LCI Datasets for the Mineral Chainsaw Oil

ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL

Table of contents

LCI datasets for the mineral chainsaw oil

1.Extraction of crude

2.Base oil manufacture

2.1. Baseline scenario

2.2 Sensitivity analysis

LCI datasets for the additives

1.Choice of the additives

2.Modeling of the additives

LCI datasets for the mineral chainsaw oil

1. Extraction of crude

Table 1Inventory of inputs associated with the extraction and the transport steps of crude oil

Table 2 Inventory of outputs associated with the extraction and the transport steps of crude oil

1. Base oil manufacture

2.1. Baseline scenario

Fig. 1Flowchart of the production of mineral base oil

Table 3Yield ratios of products by the base oil production chain

Table 4Energy and auxiliary consumption of the process steps of base oil refining chain (Fehrenbach 2005)

2.2 Sensitivity analysis

Table 5 Production yield ratios by the mineral base oil production chain according to Fehrenbach (2005) and Mortier et al. (2010)

LCI datasets for the additives

1. Choice of the additives

Polymethacrylate (PMA) was chosen as a classical pour point depressant found in chainsaw oils. PMA can be used in the formulation of mineral and vegetable based lubricants (PMA being diluted either in mineral or in vegetable oil). PMA additives are synthesized by polymerization of various methacrylate monomers that differ by length of the pendant side chains (Rudnick 2009). Methacrylate monomers were chosen as representative for modeling PMA. These monomers can be produced by the reaction of methyl methacrylate with alcohol. The steps involved in their production are shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 Methacrylate monomer synthesis

Butylatedhydroxytoluene (BHT) was chosen as a classical anti-oxidant for vegetable oil.Industrially, BHT is obtained by reacting p-cresol with isobutylene in the presence of a strong acid (see Fig. 3). p-Cresol is commercially produced by toluene oxidation via sulfonation with sulphuric acid (Sad et al. 2008). In industry, isobutylene is traditionally produced by dehydrogenation of isobutane and butane (Sangalov et al. 2001 ).

Fig. 3 BHT synthesis

1. Modeling of the additives

The proposed ecoinvent correspondences and assumptions for modeling additives are reported in Table 6.

Table 6 Main data and assumptions for the simplified LCA of additives

• Methylmethacrylate, at plant RER
• 1-Pentanol, at plant RER

• Toluene, liquid, at plant RER
• Propane/Butane at refinery, RER

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