OIE Reference Laboratory Reports Activities in 2012

OIE RL for «Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia» – «Dr NielsJørgenOlesen » – «Denmark»

OIE Reference Laboratory Reports
Activities in 2012

Name of disease (or topic) for which you are a designated OIE Reference Laboratory: / Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia (VHS)
Address of laboratory / Technical University of Denmark
National Veterinary Institute
Hangøvej 2
DK-8200 Århus N, Denmark
Tel.: / Tel.: (+45)35886831
Fax: / Fax: (+45) 35886901
e-mail address: /
website: /
Name (including Title) of Head of Laboratory (Responsible Official): / Kristian Møller,
Head of department
Name(including Title and Position) of OIE Reference Expert: / Dr Niels Jørgen Olesen,
professor in aquatic animal diseases
Date of submission to the OIE / 29 November 2018

Instructions

This form should be used by an OIE Reference Laboratory to report activities that took place from January through December of the past year (2012), unless otherwise stated, and must be submitted by the end of January every year.

Only those activities that concern the disease (or topic) for which the laboratory is recognised by the OIE should be mentioned. The questionnaire structure follows the Terms of Reference (ToRs) for OIE Reference Laboratories, available at:

EachToR(blueitalicised text)has been placed as a heading covering the group of questions related to it.

Please note the reditalicisedtext is given as guidance and should be deleted from your report and substitute with your data. Examples are based onpast Annual Reports or have been invented.

The questionnaire represents a means of gathering information on activities carried out by OIE Reference Laboratories and making it available to OIE Member Countries and to the OIE Reference Laboratory network.

This annual report will remain available for consultation on the OIE web site:

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ToR:To use, promote and disseminate diagnostic methods validated according to OIE Standards

Test recommended by the OIE / Total number of test performed last year
Indirect diagnostic tests / Nationally / Internationally
Immunofluorescence – IF (VHS virus in cell cultures) / 12
ELISA (VHSV from cell culture supernatant and fish tissue material) / 51 samples / 5 samples
Immunohistochemistry –IHC (VHSV in fish tissue) / 0 / 0
Direct diagnostic tests / Nationally / Internationally

Cultivation in fish cell cultures (Infective virusFish Rhabdovirus)

/ 634 pools / 11 pools

Conventional RT-PCR & real-time RT-PCR (VHSV from cell culture supernatant and fish tissue material)

/ 4 / 1

ToR:To develop reference material in accordance with OIE requirements, and implement and promote the application of OIE Standards.

Tostore and distribute to national laboratories biological reference products and any other reagents used in the diagnosis and control of the designated pathogens or disease.

2.Did your laboratory produce or store imported standard reference reagentsofficially recognised by the OIE or other international bodies?

Yes No

3.Did your laboratory supply standard reference reagentsto OIE Member Countries?

Yes No

Type of reagent available / Related diagnostic test / Produced/
stored / Amount supplied nationally
(ml, mg) / Amount supplied internationally
(ml, mg) / Name of recipient OIE Member Countries and of institutions
Cell cultures / Produced / 2.059 flasks / 60 small flasks
2 small flasks / 1Veterinary Faculty Sarajevo, Bosnia Herzegovina
---
2 Bulgarian Agency for Food Savety
---
3 National Reference Laboratory for Fish Diseases, China
---
4 Tallinn Veterinary and Food Laboratory, Estonia
---
5 Food- veterinary and environmental agency, Faroe Islands
---
6 Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira
---
7 Center of Athens Veterinary Institutions, Greece
---
8 Fish Pathology and Parasitology Research Team, Hungary
---
9 Iranian fisheries research organization
---
10 Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Turkey
PAb
(Rabbit sera) / Stored / 21,6 ml / 1 vial of each (1,8ml) Rabbit anti VHSV – F57,K930
---
1 vial of each (1,8ml) Rabbit anti IPNV Ab – F72 and Sp F68
---
1 vial 1,8ml) (Rabbit anti SVCV F75
---
1 vial 1,8ml)Rabbit anti IHNV – F63
---
10,8 ml Rabbit anti VHSV F57 / 1 Institute for Experimental PathologyUniversity of Iceland
---
2 Norwegian Veterinary Institute
---
3Bio-X Diagnostics S.P.R.L., Belgium
MAb / Stored / 7.2 ml / 3 vials (1,8 ml) of IHNV - Hyb 136-3
1 vial (1,8 ml of VHSV - 1P5B11 / 1 Institute for Experimental PathologyUniversity of Iceland
---
2 Norwegian Veterinary Institute
---
3 Cefas, United Kingdom
Virus / Stored / >274 ml / 1 vial (1,8 ml) Pike fry rhabdovirus (PFRV)
---
1 vial (1,8 ml) V76 Germany Grass carp – 200087-5
---
1 vial (1,8 ml) Tench Belgium Reference PFRV – 9695589
---
2 vial of each (1,8ml) EVEX DK-3545,DK-3631, DK-3545 and DK5743
---
145 samples of VHSV - virus panel for genotyping
---
Inter-laboratory Proficiency Test 1, 2011, 5 ampoules labelled I, II, III, IV, and V
---
Ampoule IV from the Proficiency test 1 in 2011 - IHNV 32/87 / 1 University of Veterinary Medicine, Austria
---
2 AGENCE NATIONALE DE SECURITE SANITAIRE (ANSES), France
---
Université de Perpignan, France
Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, germany
---
National Veterinary Research Institute, Poland
---
National Veterinary Institute, Sweden
PCR / Unknown positive and negative IPNV, containing 1 part IPNV positive or negative material in 5 parts RNAsafer.
---
IHNV – 217/A (DTU Vet protocol no. 4008) / 1Institute for Experimental Pathology
University of Iceland
2Havbruksinstituttet AS, Norway

Whole herring and gill tissue Formaldehyde fixated

/ Histology/IHC / produced / 139 samples from herring experimentally challenged with VHSV / Veterinary Institute, Norway

Whole rainbow trout formaldehyde fixated

/ Histology/IHC / Stored / 3 fish experimentially challenged with IHNV / Veterinary Institute, Norway

4.Did your laboratory produce diagnostic reagents other than the OIE-approved standard reference reagents?

Yes No

5.Did your laboratory produce vaccines?

Yes No

6.Did your laboratory supply vaccines to OIE Member Countries?

Yes No

ToR:To develop, standardise and validate, according to OIE Standards, new procedures for diagnosis and control of the designated pathogens or diseases

7.Did your laboratory develop new diagnostic methods validated according to OIE Standards for the designated pathogen or disease?

Yes No

8.Didyour laboratory develop new vaccines according to OIE Standards for the designated pathogen or disease?

Yes No

Name of the new test or diagnostic method or vaccine developed / Description and References (Publication, website, etc.)
Development and validation of a novel Taqman-based real-time RT-PCR assay suitable for demonstrating freedom from viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus / Jonstrup et al. 2012, Journal of Fish Diseases
Volume 36, Issue 1, pages 9–23, January 2013

ToR:To provide diagnostic testing facilities, and, where appropriate, scientific and technical advice on disease control measures to OIE Member Countries

9.Did your laboratory carry out diagnostic testing for other OIE Member Countries?

Yes No

Name of OIE Member Country seeking assistance / Date
(dd/mm) / No. samples received for provision of diagnostic support (i.e. from surveillance campaign) / No. samples received for provision of confirmatory diagnoses
Bulgaria / 24 January / 1
Estonia / 16 February / 10
Hungary / 12 Spetember / 28
Iran / 29 May / 13
Italy / 9 May / 38
Latvia / 1 June / 11
Norway / 14-mar / 2
Tyrkey / 10 October / 25
USA / 2 Febuary / 400
Sweden / 23 October / 6

10.Did your laboratory provide expert advice in technical consultancies on the request of an OIE Member Country?

Yes No

Name of the OIE Member Country receiving a technical consultancy / Purpose / How the advice was provided
China
India

ToR:To carry out and/or coordinate scientific and technical studies in collaboration with other laboratories, centres or organisations

11.Did your laboratory participate in international scientific studies in collaboration with OIE Member Countries other than the own?

Yes No

Title of the study / Duration / Purpose of the study / Partners (Institutions) / OIE Member Countries involved other than your country
NADIR / 5 years in all
Trials: 2 month / Evaluating pathogenicity and pathogenesis of Turkish VHSV isolates in turbot and rainbow trout / CumhuriyetUniversity, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Turkey / Turkey
Danish Fish Immunology Research Network DAFINET / 5 years / Production of immunological tools for studying the immunity of rainbow trout / A total of 15 participants affiliated with public and private institutions and companies University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Life Sciences; Danish Technical University, National Veterinary Laboratory and Institute of Aquatic Resources; University of Southern Denmark; University of Aarhus; Friedrich Loeffler Institute, Insel-Riems, Germany; Marine Laboratory, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland; Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Oslo, Norway / Norway, Germany, Scotland and USA
Co-evolutionary genomics of fish resistance and virulence in an epidemic virus / 4 years / Identify the process of adaptation to the fish host that makes the VHSV capable of causing epidemic outbreaks in rainbow trout and use the trouts own genetic variants in combination with targeted vaccine development to cope with this adjustment / National Veterinary Institute department in Århus,Aarhus University, University of Victoria in Canada and the University of Washington, USA / Canada, USA
MOLTRAQ / 3 / Molecular tracing of aquatic animal diseases / NorwegianVeterinary Institute, 2Norwegian Computing Center, 3Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, 4Friedrich-Loeffler Institut, 5Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire, 6Technical University of Denmark-National Veterinary Institute, 7Institut Francais de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la MerVI / Norway, Germany, France
Identification of virulence markers in marine VHS virus and use in diagnostics for aquaculture / 3½ year / Using in vivo imaging of VHSV propagation in fish, and identification of virulence marker(s) in VHSV by generation and virulence testing of recombinant viruses. Once genetic elements of importance for virulence and/or risk of establishment of virulence have been identified / DTU Vet, Denmark

ToR:To collect, process, analyse, publish and disseminate epizootiological data relevant to the designated pathogens or diseases

12.Didyour Laboratory collect epizootiologicaldata relevant to international disease control?

Yes No

13.Didyour laboratory disseminate epizootiologicaldata that had been processed and analysed?

Yes No

14.What method of dissemination of information is most often used by your laboratory?

(Indicate in the appropriate box the number by category)

a)Articles published in peer-reviewed journals:...... 11

b)International conferences:...... 29

c)National conferences:...... 4

d)Other:......

ToR: To provide scientific and technical training for personnel from OIE Member Countries

To recommend the prescribed and alternative tests or vaccines as OIE Standards

15.Did your laboratory provide scientific and technical training to laboratory personnel from other OIE Member Countries?

Yes No

a)Technical visits:......

b)Seminars:...... 45

c)Hands-on training courses:...... 18

d)Internships (>1 month):...... 2

Type of technical training provided (a, b,c or d) / Country of origin of the expert(s) provided with training / No. Participants from the corresponding country
a / China / 6
b / Austria / 1
b / Belgium / 1
b / Bulgaria / 1
b / Czech Republic / 1
b / Denmark / 8
b / Estonia / 1
b / Faroe Islands / 1
b / Finland / 1
b / France / 2
b / Germany / 2
b / Greece / 1
b / Hungary / 1
b / Iran / 1
b / Ireland / 1
b / Italy / 2
b / Latvia / 1
b / Lithuania / 1
b / Norway / 3
b / P.R.China / 1
b / Poland / 2
b / Romania / 1
b / Slovakia / 1
b / Slovenia / 1
b / Spain / 2
b / Sweden / 2
b / Switzerland / 1
b / The Netherlands / 1
b / UK-England / 2
b / UK-Scotland / 1
c / Bulgaria / 2
c / Portugal / 1
c / Greece / 2
c / France / 1
c / Estonia / 2
c / Finland / 1
c / Ireland / 1
c / Poland / 1
c / Sweden / 1
c / Latvia / 1
c / Norway / 2
c / China / 2
c / Switzerland / 1
d / South Africa / 1
d / Spain / 1

ToR:To maintain a system of quality assurance, biosafety and biosecurity relevant for the pathogen and the disease concerned

16.Does your laboratory have a Quality Management System certified according to an International Standard?

Yes No

Quality management system adopted
ISO 17025
ISO 17043

17.Is your laboratory accredited by an international accreditation body?

Yes No

Test for which your laboratory is accredited / Accreditation body
Inter-laboratory proficiency test for identification and quantization of fish pathogens / ISO 17043

18.Does your laboratory maintain a “biorisk management system” for the pathogen and the disease concerned? (See Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals 2012, Chapter 1.1.3 orManual of Diagnostic Tests for Aquatic Animals 2012, Chapter 1.1.1)

Yes No

ToR:To organise and participate in scientific meetings on behalf of the OIE

19.Did your laboratory organise scientific meetings on behalf of the OIE?

Yes No

20.Did your laboratory participate in scientific meetings on behalf of the OIE?

Yes No

ToR:To establish and maintain a network with other OIE Reference Laboratories designated for the same pathogen or disease and organise regular inter-laboratory proficiency testing to ensure comparability of results

21.Did your laboratory exchange information with other OIE Reference Laboratories designated for the same pathogen or disease?

Yes No (Only 1 OIE ref.lab. for VHS)

22.Was your laboratory involved in maintaining a network with OIE Reference Laboratories designated for the same pathogen or disease by organising or participating in proficiency tests?

Yes No

23.Did your laboratory collaborate with other OIE Reference Laboratories for the same disease on scientific research projects for the diagnosis or control of the pathogen of interest?

Yes No

ToR:To organise inter-laboratory proficiency testing with laboratories other than OIE Reference Laboratories for the same pathogens and diseases to ensure equivalence of results.

24.Did your laboratory organiseor participate in inter-laboratory proficiency tests with laboratories other than OIE Reference Laboratories for the same disease?

Yes No

Purpose for inter-laboratory test comparisons[1] / No. participating laboratories / Participating OIE Member Countries
Inter-Laboratory Proficiency Test 2012
for identification of VHSV, IHNV, EHNV, SVCV and IPNV (PT1) / 43 / NRLs in the EU Member States, NRLs in Australia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Canada, Croatia, Faroe Islands, Iceland, Israel, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, 2 from P.R. China, Serbia, Switzerland, Turkey and from USA. The Belgian NRL covers both Belgium and Luxembourg and the Italian NRL covers Italy, Cyprus and Malta for identification of all listed diseases.
Inter-Laboratory Proficiency Test 2012
for identification of CyHV-3 (KHV), ISAV and Aphanomyces invadans (PT2) / 43 / NRLs in the EU Member States, NRLs in Australia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Canada, Croatia, Faroe Islands, Iceland, Israel, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, 2 from P.R. China, Serbia, Switzerland, Turkey and from USA. The Belgian NRL covers both Belgium and Luxembourg and the Italian NRL covers Italy, Cyprus and Malta for identification of all listed diseases.

ToR:To place expert consultants at the disposal of the OIE

25.Did your laboratory place expert consultants at the disposal of the OIE?

Yes No

N.J. Olesen member of the ad-hoc GroupSurveillance of aquatic animal diseases / ParisJuly 2012 / Development of chapter on surveillance of VHS

List of 2012 publications from the OIE reference laboratory for VHS

Søren Peter Jonstrup, SørenKahns, Helle Frank Skall, TorstenSnogdalBoutrup, NielsJørgenOlesen (2013)Development and validation of a novel Taqman based real time RT-PCR assay suitable for demonstrating freedom from Viral HaemorrhagicSepticaemia Virus. Journal of Fish Diseases, volume 36 , issue 1 , pp. 9-23
Reichert M., Matras M., Jonstrup SP, Olesen NJ, Kahns S (2013) Trade practices are main factors involved in the transmission of VHS in Polish aquaculture. Journal of Fish Diseases, volume 36 , issue 2 , pp. 103-114
S. Kahns, H.F. Skall, R.S. Kaas, H. Korsholm, B. Bang Jensen, S.P. Jonstrup, M. J. Dodge, K. Einer-Jensen, D. Stone, N.J. Olesen(2012) European freshwater VHSV genotype Ia isolates divide into two distinct subpopulations. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 99(1):23-35
Ito, Takafumi • Kurita, Jun • Sano, Motohiko • Skall, Helle Frank • Lorenzen, Niels • Einer-Jensen, Katja • Olesen, NielsJørgen. Typing of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus by monoclonal antibodies. Journal of General Virology — 2012, Volume 93, Issue Pt 12, pp. 2546-2557
Hart, L M • Lorenzen, N • LaPatra, S E • Grady, C A • Roon, S E • O’Reilly, J • Gregg, J L • Hershberger, P K. Efficacy of a glycoprotein DNA vaccine against viral haemorrhagicsepticaemia (VHS) in Pacific herring, ClupeapallasiiValenciennes. Journal of Fish Diseases — 2012, Volume 35, Issue 10, pp. 775-779
Schönherz, A A • Hansen, M H H • Jørgensen, H B H • Berg, P • Lorenzen, N • Einer‐Jensen, K. Oral transmission as a route of infection for viral haemorrhagicsepticaemia virus in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchusmykiss (Walbaum). Journal of Fish Diseases — 2012, Volume 35, Issue 6, pp. 395-406
Schyth, Brian Dall • Bramsen, Jesper Bertram • Pakula, Malgorzata Maria • Larashati, Sekar • Kjems, Jorgen • Wengel, Jesper • Lorenzen, Niels. In vivo screening of modified siRNAs for non-specific antiviral effect in a small fish model: number and localization in the strands are important. Nucleic Acids Research — 2012, Volume 40, Issue 10, pp. 4653-4665
Holten-Andersen, Lars • Dalsgaard, Inger • Nylén, Jørgen • Lorenzen, Niels • Buchmann, Kurt. Determining Vaccination Frequency in Farmed Rainbow Trout Using Vibrio anguillarum O1 Specific Serum Antibody Measurements. P L o S One — 2012, Volume 7, Issue 11,
von GersdorffJørgensen, Louise • Sigh, Jens • Kania, Per Walter • Holten-Andersen, Lars • Buchmann, Kurt • Clark, Theodore • Rasmussen, JesperSkou • Einer-Jensen, Katja • Lorenzen, Niels. Approaches towards DNA vaccination against a skin ciliate parasite in fish.PloS one. — 2012, Volume 7, Issue 11, pp. e48129
Schönherz, A.A., Lorenzen, N., Einer-Jensen, K. (2012) Inter-species transmission of viral haemorrhagicsepticaemia virus (VHSV) from turbot (Scophthalmusmaximus) to rainbow trout (Onchorhynchusmykiss). Journal of General Virology, Epub ahead of print 2012 Dec 12.
Schyth, B.D., Ariel, E.,Korsholm, H., Olesen, N.J. (2012). Diagnostic capacity for viral haemorrhagicsepticaemia virus (VHSV) infection in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchusmykiss) is greatly increased by combining viral isolation with specific antibody detection. Fish and shellfish immunology, 32(4): 593‐597.

Presentations and posters

Olesen, NielsJørgen • Nicolajsen, Nicole — 2012 Overview of the Disease Situation and Surveillance in Europe In 2011, 16th Annual Meeting of the National Reference Laboratories for Fish Diseases
Olesen, NielsJørgen • Nicolajsen, Nicole — 2012 Health Categorisation of Fish Farms in Europe In 2011, 16th Annual Meeting of the National Reference Laboratories for Fish Diseases
Jensen, B. Bang • Aldrin, M. • Avarre, M. C. • Bergmann, S. M. • Bigarre, L. • Brun, E. • Jansen, P. A. • Olesen, NielsJørgen • Renault, T. • Schuetze, H— 2012 Molecular Tracing of Viral Pathogen in Aquaculture (MOLTRAQ): a new EMIDA project, 16th Annual Meeting of the National Reference Laboratories for Fish Diseases
Olesen, NielsJørgen • Skall, Helle Frank • Nicolajsen, Nicole • Jonstrup, Søren Peter • Kahns, Søren EURL activities in 2011 — 2012 16th Annual Meeting of the National Reference Laboratories for Fish Diseases
Kahns, Søren • Nicolajsen, Nicole • Christophersen, Maj-Britt • Olesen, NielsJørgen— 2012 Results of the Proficiency Test, PT1 and PT2, 2011, 16th Annual Meeting of the National Reference Laboratories for Fish Diseases
Bigarré, Laurent • Panzarin, Valentina • Baud, Marine • Jonstrup, Søren Peter • Jansson, Eva • Isaksson, Mats • Engelsma, Marc • Olesen, NielsJørgen • Bovo, Giuseppe 2012 Outcome on EPIZONE Extension on VER/ VNN: Diagnostics, proficiency test and qRT-PCR validation, 16th Annual Meeting of the National Reference Laboratories for Fish Diseases

7.Borzym, Ewa • Matras, Marek • Maj, Joanna • Sandomierska, Agnieszka • Olesen, NielsJørgen • Eliassen, Mette • Baud, Marine • Talbi, Chiraz • Bigarré, Laurent— 2012 First Detection of HirameRhabdovirus (HIRRV) in Europe 16th Annual Meeting of the National Reference Laboratories for Fish Diseases

Skall, Helle Frank • Olesen, NielsJørgen • Jørgensen, Claus — 2012 Inactivation of VHSV by Percolation and Salt Under Experimental Conditions, 16th Annual Meeting of the National Reference Laboratories for Fish Diseases
Bela-Ong, Dennis • Schyth, Brian Dall • Lorenzen, Niels. Expression of micro-RNAs and immune-relevant genes in rainbow trout (OncorhynchusmykissWalbaum) upon vaccination with a Viral Haemorrhagic Septicemia Virus. DAFINET Workshop — 2012,
Schyth, Brian Dall • Bramsen, Jesper Bertram • Kjems, Jørgen • Wengel, Jesper • Lorenzen, Niels. Chemical modification of RNA-based medicine can be used to reduce its induction of the innate immune response. DAFINET Workshop — 2012,
Lorenzen, Ellen • Kjær, TorbenEgil • Henriksen, NielsHenrik • Dalsgaard, Inger • Holten-Andersen, Lars • Madsen, S. B.• Krossøy, B. • Buchmann, Kurt • Lorenzen, Niels. Improved Protection of Rainbow Trout Against Furunculosis by an Autologous Vaccine Under Experimental Conditions. DAFINET Workshop : Immune Responses in Fish — 2012, pp. 20
Schönherz, A. A. • Lorenzen, Niels • Einer-Jensen, Katja. Inter-Species Transmission of Viral HaemorrhagicSepticaemia Virus Between Turbot (Scophthalmus Maximus) and Rainbow Trout (OnchorhynchusMykiss). DAFINET Workshop : Immune Responses in Fish — 2012, pp. 24
Niels Lorenzen1, Ellen Lorenzen1, Katja Einer-Jensen1, Jesper S. Rasmussen1, and S.E. LaPatra2. Fish as models for understanding DNA vaccine efficacy. Poster at “Viral Immunity and Host gene influence” Symposium, Keystone March 21-26, USA.
Jesper Skou Rasmussen, Ellen Lorenzen, Torben Egil Kjær, Katja Einer-Jensen & Niels Lorenzen. DNA vaccinationofsmallrainbowtroutfryagainst VHSV. Danish Fish Immunology Research Centre and Network (DAFINET) Workshop on Ontogeny of the Immune System of Fish, Copenhagen, Denmark, April 24-25, 2012.
Lorenzen, Ellen; Kjær, Torben Eigil; Henriksen, Niels Henrik; Dalsgaard, Inger; Holten-Andersen, Lars; Madsen, Simon B; Krossøy, B;, Buchmann, K; Lorenzen, Niels. Improved protection of rainbow trout against furunculosis by an autologous vaccine under experimental conditions. Presented at: Dafinet workshop: Immune Responses in fish, November 6th and 7th, 2012.
Bela-ong DB, Schyth BD, and Lorenzen N. Expression of microRNAs and interferon-related genes in rainbow trout (OncorhynchusmykissWalbaum) infected with Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus. International Workshop on Small RNAs in Cancer, Inflammation, and Aging, Copenhagen, Denmark, September 3-4, 2012.
Bela-ong DB, Schyth BD, and Lorenzen N. Expression of microRNAs and immune-relevant genes in rainbow trout (OncorhynchusmykissWalbaum) upon vaccination with a Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus glycoprotein gene (G)-encoding DNA vaccine. Danish Fish Immunology Research Centre and Network (DAFINET) Workshop on Ontogeny of the Immune System of Fish, Copenhagen, Denmark, April 24-25, 2012.
Bela-ong DB, Schyth BD, and Lorenzen N. MicroRNA expression in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchusmykiss) vaccinated with a DNA vaccine encoding the glycoprotein gene of Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus. RNAi2012: Gene Regulation by Small RNAs, 7th International Conference and Exhibition, St. Hilda’s College, Oxford University, Oxford, UK, March 27-29, 2012.
Larashati, Sekar; Schyth, Brian D.; Lorenzen, NielsInhibition of reporter genes by small interfering RNAs in rainbow trout (Oncorhyncusmykiss) Presented at: International Conference on Gene Regulation by Small RNAs. Oxford, England, 27-29 March 2012
Larashati, Sekar; Schyth, Brian D.; Lorenzen, NielsInhibition of reporter genes by small interfering RNAs in rainbow trout (Oncorhyncusmykiss) Presented at: International Conference on Small RNA in Cancer, Aging, and Inflamation. Copenhagen, Denmark, 2-4 September 2012
Schönherz, Anna Amanda; Lorenzen, Niels; Einer-Jensen, Katja Inter‐species transmission of viral haemorrhagicsepticaemia virus between turbot (Scophthalmusmaximus) and rainbow trout (Onchorhynchusmykiss), 10th Annual Meeting, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics - Aarhus University
Schönherz, A.A., Lorenzen, N., Einer-Jensen, K. Inter-Species Transmission of viral haemorrhagicsepticaemia virus between marine and freshwater fishes. SMBE 2012 - Society of Molecular Biology and Evolution 2012, Dublin, Ireland, June 23rd-26th, 2012
Schönherz, A.A., Einer-Jensen, K., Hansen, M.H., Buitenhuis, B. Genetic markers of virulence in a fish rhabdovirus. EMBO practical course on Analysis of high-throughput sequencing data, UK, Hinxton, October 29th - November 3rd, 2012
Schyth, B. D. Learning Virology by playing games. Active Learning in Engineering Education (ALE) workshop, June 2012, Copenhagen
Schyth, B.D., Jalali, S.A.H., Kristensen, L.B., Pedersen, F.S. and Lorenzen, N. MicroRNA regulation in rainbow trout infected with a fish pathogenic rhabdovirus. RNAi 2012 – 7th international conference and exhibition, 27‐29th March 2012, St. Hildas College, Oxford.
Einer-Jensen, K. Reverse genetics as a tool to study the pathogenesis of fish rhabdoviruses Dansk VirologiskSelskab: Virusdagen October 4th, 2012
Kahns, S.; Skall, H.F.; Kaas, R.S.; Korsholm, H.; Jensen, B.B.; Jonstrup, S.P.; Dodge, M. J.; Einer-Jensen, K.; Stone, D.; Olesen, N.J. (2012) European freshwater VHSV genotype Ia isolates divides 1 into two distinct subpopulations. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms Dis Aquat Organ. 99(1):23-35.
NielsLorenzen, Ellen Lorenzen, KatjaEiner-Jensen, Jesper S. Rasmussen, and S.E. Fish as models for understanding DNA vaccine efficacy. Keystone
LaPatra. S.L., Schyth, B.D., Jalali, S.A.H., Kristensen, L.B., Pedersen, F.S. and Lorenzen, N. Chemical modification of RNA‐based medicine can be used to reduce its induction of the innate immune response. Dafinet meeting, April 24‐25th, 2012.

Annual reports of OIE Reference Laboratories, 20121