SEDIMENTARY ROCKS Are Classified by the Types of Sediments That Make up the Rock
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS are classified by the types of sediments that make up the rock
SedimentsWhat are sediments? / Def: small, solid pieces of material that come from rocks or other living things (may include shells, bones, leaves, stems, etc
Processes / How sediments form into sedimentary rock: Write the steps in order w/descriptions
Erosion
(wash away) / Forces – running water, wind, or ice loosen & carry away fragments of rock
Deposition
(drop down) / Sediments settle out of the water or wind carrying them & they sink to the bottom of the lake or ocean
Compaction
(smashed together) / Process that presses sediments together. Thick layers of sediment build up over time & weigh down the layers compacting the sediments.
Cementation
(glued together) / Process in which dissolved minerals crystallize & glue particles of sediment together, dissolved minerals seep into the spaces between particles & then harden
Types / (Define each type: / Give details about how each type forms:
Clastic Rock / Def: Made from rock fragments that are squeezed together. / Shale - forms from tiny particles of clay
Sandstone - forms from sand on beaches, ocean floor, river beds, etc.
Conglomerate - forms from rounded sediment.
Breccia - forms from larger, sharp fragments of sediments.
Organic Rock / Def: Forms where the remains of plants & animals are deposited in thick layers / Coal – forms from swamp plants buried in water for millions of years.
Limestone – forms in the ocean from hard shells with calcite from seashells, coral, clams & oysters or skeletons that pile up on the ocean floor for millions of years slowly changing the sediment to limestone
Chemical Rock / Def: Forms when minerals that are dissolved in a solution crystallize / Limestone – forms from calcite in dissolved seas, lakes & underground caves.
Rock Salt – forms from halite by evaporation
Uses / What things have been made from sedimentary rocks?
Building Materials
And Tools: / Flint – Arrowheads
Sandstone – The White House
Limestone - used as blocks & slabs for buildings, making cement & steel
Fossils à / ONLY FOUND IN SEDIMENTARY ROCK!!!