Supplementary data

Impact of carrier systems on the interactions of coenzyme Q10 with model lipid membranes

Ajda Ota1, Marjeta Šentjurc2, Marjan Bele3,Pegi Ahlin Grabnar4,Nataša Poklar Ulrih1*

1Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia

2Institute J. Stefan, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia

3National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia

4 Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana,Aškerčevacesta 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana

Supplementary Table 1Data from the computer simulation of the experimental EPR spectra of MeFASL(2.11)-labelled PC/SM SUVsin the presence of the water soluble CoQ10 formulations (lipid:CoQ10 ratio, 2:1) for the most ordered membrane domain, and the less ordered membrane domain,at 25 °C and 45 °C.

Experimental condition / Ratio / S / dS / τc / dτc / pA / dpA
Most ordered membrane domain – 25 °C
Control / 0.016 / 0.295 / -0.007 / 0.508 / -0.169 / 0.991 / 0.010
Sample A / 0.014 / 0.137 / -0.004 / 0.402 / 0.169 / 0.943 / 0.020
Sample B / 0.021 / 0.259 / -0.004 / 0.396 / 0.075 / 0.966 / -0.008
Sample C / 0.098 / 0.280 / -0.009 / 0.449 / 0.198 / 0.966 / -0.009
Sample D / 0.040 / 0.218 / -0.010 / 0.532 / 0.228 / 0.971 / 0.006
Control - EtOH / 0.010 / 0.121 / -0.004 / 0.681 / 0.219 / 0.953 / -0.014
CoQ10 / 0.016 / 0.368 / -0.012 / 0.534 / 0.082 / 0.956 / -0.014
Less ordered membrane domain – 25 °C
Control / 0.974 / 0.085 / -0.003 / 0.707 / 0.069 / 0.948 / -0.002
Sample A / 0.974 / 0.066 / -0.003 / 0.824 / 0.073 / 0.936 / -0.003
Sample B / 0.976 / 0.073 / -0.003 / 0.909 / 0.116 / 0.937 / -0.004
Sample C / 0.899 / 0.082 / -0.002 / 1.030 / 0.126 / 0.940 / -0.003
Sample D / 0.956 / 0.082 / -0.002 / 0.968 / 0.122 / 0.944 / 0.002
Control - EtOH / 0.988 / 0.084 / -0.002 / 0.762 / 0.076 / 0.946 / 0.002
CoQ10 / 0.974 / 0.021 / -0.001 / 0.886 / 0.092 / 0.943 / -0.001
Less ordered membrane domain – 45 °C
Control / 0.991 / 0.025 / -0.001 / 0.409 / 0.037 / 0.953 / 0.002
Sample A / 0.993 / 0.024 / -0.001 / 0.397 / 0.035 / 0.943 / -0.002
Sample B / 0.998 / 0.023 / -0.001 / 0.465 / 0.021 / 0.942 / 0.001
Sample C / 0.997 / 0.024 / -0.001 / 0.493 / 0.062 / 0.946 / 0.003
Sample E / 0.992 / 0.022 / -0.001 / 0.486 / 0.038 / 0.944 / -0.002
Control - EtOH / 0.988 / 0.029 / -0.001 / 0.400 / 0.033 / 0.954 / -0.001
CoQ10 / 0.998 / 0.012 / -0.001 / 0.339 / -0.058 / 0.947 / 0.003

Supplementary Table 2Thermodynamic profile of the phase transitions of the DPPC multilamellar liposomes in the presence of the water-soluble CoQ10 formulations at the DPPC:CoQ10molar ratio of 1:1 and their carriersat the corresponding concentrations, as present in the specific samples.Measurements were performed in duplicates.

DPPC additions / T'ma
(°C) / ΔH'calb
(kJ/molK) / Tmc
(°C) / ΔHcald(kJ/molK)
None / 36.7 ±0.1 / 3.5 ±0.5 / 41.8 ±0.1 / 35.5 ±0.5
Sample A / / / / / 41.4±0.1 / 29.1±0.5
Sample B / 36.1±0.1 / 4.8±0.5 / 41.2±0.1 / 12.5±0.5
38.4±0.1 / 48.1±0.1 e / 50.6±0.5
Sample C / 36.8±0.1 / 5.0±0.5 / 41.6±0.1 / 28.5±0.5
49.1 ±0.1 e / 1.6 ±0.5
Sample D / 31.3±0.1 / 3.5±0.5 / 41.2±0.1 / 26.9±0.5
36.3±0.1 / 5.1±0.5 / 47.2±0.1 e / 38.0±0.5
Glycerol / 36.2 ±0.1 / 4.2 ±0.5 / 41.2 ±0.1 / 35.5 ±0.5
Dextrin / 36.3 ±0.1 / 2.5 ±0.5 / 41.7 ±0.1 / 34.7 ±0.5
Lactose / 36.3 ±0.1 / 2.6 ±0.5 / 41.7±0.1 / 34.3 ±0.5
Gum arabic / 36.9±0.1 / 2.1±0.5 / 42.6 ±0.1 / 33.9 ±0.5
β-Cyclodextrin / 36.4±0.1 / 3.8±0.5 / 41.3±0.1 / 28. 5±0.5
Starch sodium octenylsuccinate / 36.4±0.1 / 11.7±0.5 / 41.4±0.1 / 30.9±0.5
Pregelatinised starch / 36.0±0.1 / 4.1 ±0.5 / 41.7±0.1 / 32.3 ±0.5
Soybeanlecitin / 36.4±0.1 / 3.2±0.5 / 41.6±0.1 / 32.9±0.5
Fatty-acid triglyceride / 36.4±0.1 / 3.7±0.5 / 41.6±0.1 / 36.2±0.5
Polyglycerol fatty acid ester / 36.4±0.1 / 3.5±0.5 / 41.9±0.1 / 21.4±0.5
49.6±0.1 / 13.5±0.5
Carriers from sample A / 33.8 ±0.1 / 1.8 ±0.5 / 40.8 ±0.1 / 22.4 ±0.5

aT'm, phase pretransitiontemperature

bΔH'cal, pretransition enthalpy

cTm, main phase transition temperature

dΔHcal, enthalpy of the gel-to-liquid crystalline transition

etemperature and enthalpy of the phase transition corresponding to CoQ10

Supplementary Fig.1Result of computer simulation of experimental EPR spectra of the spin probe MeFASL(10,3) in PC/SM SUVs in the presence of water soluble CoQ10 formulation, where starch sodium occtenylsuccinate, dextrin and glycerol are present as carriers (sample C). Lipid : CoQ10 = 2:1; (mol:mol). Lipid order parameter (S) and proportion of membrane domains in PC/SM SUVs (molar ratio 2.4:1) labeled with spin probe MeFASL(10,3) at 25 °C and 45 °C are shown. Control (water) – gray, sample C – black

Supplementary Fig.2Experimental EPR spectra of MeFASL(2.11)-labelled PC/SM SUVsin the presence of the crystalline and water soluble CoQ10 formulations, as indicated (lipid:CoQ10 ratio 2:1) at 25 °C.Red, experimental samples;black, control

SupplementaryFig.3Polarity correction factor of the hyperfine coupling tensor (pA) determined by the computer simulation of the EPR spectra of the spin probes MeFASL(2,11) for PS/SM (2.4:1) SUVs without (control) and with the different water soluble CoQ10 formulations and pure CoQ10 (ethanol control) at 25°C. Grey bars,pA of the most ordered domain; white bars, pA of less ordered domain. themolar ratio of lipid to CoQ10 in all of the experiments was 2:1. Measurements were performed in duplicates.

SupplementaryFig.4 DSC thermograms of the DPPC multilamellar liposomes(black line) and the selected water-soluble CoQ10 formulations with the DPPC:CoQ10 molar ratio of 1:1 at pH 7.0 (grey line). (A)sample A;(B)sample B;(C)sample C;(D)sample D

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