Which Was NOT One of the Original Observations Made by Darwin?

1. Which was NOT one of the original observations made by Darwin?

1. Organisms had traits that made them well-suited for their environment
2. Species that lived close together looked similar to one another
3. Species in the Galapagos Islands changed to be better-suited for their environment
4. Resemblance between fossils and appearance of living species in a given area
5. Species in the Galapagos Islands showed similarities to species on the mainland

1. Which are the two major points made by Darwin in Origin of Species?

1. Individuals adapt to gain environmental advantage during their lifetime
2. Within a population there is descent with modification over time
3. Natural Selection is the mechanism for descent with modification
4. Natural Selection happened through random chance to cause change

1. You have 4 birds. Below is a description of their life history. Which bird has the highest fitness?

Bird 1: Reaches sexual maturity at 6 months, lives 8 years, has 20 surviving offspring Bird 2: Reaches sexual maturity at 8 months, lives 7 years, has 18 surviving offspring Bird 3: Reaches sexual maturity at 2 months, lives 8 years, has 14 surviving offspring Bird 4: Reaches sexual maturity at 4 months, lives 5 years, has 18 surviving offspring

a. Bird 1
b. Bird 2
c. Bird 3
d. Bird 4
e. Bird 2 and Bird 4

1. Two species of predatory cats who evolved from a common ancestor both develop long and flexible tails that are similar, but not identical, to help with balance while running. What type of trait is this?

1. Convergent Feature
2. Analogous Feature
3. Evolutionary Feature
4. Homologous Feature
5. Behavioral Feature

1. Which type of anatomical similarity is due to convergence in two organisms?

1. Convergent Feature
2. Analogous Feature
3. Evolutionary Feature
4. Homologous Feature
5. Behavioral Feature

1. Which of these is/are not example(s) of genetic drift?

1. Founder effect
2. Migration
3. Bottleneck effect
4. Mutation
5. Natural Selection

1. Which of these is/are NOT a condition(s) for natural selection as it relates to trait variability?

1. Individuals with one version of the trait must be able to compete with higher success than other individuals (with another version)
2. The variability of thetrait must be heritable
3. Individuals with one version of the trait have higher reproductive success than other individuals (with another version)
4. There must be variability for the trait

1. What mechanism of evolution is described by migration of groups of individuals into or out of a population?

1. Mutation
2. Genetic Drift
3. Gene Flow
4. Genetic Movement
5. Allele gain/loss

1. Which is the only mechanism of evolution not perpetuated by random chance?

1. Mutation
2. Natural Selection
3. Gene Flow
4. Genetic Drift

1. In a population of mice with variability in fur color, ranging from very light tan to very dark brown, how would you describe natural selection where individuals with very dark colored fur are having more reproductive success than all other individuals?

1. Stabilizing Selection
2. Disruptive Selection
3. Sexual Selection
4. Directional Selection

1. What type of natural selection specifically relates to selection that occurs because certain individuals have traits that make them more likely to be able to find a mate?

1. Stabilizing Selection

1. Disruptive Selection
2. Sexual Selection
3. Directional Selection

1. Which is not a trait of algae

1. Multicellular
2. Exhibit alternation of generations
3. Eukaryotic
4. Have flagellated sperm
5. Photosynthetic

1. Which isn’t an advantage of living on land?

1. Exposure to bright sunlight
2. Nutrient-rich soil
3. Plentiful carbon dioxide
4. Less water than aquatic environment
5. All of these are advantages of living on land

1. Which isn’t a trait derived in land plants (unique to land plants)?

1. Apical Meristems

1. Alteration of generations
2. Walled spores produced in sporangia
3. They are photosynthetic

1. Non-vascular plants

1. Distribute water and nutrients through a circulatory system
2. Produce flowers
3. Use diffusion to deliver water and nutrients to other cells
4. Make seeds instead of spores

1. Non-vascular plants don’t

1. Have a circulatory system
2. Have sperm that have to swim through water in order to fertilize
3. Have gametophytes as the dominant stage of their life cycle
4. Use diffusion
5. Have much importance to overall plant diversity

1. Vascular plants differ from non-vascular plants in that

1. They use a circulatory system for delivering water and nutrients
2. They have a diploid sporophyte as their dominant stage in the life cycle
3. Sperm don’t have to swim through water to reach/fertilize the egg
4. A and B
5. All the above

1. What’s false about seeds

1. They have their own supply of food
2. They can lie dormant for long periods of time (compared to spores)
3. They are haploid
4. They make a way for plants to reproduce without sperm needing to swim through water

1. What’s true about angiosperms that isn’t true about gymnosperms?

1. They produce flowers
2. They have a circulatory system
3. They can produce cones
4. They have diploid seeds

1. Select all that are amniotes.

1. Reptiles
2. Mammals
3. Cartilaginous fishes (sharks)
4. Amphibians
5. Birds
6. Primates

1. Which are the three mammal groups?

1. Primates
2. Montremes
3. Marsupials
4. Placental Mammals

1. Which mammal group do humans belong to?
2. Primates
3. Montremes
4. Marsupials
5. Placental Mammals
6. Which is the least common mammal group
7. Primates
8. Montremes
9. Marsupials
10. Placental Mammals

1. Birds come from what line?

1. Reptiles
2. Mammals
3. Amphibians
4. Invertebrates

1. The Tiktaalik has which of the following features

1. Scales
2. Rays
3. Limb that can be used on land
4. All of the above

1. What is important about the Tiktaalik?

1. It was the largest aquatic animal of its time.
2. It was the first aquatic animal with appendages
3. It could swim very quickly for how short its limbs were
4. It is a transitional species

1. Which is not an important event in the history of vertebrate evolution?

1. Lungs
2. Limbs with digits
3. Brain
4. Lobed fins
5. Jaws

1. Which is/are not derived primate characteristics?

1. Bipedalism
2. Fingerprints
3. Complex social behavior
4. Large brain (large head)
5. Short jaws

1. Which is/are not derived primate characteristics?

1. Hands/feet capable of grasping
2. Flat nails (no claws)
3. Forward looking eyes
4. Mammary glands
5. Parental care

1. Which statements are true?

1. Humans evolved from chimpanzees
2. Humans originated in Africa
3. Humans evolved bipedalism
4. There is a direct path from an ancestral ape to Homo sapiens

1. What is a hominin?

1. What level of ecological study is described by the study of different groups of populations interacting in the same geographical area?

1. Individual
2. Population
3. Community
4. Ecosystem

1. Which of these components would not be involved in the makeup of an ecosystem?

1. Mouse
2. Brush
3. Weeds
4. Water
5. Temperature

1. What do you call one population being driven to extinction in an area due to interspecies competition?

1. Resource Partitioning
2. Competitive Exclusion
3. Niche Failure
4. Character Displacement

1. An interspecies interaction where one species benefits and another is

1. Commensalism
2. Predation
3. Mutualism
4. Parasitism
5. Facilitation
6. Selection

1. An interspecies interaction where one species benefits and the other is unaffected is
2. Commensalism
3. Predation
4. Mutualism
5. Parasitism
6. Facilitation
7. Selection
8. What is a species who can have a large effect on the diversity of an area if they aren’t the most abundant species?

1. Primary consumer
2. Dominant Species
3. Keystone species

1. Which are the two important factors in species diversity

1. Abundance of each species
2. Fitness of each species
3. Number of species present
4. Number of predators present
5. Percentage of species that are primary producers