Introduction to Psychology I
1
Introduction to Psychology I
PSYC-105 Unit 4 Practice Test
Chapter 8 (*note: review statistics on pgs. 583-595. this material is not covered in this practice test but will be tested on in your cumulative Unit 4/Final exam)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) Which of the following pairs of children features one child who would be classified as mentally retarded and one who would be classified as gifted?
A) Tammy's IQ is 88, and Preki's IQ is 188.
B) Pua's IQ is 99, and Jared's IQ is 1200.
C) Ricardo's IQ is 14, and Herve's IQ is 84.
D) Brock's IQ is 79, and Chandler's IQ is 112.
E) Bill's IQ is 54, and Missy's IQ is 137.
Page Ref: 313
Topic: Calculating IQs "on the Curve"
2) To select the right answer for this question, you will
A) avoid functional fixedness.
B) use convergent thinking.
C) have a self-fulfilling prophecy.
D) demonstrate practical intelligence.
E) overcome availability bias.
Page Ref: 304
Topic: On Becoming a Creative Genius
3) A(n) ______involves arranging concepts from general to specific.
A) mental set
B) concept formation
C) hierarchy
D) prototype
E) algorithm
Page Ref: 289
Topic: Concepts
4) Brian's friends all believe that he has a lot of "street smarts" and can cope well with the people and events in his environment, despite the fact that he has never done well in school. Robert Sternberg would say that Brian
A) lacks fluid intelligence.
B) has much crystallized intelligence.
C) has a high "g."
D) lacks divergent intelligence.
E) has much practical intelligence.
Page Ref: 319
Topic: Cognitive Theories of Intelligence
5) You are asked to come up with as many possible routes from your home to your best friend's home. To do this, you must
A) avoid location aptitude.
B) have an effective mental set.
C) utilize an anchoring bias.
D) use divergent thinking.
E) demonstrate convergent thinking.
Page Ref: 304
Topic: On Becoming a Creative Genius
6) When Carla uses nail polish to prevent the run in her stocking from worsening, she is demonstrating her ability to overcome which of the following obstacles to effective problem solving?
A) the anchoring bias
B) working backward
C) regression to the average
D) functional fixedness
E) the representativeness heuristic
Page Ref: 299
Topic: Problem Solving
7) Howard believes his son, Dan, is perfect. When Dan gets into a fight, Howard says, "I'm sure the other child started it." When Dan fails a test, Howard says, "The teacher must have created an unfair test." Howard
A) is demonstrating functional fixedness.
B) is working backward to understand Dan.
C) is demonstrating the availability heuristic.
D) has a representativeness heuristic.
E) has a confirmation bias about Dan.
Page Ref: 302
Topic: Judging and Making Decisions
8) When scores are normally distributed,
A) people are equally likely to obtain any particular score.
B) people's scores reflect their actual ability.
C) people tend to score consistently when they are retested.
D) few people score very high or very low and most people score near the average.
E) many people score at the high end and few score at the low end.
Page Ref: 312
Topic: Calculating IQs "on the Curve"
9) We can speak of ______only within a group of individuals who have shared the same environment.
A) heritable differences
B) interpersonal validity
C) intelligence quotients
D) achievement tests
E) aptitude reliability
Page Ref: 325
Topic: Heritability and Group Differences
10) Which of the following people would be considered a savant?
A) Carter, who is gifted
B) Carrie, who is mentally retarded
C) Cleo, who is of average intelligence, but is great at math and terrible at spelling
D) Abby, who is gifted but has major difficulties with spelling
E) Luka, who is mentally retarded but has superb mathematical skills
Page Ref: 316
Topic: What Are The Components Of Intelligence?
11) The average age at which normal (average) individuals achieve a particular intelligence score is called
A) crystallized intelligence.
B) IQ.
C) mental age.
D) performance IQ.
E) chronological age.
Page Ref: 308
Topic: Binet and Simon Invent a School Abilities Test
12) Knowing the names of all the singers in 'N Sync would be considered ______intelligence.
A) divergent
B) experiential
C) fluid
D) practical
E) crystallized
Page Ref: 317
Topic: Psychometric Theories of Intelligence
13) The process involved in forming a new mental representation by manipulating available information is known as
A) cognition.
B) thinking.
C) intelligence.
D) schema formation.
E) conceptualizing.
Page Ref: 287
Topic: What Are The Components Of Intelligence?
14) Ashley expects to do poorly on her math test, and then she fails it. This probably happened due to
A) high crystallized intelligence and low fluid intelligence.
B) a self-fulfilling prophecy.
C) an accurate "g."
D) lack of interpersonal intelligence.
E) divergent thinking.
Page Ref: 322
Topic: Test Scores and the Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
15) If P.J.'s IQ equals 75,
A) he is as smart as the average 75-year-old.
B) he correctly answered three-fourths of the questions on the intelligence test.
C) he might be a twelve-year-old who is as smart as the average nine-year-old.
D) he might be a six-year-old who is as intelligent as most eight-year-olds.
E) he is 75 years old.
Page Ref: 309
Topic: American Psychologists Borrow Binet and Simon's Idea
16) Deanna reads that horses are a type of animal, and palominos are a type of horse. To understand this, Deanna will organize these concepts into a
A) cognitive map.
B) syllogism.
C) hierarchy.
D) mental set.
E) script.
Page Ref: 289
Topic: Concepts
17) Before going on a date, Warren tells Ed, "I know this won't work out. None of my dates ever do." However, the date actually goes very well. The next day, Warren tells Ed, "You know, I had a feeling that this date would go well." We might say that Warren's memory about his original prediction is a little fuzzy now due to
A) convergent thinking.
B) hindsight bias.
C) the availability bias.
D) the anchoring bias.
E) ignoring base rates.
Page Ref: 302
Topic: Judging and Making Decisions
18) Which two people are likely to have the highest degree of correlation between their IQ scores?
A) Siblings Esai and Carlos
B) Tom and Lila, fraternal twins raised by the same parents
C) Sue and Shana, identical twins raised apart
D) Samantha and her adopted daughter, Luella
E) Heath and his son, Quinn
Page Ref: 324
Topic: What Evidence Shows Heredity Influences Intelligence?
19) If you are a great volleyball player, we could say that you may have ______for that sport.
A) a divergence
B) an algorithm
C) a prototype
D) aptitude
E) availability
Page Ref: 305
Topic: On Becoming a Creative Genius
20) Jada keeps spanking her children when they misbehave, even though it is obvious that this is not an effective form of punishment for her children. Why does Jada keep spanking?
A) She is demonstrating anchoring bias.
B) She is working backward.
C) She has a mental set.
D) She is demonstrating divergent thinking.
E) She is incorrectly identifying the problem.
Page Ref: 298
Topic: Problem Solving
Answer Key
1) E
2) B
3) C
4) E
5) D
6) D
7) E
8) D
9) A
10) E
11) C
12) E
13) B
14) B
15) C
16) C
17) B
18) C
19) D
20) C