manufacturer/supplier requirements, options include:
-Change the standard form to be used (check with the manufacturer/supplier, use the general section 1237WA WARRANTY AGREEMENT if required)
-Commence the warranty from the date of purchase (check with the manufacturer/supplier)
1.5WARRANTY - INSTALLER
Provide an installer warranty:
2 years:For workmanship
-Provide this warranty on the installer standard form.
-Commence the warranty from the date of practical completion of the contract works.
Refer to the general section 1237 WARRANTIES for additional requirements.
Modify or expand the clause to suit project or installer/applicator requirements, options include:
-Change the standard form to be used (check with the installer/applicator, use the general section 1237WA WARRANTY AGREEMENT if required)
-Commence the warranty from the date of installation (check with the installer/applicator)
Requirements
1.6QUALIFICATIONS
Tilers to be experienced in the installation of LAMINAM® porcelain tiles and be included in The Laminex Group list of approved tilers. If requested provide evidence of qualification / experience prior to commencing work.
This clause includes generic text which should be expanded only if there are specific qualification requirements.
1.7NO SUBSTITUTIONS
Substitutions are not permitted to any of the specified systems, components and associated products listed in this section.
1.8SAMPLES
Refer to the general section 1270 CONSTRUCTION for details of how samples will be reviewed.
Provide the following samples for review by the Contract Administrator:
~
The general section 1270 CONSTRUCTION describes how samples are to be addressed. Use this clause to describe specific requirements for the samples and prototypes.
1.9DEFLECTION CRITERIA FOR SUSPENDED FLOORS
Check that the floor is rigid enough for the tiling. Deflection of suspended floors should not exceed 1/360th of the span under dead load and live load.
When using large tiles, consider tightening the deflection criteria, particularly for spans over 3.0m. For existing floors a structural check should be carried out to ensure the framing is able to carry the tile loads and meet the deflection criteria.
1.10ADHESIVES COMPATIBILITY
Adhesives selected for use on proprietary substrates or waterproof membranes to have documented compatibility approval from the respective manufacturers.
1.11PROVIDE SPARE TILES
Provide spare tiles. Refer to SELECTIONS for type and quantity.
Performance - floor tiles
Slip resistance requirements are expressed in NZBC D1/VM1 and NZBC D1/AS1 to AS/NZS 3661.1. Although not recognised by the NZBC, when using NZBC D1/VM1for extreme situations AS/NZS 4586 may be more suitable. NZBC D1/AS1 also requires a durability of the surface of 5 years, accelerated wear tests certificates may be required to prove long term slip resistance in critical areas. Modify the following clauses to suit.
1.12SLIP RESISTANCE FOR ACCESS ROUTES
Slip resistance for tiles to comply with NZBC D1/AS1: 2.0 Level access routes and 3.0 Ramps:
-when in place on a level access route, to have a mean coefficient of friction (µ) not less than 0.4 when tested in accordance with AS/NZS 3661.1.
-when in place on a sloping access route, to have a coefficient of friction (µ) not less than 0.4 + 0.0125S (S = slope of surface expressed as a percentage).
Use this clause when specifying by performance. Refer to the NZBC D1/VM1 and NZBC D1/AS1. Higher figures may be appropriate for critical areas like swimming pools etc. This clause may justify expansion, particularly where tiles are being laid in public areas.
Note: Percentage slope S = vertical rise divided by horizontal distance and multiplied by 100. Example: 1:12 gradient = (1/12) x100 = 8.33%.
Laminam tiles have a mean coefficient of friction (µ) of 0.21 to 0.26 when tested in accordance with AS/NZS 3661.1. To achieve a mean coefficient of friction (µ ) of 0.4 or greater, an anti-slip treatment is required to be applied on site. Consult with The Laminex Group direct for details of the treatment when the project requires compliance with AS/NZS 3661.1.
1.13PROVIDE EVIDENCE OF SLIP RESISTANCE
Provide evidence that the tiles comply with the standard of performance specified.
Use this clause if the contractor is to obtain the evidence.
Compliance information
1.14INFORMATION REQUIRED FOR CODE COMPLIANCE
Provide the following compliance documentation:
-Manufacturer's, importer's or distributor's warranty
-Installer's warranty
2.PRODUCTS
Materials
2.1TILES
LAMINAM® 3+, a full body porcelain tile obtained by wet grinding of clayish raw materials, granite and metamorphic, feldspar-containing rocks and ceramic pigments. Compacted by a special shaping in compacter and sintering at 1200°C, with hybrid firing. Single gauge square edge with fibreglass blanket bonded to back to provide structural reinforcement. Suitable for use on interior and exterior floors and interior wall applications. LAMINAM® 3+Tiles are not to be used in floor areas subject to very heavy traffic, nor on raised floors. Refer to SELECTIONS.
If application is likely to be heavy traffic area check suitability with The Laminex Group Ltd.
2.2COMPRESSED FIBRE CEMENT SHEET
18mm Thick high density sheet of Portland cement, fine sand, cellulose fibre and water, with a smooth finish both sides.
If this sheet is specified here as part of the tiling system, specify the floor joists required for 600mm centre loads, but set at 400mm centres (in 3821 TIMBER FRAMING) to minimise deflection.
2.3FIBRE CEMENT FLOOR OVERLAY
6mm or 9mm thick sheet of Portland cement, sand, fine cellulose fibre and water, with a smooth finish.
Delete if using 6192 FLOORING SUBSTRATE PREPARATION (not available in all Masterspec systems)
2.4FIBRE CEMENT WALL OVERLAY
6mm or 9mm thick sheet of Portland cement, sand, fine cellulose fibre and water, with a smooth finish.
Components
2.5LIQUID WATERPROOFING MEMBRANE
To AS 3740.
Check selections are suitable for continuous wet areas like decks and showers.
Delete if using the section 6811 WATERPROOFING AND ACOUSTIC UNDERLAY SYSTEM.
2.6TILE ADHESIVE
To AS 4992.2.
2.7PRIMER
Water based primer as applicable, for treatment of surface prior to tile installation.
On crumbled or absorbent wall surfaces primer required. Check compatibility of primer with adhesive system selected for the project.
2.8PROPRIETARY GROUT
Cement based, compressible and to suit particular location/use. To AS 4992.2.
2.9MOVEMENT JOINT SEALANT
To BRANZ Good practice guide: Tiling, section 5.0.
-Neutral cured sealant for areas where Laminam is joining natural stone, glass or similar.
-Acid cured sealant for areas where Laminam is joining Laminam or other ceramic materials
Note: Check compatibility of membrane and sealant, use bond breaking tape to separate them if required.
Components - floor tiling
2.10SCREED
Mix of 3:1 Portland cement, coarse washed sand gauged with liquid polymer additive to The Laminex Group requirements.
2.11CEMENT MORTAR
Sand and cement bedding coat with liquid polymer additive, to The Laminex Group requirements.
2.12ANTI FRACTURE/UNCOUPLING MEMBRANE
Proprietary anti-fracture/uncoupling membrane.
Mostly used when substrate movement is possible, also used in some deck systems.
2.13ACOUSTIC OVERLAY
Minimal thickness sound control system to isolate impact noise.
Delete if using the section 6811 WATERPROOFING AND ACOUSTIC UNDERLAY SYSTEM.
2.14UNDERFLOOR HEATING
Refer to appropriate underfloor heating section for electric undertile heating system.
Accessories
2.15ALUMINIUM TRIM
L Angle 3mm wide x 4.5mm, Squareline 4.5mm x 4.5mm, both available in Matt or Bright Silver finish.
Accessories - floor tiling
2.16EXPANSION JOINT, METAL AND RUBBER
Clear anodised aluminium/brass with metal anchor to set into in-situ concrete, cement screed/bed and complete with rubber infill.
2.17EXPANSION JOINT, METAL AND COMPOUND
Aluminium/brass angles with high density foam rubber insert and jointing compound.
2.18EXPANSION JOINT, PLASTIC
Rigid stabilised PVC sides with flexible central section.
There are many types of expansion joint available. When selecting tiles establish the joint system required for that situation. Use the EXPANSION JOINT, METAL AND COMPOUND clause with a joint requiring a flexible compound.
3.EXECUTION
Conditions
3.1DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING
Take delivery of materials and goods and store on site and protect from damage.
Protect finished surfaces, edges and corners from damage.
Move/handle goods in accordance with The Laminex Group requirements.
Reject and replace goods that are damaged or will not provide the required finish.
The general section 1270 CONSTRUCTION describes how deliveries are to be managed and the goods stored.
3.2CHECK TILES
Check tiles to ensure that they are as specified, from the same batch, of a consistent colour and pattern and sufficient to complete the work. Reject tiles that vary widely in colour or pattern. Reject tiles that are damaged.
3.3CONFIRM LAYOUT
Before commencing work confirm the proposed layout of tiles and expansion joints and other visual considerations of the finished work.
3.4SETTING OUT
Before commencing the setting out confirm the number and location of cut tiles. Minimise in number with no cut tiles less than half size and only at the perimeter of the work.
3.5SERVICES AND ACCESSORIES
Ensure that all services and accessories are in place and located to suit the tile layout, and that the substrate, background and adjoining surfaces (with the preparation called for in this section) are of the quality necessary to allow tiling of the required standard.
3.6SUBSTRATE TEMPERATURE
Do not carry out tiling where the substrate temperature is below 5°C or above 40°C.
3.7GENERALLY
Prepare surface and complete tiling work in accordance with AS 3958.1, as modified by BRANZ Good practice guide: Tiling.
Conditions - floor tiling
3.8DO NOT START
Do not start laying tiles until concrete floors are cured (for a period of at least three weeks), moisture content of floors is such that shrinkage is complete, thermal movement has been accommodated and the levels and surface finish will achieve tile laying of the required standard.
3.9MOISTURE CONTENT
Ensure the floor is dry and if in doubt check for moisture content by hygrometer. Do not proceed with tiling work until readings for the whole area show 75% relative humidity or less.
Conditions - interior wall tiling
3.10LIGHTING
Light the tile work as closely and clearly as possible to that of the finished lighting, to ensure that differences in plane surface are highlighted during installation.
Use this clause where the building design results in lighting oblique to the surface.
Application - preparing new floor surfaces
3.11CONCRETE FLOORS
Completely remove surface contaminants such as paints, oils, release and curing compounds. Remove projections, unevenness and loose material to leave a clean dust and dirt free surface. Surface must be completely flat, with a maximum deviation of 3mm per 2metres. Measure the flatness using an aluminium or steel flat edge at least 2metres long. Flatness differences must be smoothed. Depressions greater than 3mm can be filled with a suitable self-levelling compound. Raised areas greater than 3mm can be levelled by sanding or grinding.
Specify under concrete for a wood float or soft broom finish to accept tiling systems. Do not use a power steel float finish as this will require scabbling and/or acid etching to accept tiling.
3.12SCREEDS
Form screeds with a deviation from plane of not more than 3mm per 2metres.
3.13FALLS
Form screeds in areas where water is used in significant amounts with a deviation from plane of not more than 3mm per 2 metres. Unless otherwise specified form screeds with the following falls:
Unless stated otherwise provide minimum fall gradients to BRANZ Good Practice Guide - Tiling, clause 6.5 Falls in floors.
1: 40 minimumFor tiled decks which also acts as a roof
1: 60 minimumFor paving over ground
1: 50 minimumFor unenclosed shower bases (to NZBC E3/AS1, 3.3.5)
1: 60 minimumFor enclosed shower bases
1: 50 minimumFor shower bases for people with disabilities (to NZS 4121, 10.5.11.3 (b).)
1: 60 minimumFor commercial kitchens or similar
NOTE: A deck with tiles over a membrane is an alternative solution; check with the BCA to confirm requirements in addition to the NZBC. NZBC E2/AS1, fig 56 shows a 1:40 fall for a membrane deck acting as a roof.
Note: Accessible Showers maximum fall 1:40 NZBC G1/AS1, fig 5 and 8.
3.14TIMBER FLOORS WITH FIBRE CEMENT SHEET OVERLAY
Completely remove surface contaminants such as paints and loose material, to leave a clean dust and dirt free surface with screw heads flush. Surface must be completely flat, with a maximum deviation of 3mm per 2metres. Measure the flatness using an aluminium or steel flat edge at least 2metres long. Flatness differences must be smoothed. Depressions greater than 3mm can be filled with a suitable self-levelling compound. Raised areas greater than 3mm can be levelled by sanding or grinding.
3.15ANTI FRACTURE/UNCOUPLING MEMBRANE SYSTEM TO TIMBER FLOORS
Cover timber floors with the anti fracture/uncoupling membrane to manufacturer's requirements.
Application - preparing existing floor surfaces
3.16EXISTING CONCRETE FLOORS
Completely remove existing surface finishes down to the concrete. If the exposed concrete finish is not suitable then scabble or acid etch the surface to expose the coarse aggregate.
3.17EXISTING TIMBER FLOORS WITH FIBRE CEMENT OVERLAY
Cover timber floors with 6 mm thick fibre cement sheet overlay on the flooring and across the joists, glued and nailed with relief joints, to the overlay manufacturer's requirements.
Delete if using 6192 FLOORING SUBSTRATE PREPARATION (not available in all Masterspec systems).
3.18ANTI FRACTURE/UNCOUPLING MEMBRANE SYSTEM TO EXISTING TIMBER FLOORS
Cover existing timber floors with the anti fracture/uncoupling membrane to manufacturer's requirements.
Application - preparing new interior wall surfaces
3.19NEW CONCRETE OR MASONRY WALLS
Ensure structural walls have air dried for 4 weeks before applying mortar/adhesive. Ensure concrete and/or concrete block is dry and if in doubt check for moisture content by hygrometer. Do not proceed with tiling work until readings for the whole area show 75% relative humidity or less.
Remove contaminants including form release oil that may affect bonding or adhesion. Surface to finish clean and dry with a texture giving a complete key.
3.20NEW SHEET LININGS
Remove contaminants that may affect bonding or adhesion. Surface to finish clean and dry with a texture to give a complete key to The Laminex Group requirements and with a maximum variation in the background plane of 3mm in 2 metres.
Application - preparing existing interior wall surfaces