What Does the Sign (标识) Say?
第13课
形容词与付词的比较级和最高级
2008北京中考统一卷 2008.6.26
阅读理解（每题2分，共22分）
A
What does the sign (标识) say?
1. What time doesthe university park open in March?
A. At 6:00 am. B. At 6:30 am. C. At 8:00 am. D. At 8:30 am.
2. Which sign tells you not tosmoke?
A. Sign 2. B. Sign 4. C. Sign 6. D. Sign 8.
3. Where can you see Sign 9?
A. On the playground.B. At the school library.
C. Near the swimming pool.D.Inthe computer room.
B
Do you want to live a happier, less stressful (有压力的) life? Try laughingfor no reason at all.That’s how thousands of people start their day at Laughter Clubs around the world — and many doctors now think that having a good laugh might be one of the best ways to stay healthy.
The first Laughter Clubwas started in Mumbai,India, in 1995 by Dr. Madan Kataria. “Young children laugh about 300 times a day. Adults laugh between 7 and 15 times a day,” says Dr. Kataria. “Everyone’s naturally good at laughing — it’s the universal language. We want people to feel happy with their lives.” There are now more than 500 Laughter Clubs in India and over 1,300 worldwide.
Many doctors are also interested in the effects (效果) of laughter on our health. According to a 5-year study at the UCLA School of Medicine in California, with laughing there is less stress in the body. Laughter improves our health against illness by about 40%.
So, what happens at a Laughter Club? I went along to my nearest club in South London to find out. I was quitenervousat the beginning of the class, to be honest — I wasn’t interested in laughing with a group of strangers, and I was worried about looking stupid. Our laughter teacher told us to clap our hands and say “ho ho ho, ha ha ha,” while looking at each other. However,our bodies can’t tell the difference between fake laughter and real laughter, sothey still produce the samehealthy effects.
Surprisingly, it works! After ten minutes everybody in the room was laughing for real — and some people just couldn’t stop! At the end of the class I was surprised by how relaxed and comfortable I felt. So if you’re under stress, then start laughing. You might be very pleased with the results!
4. In which countrywas thefirst Laughter Clubstarted?
A. Britain. B. America. C. Australia. D.India.
5. How did the writer feel atthe beginning of the class?
A. Surprised. B. Pleased. C.Nervous. D. Stressful.
6. When did the people in the clubbegin to laugh for real?
A. After a few minutes. B. After a few hours.
C. After a few seconds. D. After a few days.
注：该文中心在第二段The new type of pineapple。
More than 10 years ago, it was difficult to buy a tasty pineapple(菠萝). The fruits that made it to the UK were green on the outside and, more often than not, hard with an unpleasant taste within. Then in 1966, the Del Monte Gold pineapple produced in Hawaii first hit our shelves.
Thenewtype of pineapplelooked more yellowy-gold than green. It was slightlysofter on the outside and had a lot of juice inside. But the most important thing about this new type of pineapple was that it was twice as sweet as the hit-and-miss pineapples we had known. In no time, the Del Monte Gold took the market by storm, rapidly becoming the world’s best-selling pineapple variety, and delivering natural levels of sweetness in the mouth, up until then only found in tinned pineapple.
Innutrition(营养)it was all good news too. This nice tasting pineapple contained four times more vitamin C(维生素C)than the old green variety. Nutritionists said that it was not only full of vitamins, but also good against some diseases. People were understandablyeager to be able tobuy this wonderful fruit. The new type of pineapple was selling fast, and the Del Monte Gold pineapple rapidly became afixturein the shopping basket of the healthy eater.
Seeing the growing market for its winning pineapple,Del Monte tried to keep marketto itself. But other fruit companies argued successfully that Del Monte turned to law for help, butfailed. Those companies argued successfully that Del Monte’s attempts to keep the golden pineapple for itself were just a way to knock them out the market.
60. We learn from the text thatthe new type at pineappleis ______.
A.green outside and sweet inside
B.good-looking outside and soft inside
C.yellowy-gold outside and hard inside
D.a little soft outsideand sweet inside
注解：该题为细节题，选择关键词非常重要，题干中的关键词为the new type at pineapple.选项中soft outside and sweet inside正好对应课文中的softer on the outside,twice as sweet。
61. Why was the new type of pineapple selling well?
A.It was rich in nutritionand tasted nice.
B.It was less sweet and good for health.
C.It was developed by Del Monte.
D.It was used as medicine.
四. 阅读题型四大原则： 此项特别重要
1.围着中心转——（先读有中心词的选项. 一般就是答案）
2. 先读容易的选项（读的懂的）先读短的选项 从D向A读
3. 出现多个数字，特别是阿拉伯数字时，须特别小心！
4. 注意：(1) 绝对原则。即有all, every，only等绝对的词一般不是正确答案！All of the above除外 A and b
(2) 选项排除原则。即留取相同项，排除不同项。
(3) 关键词附近有中文注解特别注意
62. The underlined word “fixture”in Paragraph 3 probably refers to something ______.
A. that people enjoy eating B. that is always present
C. that is difficult to get D. that people use as a gift
5. 解释词义
①先读A、B、C、D以确定思考范围
②找到该词的出处
③通过原句或上下文推论该词的意思
63. We learn from the last paragraph thatDel Monte ______.
A.slowed other companies to develop pineapples
B.succeeded in keeping the pineapple for itself
C.tried hard to control the pineapplemarket
D.planned to help the other companies
C 注：该文中心即文章第一句------释放鱼release a fish
It is often necessary to release a fish, that is set it free after catching,because it is too small, or you just don’t want to take it home to eat.In some cases, releasing fish is a good measure that will help keep fish variety and build their population size. The Department of Game and Inland Fisheries (DGIF) encourages fishermen who practice catch-and-release fishing to use a few simple skills when doing so. The advice provided below will help make sure that the fish you release will survive (存活) to bite again another day.
—When catching a fish, play it quickly and keep the fish in the water as much as possible.
Don’t’ use a net in landing the fish and release it quickly to prevent it from dying.
—Hold the fish gently. Do not put your fingers in its eyes. Don’t wipe the scales (鱼鳞) off the fish because it might cause it to develop a disease and reduce its chance of survival.
—Remove your hook (鱼钩) quickly. If the hook is too deep or hooked in the stomach, cut the line and leave the hook in. The hook left inside will cause no serious problem to the fish.
—Take good care of the fish by moving it gently in water . Release the fish when it begins to struggle and is able to swim.
—Do not hold fish in a bucket or some other containers and later decide to release it. If you are going to release a fish, do so right away.
With a little care and by following the suggestions given above, you can give the released fish a better chance of survival.
64. People sometimes set a fish free after catching it because they ______
A. don’t want it to die B. hope it will grow quickly
C. don’t want to have it as food D. want to practice their fishing skills
注解：该题为细节题，选择关键词非常重要，题干中的关键词为set a fish free after catching it because.选项中food正好对应课文中的to eat
65. Which of the following will probably make a fishill?
A. Taking the hook off it. B. Removing its scales.
C. Touching itseves D. Holding it in your hand.
注解：该题为细节题，选择关键词非常重要，题干中的关键词为ill对应课文中a disease.选项中scales 对应课文中scales (鱼鳞) 。
四. 阅读题型四大原则： 此项特别重要
1.围着中心转——（先读有中心词的选项. 一般就是答案）
2. 先读容易的选项（读的懂的）先读短的选项 从D向A读
3. 出现多个数字，特别是阿拉伯数字时，须特别小心！
4. 注意：(1) 绝对原则。即有all, every，only等绝对的词一般不是正确答案！All of the above除外 A and b
(2) 选项排除原则。即留取相同项，排除不同项。
(3) 关键词附近有中文注解特别注意
66. A proper way torelease a fish is to ______.
A .move it in water till it can swim B. take the hook out of its stomach
C. keep it in a bucket for some time D. let it struggle a little in your hand
注解：该题为细节题，题干中的关键词为way to release a fish。选项中move it in water till it can swim 正好对应课文中的moving it gently in water。
67. What is the purpose of the test?
A. To show how to enjoy fishing. B. To persuade people to fish less often.
C. To encourage people to set fish free. D. To give advice on how to release fish.
注解：在中心句中出现过release fish 因此在A B C D出现中心词的选项，一般都是答案。
Tall fat
I am tall.
I am tallerthanyou ( are tall ).
Fatter
这个女孩比那个女孩胖。
The girl is fatterthanthat one.
这个女孩比那个女孩漂亮。
The girl is morebeautifulthanthat one.
这个男孩比那个男孩聪明。
The boy is morecleverthan that one.
不规则容形词与付词
good better
well better
many more
much more
bad worse
The book isbetter than that one
worse
我学英语比他。Istudy Englishharderthan he
形容词与付词的最高级
I am the tallestin our class.
我是我们班最高的。
I am more beautiful than she.
我比她漂亮。
more
I amthemost beautifulin our class.
我是我们班最漂亮的。
The book isbetter than that one
The book is the best.
不规则容形词与付词
good better best
well better best
many more most
much more most
bad worse worst
I study English hardestin our school.
He isthe beststudentin our class.
他是我们班最好的学生。
本课要求：
形容词与付词的比较级和最高级
不规则容形词与付词
good better best
well better best
many more most
much more most
bad worse worst
than er more
est most
The girl isfatterthan that one.
这个女孩比那个女孩漂亮。
The girl is morebeautifulthan that one.
He has moremoneythan I.
He has themostmoney
He isthe beststudentin our class.
他是我们班最好的学生。
课堂练习
1:Our teacher’s book isbetterthantheir teacher’s and Teacher sun’
s bookis the best.
2:The earthis biggerthan the moon. The sun is biggerthan the earth.Which is the biggest?
3：Do youknowwhich is biggest, the moon, the earth and the sun?
4: The girl of your class eatsmorethanthat one of my class.
I eat most in my class. Doyouknow whoeats in your school?
5：Doyou know his father is youngerthanhis mother?
6：I think my motheris lazierthanmy father. lazy
课堂答案
1:我们老师的那本书比他们老师的书好，孙老师的书是最好的。
2:地球比月亮大，太阳比地球大，哪一个最大？
3：你知道哪一个是最大的？地球、 月亮、 还是太阳？
4: 你们班的那个女孩比我们班的那个女孩吃的多，我是我们班吃的最多的，你知道全校谁吃的最多的吗？
5：你知道他爸比他妈还年轻吗？
6：我认为我妈比我爸还懒lazy。
▲由连词that、if、whether 引导的名词性从句
I don’t knowthat he studies English hard.
I don’t knowif he studies English hard.
I don’t knowwhether he studies English hard or not.
I don’t knowifhe will be our teacher.
I don’t knowwhostudies English
I don’t knowwhat youstudy.
I don’t knowwhose sisterstudies English
I don’t knowwhose sister you love.
I don’t knowhow much money he has.
I don’t knowhow many daughters he has.
完整：that
是否：If whether… or not
东西：what
谁： who
谁的：whose
那一个: which
多少：How many How much
为什么：why
怎么: how
在哪：where
什么时间：when
I am glad that……
I am sorry that……
I am sure that……
课堂练习
7：Do youknow whyI ammorecleverthanthe teacher of your class?
8：Which wallet is bigger,your father’s or your mother’s?
9： Ithinkthat our monitor is more foolish than before.
The film ismore interesting than that one.
课堂答案
7：你知道为什么我比我们班老师还聪明吗?
8：你爸爸和你妈妈的钱包哪一个更大？
9：我认为我们班长比以前更傻。
10: 这个电影比那个电影更有意思interesting.
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