Section: What Are Earthquakes?

Name______Class______Date______

Skills Worksheet

Directed Reading 8.1pages 224-229

Section: What Are Earthquakes?

1.What is seismology?

______

2.The scientists who study earthquakes are called ______

Where do earthquakes occur?

3.Where do most earthquakes take place?

______

4.Giant pieces of Earth’s thin, outermost layer are called ______

5.When tectonic plates move and slip past each other, they cause ______in Earth’s crust.

6.Why do earthquakes occur along faults?

______

WHat Causes earthquakes?

Match the correct definition with the correct term. Write the letter in the space provided.

_____7.rock deformation that is like a stretched rubber band and leads to earthquakes

_____8.change in the shape of rocks in response to stress

_____9.sudden return of elastically deformed rock to its undeformed shape

_____ 10. rock deformation that is like a piece of molded clay and does not lead to earthquakes

Directed Reading A continued

11.What causes rock deformation?

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12.What occurs when more pressure is applied to a rock than it can withstand?

______

13.During elastic rebound, energy is released that travels as seismic waves. What do the seismic waves cause?

______

FAULTS AT TECTONIC PLATE BOUNDARIES

_____ 14. Places where a large number of faults are located are

a.convergent zones. c. earthquake zones.

b.divergent zones. d. boundary zones.

Match the correct definition with the correct term. Write the letter in the space provided.

_____ 15. occurs where two plates slip past each other

_____ 16. occurs where two plates push together

_____ 17. occurs where two plates pull away from each other

18.Where do most earthquakes happen?

______

Directed Reading A continued

how do earthquake waves travel?

_____ 19. Seismic waves that travel through Earth’s interior are

a.surface waves. c. earth waves.

b.body waves. d. secondary waves.

_____ 20. Seismic waves that travel along Earth’s surface are

a.surface waves. c. earth waves.

b.body waves. d. secondary waves.

_____ 21. Which of the following is a type of body wave?

a.surface wave c. R wave

b.S wave d. convergent wave

_____ 22. Which of the following is the fastest type of seismic wave?

a.surface waves c. S waves

b.body waves d. P waves

_____ 23. Waves that travel through solids, liquids, and gases are

a.surface waves. c. P waves.

b.S waves. d. convergent waves.

_____ 24. Another name for a pressure wave is

a.convergent wave. c. primary wave.

b.surface wave. d. secondary wave.

_____ 25. Which of the following is another name for an S wave?

a.secondary wave c. surface wave

b.P wave d. primary wave

_____ 26. An S wave is unable to travel through

a.solids. c. rubber.

b.liquid. d. rock.

_____ 27. How many types of surface waves are there?

a.one c. three

b.two d. four

28.What does the speed of a seismic wave depend on?

______

29.Which are always the first waves of an earthquake to be detected?

______

30.Which type of body wave always arrives second?

______

Directed Reading A continued

31.How are surface waves different from body waves?

______

Match the correct definition with the correct term. Write the letter in the space provided.

_____ 32. wave of energy that travels through Earth, away from an earthquake in all directions

_____ 33. seismic wave that causes particles of rock to move in a back-and-forth direction

_____ 34. seismic wave that causes particles of rock to move in a side-to-side direction

Holt Science and Technology1Earthquakes