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Grade 8 Social Studies – June Exam Review

Unit 1: An Introduction to Canadian Identity

8.1.1 Investigate how artistic and literary expression reflects the following aspects of Canadian identity: landscape, climate, history, people-citizenship, and related challenges and opportunities (8)

Unit 2: Geographic Influences

8.2.1 Demonstrate an understanding of the basic features of Canada’s landscape and climate (12)

8.2.2 Analyse the effects of selected geographic factors on Canadian identity (15)

8.2.3 Demonstrate an understanding of the nature of migration and its impact on post-1920 Canada (7)

Unit 3: Decades of Change

8.3.7 Analyse how globalization has affected Canada and Canadians since 1980 (11)

Unit 4: Citizenship

8.4.1 Take age-appropriate actions that demonstrate the rights and responsibilities of citizenship (local, national, and global) (10)

8.4.2 Demonstrate an understanding of how citizenship has evolved over time (10)

8.4.3 Demonstrate an understanding of the structure and operation of government in Canada under a federal system (17)

Instructions: Examine the picture (Figure 1.14) on page 15 and the poem “Peter Emberley” on pages 14-15. Fill in the chart below to show how Canadian identity is reflected in artistic and literary expressions. (8.1.1)

ART CHART

Title / Geography / People / History / Challenges & Opportunities
“Peter Emberley”
Sir John Franklin’s Northwest Passage Expedition


Instructions: How has globalization (our interconnection and interdependence within the world) influenced us politically, economically and culturally? Consider the Globalization list below to fill in the chart summarizing in your own words 2 ways for each column on how globalization has affected Canada. Note: each statement should correctly include the word “world.” (8.3.7)

Political Aspect / Economic Aspect / Cultural Aspect
·  / ·  / · 

1)  Refer to the handout on the Pros and Cons of Globalization. In your opinion is globalization “good” or “bad?” Give valid reasons for your point of view.

______

______

2)  List 4 ways that globalization has influenced Canada’s environment. Consider some topics in the word box below.

1. ______

2. ______

3. ______

4. ______

5. ______

Over-harvesting forest products / Variety of uses of CFCs
Burning fossil fuels / Ocean & air pollution


Instructions: List 5 Rights of Canadian citizens. Consider the following categories: Fundamental, Democratic, Mobility, Legal, Equality, and Language. (8.4.1)

1)  ______

2)  ______

3)  ______

4)  ______

5)  ______

6)  ______

Instructions: List 5 Responsibilities of Canadian citizens. Consider the following topics: Sustainable development, political and social systems, human rights issues (discrimination), principles and actions of just societies, and cultural heritage contributions. (8.4.1)

1)  ______

2)  ______

3)  ______

4)  ______

5)  ______

Instructions: Match each factor with the correct historical time period. (8.4.2)

____ 1. “freedom, equality, brotherhood”
____ 2. “life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness”
____ 3. 2 levels of government (federalism)
____ 4. 300 laws carved on stone pillar
____ 5. Direct democracy
____ 6. Parliament (not monarchy) governed
____ 7. Representative group (Parliament)
____ 8. Right to legal representation
____ 9. Rule of law
____ 10. Upper house (Senate) / A. Athenian Democracy
B. Code of Hammurabi
C. English Civil War
D. Iroquois Confederacy
E. Magna Carta
F. Revolution in France
G. Revolution in the U.S.
H. Roman Law


Instructions: Match each event with the correct aspect of Canada’s history. Some answers must be used more than once. (8.4.2)

____ 1.
____ 2.
____ 3.
____ 4.
____ 5.
____ 6.
____ 7.
____ 8.
____ 9.
____10. / Abolished in British Empire in 1834
Before Contact were independent, self-governing
Europeans began a policy of assimilation
Famous Five
Farmers came from countries other than France or
Britain
French civil law and seigneurial system used
Governor and council were collectively accountable to elected assemblies
8000 were sent to Internment camps
Offered transportation & free land in Canada
Privy Council ruled that they were “persons” and could be elected / A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H. / Enemy Aliens
First Nations & Inuit
Loyalists
Multiculturalism
Quebec Act 1774
Responsible Government
Rights for Women
Slavery

Instructions: Answer the following questions about Canadian government. (8.4.3)

  1. Which system of government has two levels of government?

(a) unitary system (b) federal system

  1. What is another name for the central government? ______
  1. What is another name for regional governments? ______
  2. These powers: health, education, and highways were the responsibility of the

(a) federal government (b) provincial government (c) municipal government

  1. These powers: snow removal, fire protection, and water supply were the responsibility of the

(a) federal government (b) provincial government (c) municipal government

  1. These powers: defense, foreign policy, and banking were the responsibility of the

(a) federal government (b) provincial government (c) municipal government

  1. Which branch of government makes laws?

(a) executive branch (b) judicial branch (c) legislative branch

  1. What does the judicial branch of government do?

(a) carry out laws (b) interpret & enforce laws (c) makes laws

  1. Which branch of government carries out laws and regulations?

(a) executive branch (b) judicial branch (c) legislative branch


Instructions: Put the following steps for a bill to become a law in the correct order. Number them correctly from #1-8. Match each step with the correct description (letter). (8.4.3)

Royal Assent: / A.  Additional amendments to the bill may be moved, debated and voted on.
Report Stage: / B.  The bill is debated a final time and voted on.
Third Reading: / C.  The bill is “read” for the first time, without debate, and printed.
Message: / D.  They hear witnesses, examine the bill clause by clause and submit a report recommending the bill be accepted as is or with amendments, or that it not proceed any further.
Second Reading: / E.  The Governor General or a deputy signs the bill and it becomes an act (law) of Parliament
Committee Stage: / F.  Once passed, the bill is sent to the other House, where the process starts again from first reading.
Introduction: / G.  The principle of the bill is debated. It is then voted on and the bill is sent to a parliamentary committee.
First Reading: / H.  The process begins when a bill is introduced.

Instructions: The Election Process: Fill in the boxes with the correct letters. (8.4.3)

Governor General calls the / A.  Approximately 36 days
B.  All eligible citizens (18+ yrs old…)
C.  At least every 5 yrs.
D.  At the request of the prime minister
E.  Check off voters’ names
F.  Collect ballots when polls close
G.  Explain party’s platform
H.  Independents
I.  Laws regulates money amounts and TV time
J.  Member of political party
K.  On a “non-confidence motion”
L.  One vote per open position
M.  Polling station
N.  Representative
O.  Secret ballot
P.  Use media, signs, meetings, debates
Q.  Votes are counted (scrutineers ensure count is fair)
election (When?)
Candidates nominated in each
Riding as what?
Voter list prepared (Who is on
it?)
Political parties run campaigns
Explain.
Citizens informed of the
location of what?
Voters cast ballots for candidate
(Process?)
Election officials ensure rules
are followed. How?
Candidate with most votes declared the winner (Become
what?)


Instructions: Label the structure of the federal government correctly using the word box. (8.4.3)


Instructions: Identify, based on the description, the correct name of each landform region. (8.2.1)

A.  Hudson Bay Lowlands
B.  Western Cordillera
C.  Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Lowlands
D.  Arctic Lowlands / E.  Appalachian Mountains
F.  Innuitian Mountains
G.  Interior Plains
H.  Canadian Shield
Between the Shield and Western Cordillera
Extensive area of plain (3 prairie plains separated by 2 long steep slopes- escarpments)
Southern central area is semi-desert
Soil, black earth (chernozem) ideal for growing wheat
In northern Ontario and Manitoba
Mainly flat and poorly drained
Soil is mix of tundra and podzols (leads to swamp forests)
In the Far North
Over 2000 m with steep-sided valleys
Too cold for trees to survive
Parallel mountain ranges (3000 m+) Separated by plateaus
Interior valleys - good soil where rivers deposited sand/silt (large delta-Vancouver)
Western slope forest is most luxuriant, fastest-growing
2-or-300 year old fir trees may be 100+ m high and 5 m diameter
Rolling hills and broad valleys; Deep, fertile soil
Mountains 1000 m
Coniferous and deciduous forests
More coniferous in cooler northern regions
Most of Atlantic Canada
South of Innuitians
Upland plateau surfaces and lowland plains
Tundra, treeless plain
Cold, dry climate
Poorly drained soil
Short growing season (sparse vegetation- lichens & moss)
South of the Shield
Region of plain
Fertile soil (brown earth)
From southwestern Ontario along the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River to the mouth of Saguenay River (Quebec)
Thin, acidic soils (podzols)
Coniferous forests
Not suited to agriculture
Covers most of central Canada

Instructions: Indicate if each climograph is a type B (Dry), C (Warm, Moist – Maritime), D (Cool, Moist – Continental) or E (Polar) climate. (8.2.1)


Instructions: Make a climate graph using the data given (Moncton, NB data). What type of climate is it (Dry, Warm-Moist, Cool-Moist, Polar)?

Temp / Precp
(ºC) / (mm)
J / F / M / A / M / J / J / A / S / O / N / D
Temp / -9 / -8 / -3 / 3 / 10 / 15 / 19 / 18 / 13 / 7 / 2 / -6 / (ºC)
Precp / 31 / 26 / 38 / 57 / 86 / 93 / 103 / 81 / 81 / 103 / 86 / 52 / (mm)

Instructions: Why do people migrate, or move, to a new place? (8.2.3) Given the word bank of reasons, divide them into the correct category (Push Factors or Pull Factors). Put each letter in the correct column.

Push Factors / Pull Factors / Reasons
A.  Access to technology
B.  Advantages of mild climate
C.  Availability of land
D.  Climate change
E.  Democratic political system
F.  Discovery/development of resources
G.  Famine
H.  Greater economic opportunity
I.  Lack of freedom
J.  Natural disasters
K.  Poverty
L.  Reunion of families
M.  Unemployment
N.  War


Instructions: Using the word bank, if you need, fill in the blanks showing the effects of geographic factors on Canadian identity. (8.2.2)

Features of the physical landscape that encourage settlement had three (3) main purposes. What are they? What are the 3 main reasons why a site is chosen for a new settlement?

  1. ______
  2. ______
  3. ______

What five (5) resources encourage settlement? What were they used for?

  1. ______
  2. ______
  3. ______
  4. ______
  5. ______

What three (3) physical features aid defence?

  1. ______
  2. ______
  3. ______

What three (3) features encourage transportation? Explain what they mean (bonus).

  1. ______
  2. ______
  3. ______

Fill in the chart below. List the province(s) that make up each region. Place at least two (2) site or situation factors that best represent each region.

Atlantic Canada / Central Canada / The Prairies / British Columbia / The North
Province(s)
Factor #1
Factor #2
Word Bank:
Abundant trees; Bridge; Confluence; Defence; Fertile soil; Head of navigation; Island; Manufacturing; Peninsula; Plentiful fish; Presence of minerals; Resources; Sheltered harbour; Transportation; Water