WHAP Unit 4 Exam, Chapters 13, 14, and 15Name:
STUDY GUIDEDate:
Hour:
Chapter 13

  1. During colonialism, what area in the New World experienced the least racial mixing and was the least willing to recognize the offspring of interracial unions?
  2. Why were Portugal, Spain, France, and Britain the first to expand into the New World?
  3. Why did some Native Americans aid the Spanish in their initial invasion of the New World?
  4. What were the economic activities of the Spanish Empire in former Aztec and Inca lands?
  5. How did many Native Americans in Mesoamerica and Peru respond to Spanish missionaries’ efforts to convert them to Catholicism?
  6. What motivated Europeans to venture across the Atlantic Ocean?
  7. Describe slavery in Latin America.
  8. How were British colonists in North America different from Portuguese and Spanish colonies? (in purpose for the colony or goal of the colony)
  9. What contributed to higher literacy rates in the British colonies in North America than in the Spanish and Portuguese colonies in Latin America?
  10. Describe Qing China’s policy toward its possessions in central Asia.
  11. How did Chinese and Russian expansion into Central Asia affect the nomadic peoples inhabiting the steppe lands?
  12. Describe the policies of Mughal ruler Akbar.
  13. What was the result of the Ottoman Empire’s policy toward the Christian population in southeastern Europe?
  14. What caused the Great Dying?
  15. What was the result of the introduction of domesticated animals into the Americas?
  16. How did silver from the mines of Mexico and Peru affect international commerce?
  17. Describe the Columbian Exchange.
  18. Describe the policies/economic beliefs of mercantilism.
  19. Why did Russian expand beginning in the sixteenth century?
  20. What happened to the native populations of the steppes and Siberia as a consequence of Russian imperial expansion?
  21. What policy of the Mughal Empire contributed to the growth of Hindu opposition to Mughal rule by the late seventeenth century?
  22. What policy/action of the Ottoman Empire offered Christian men a means of upward mobility?
  23. In the conflict between the Islamic and Christian worlds, which event in the fifteenth century signaled that the Islamic world held the upper hand?
  24. What was the result from Russia’s westward expansion in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries?

Chapter 14

  1. What was one main difference between the Spanish colonization of the Philippines and the Portuguese strongholds in the Indian Ocean basin?
  2. What was one main difference between how the British East India Company operated in Mughal India and how the Dutch East India Company operated in what is now Indonesia?
  3. How did the Tokugawa shoguns treat Europeans in Japan in the early seventeenth century?
  4. How did the European presence in the Indian Ocean effect existing Asian commercial networks?
  5. The first direct and sustained link between the Americas and Asia was trade in what commodity?
  6. What was the effect on Native Americans of the fur trade in North America in the early modern period?
  7. How did the decision by the Chinese state to require payment of taxes in silver in the 1750s affect the global economy?
  8. Describe West African slave trade.
  9. How was the Atlantic Slave Trade in the Americas different from past instances of slavery in world history?
  10. How did their emergence as a major source of silver production in the sixteenth century affect Japan?
  11. What was the incentive for the Portuguese to find a direct sea route to Asia?
  12. Name Spanish colonies established in the sixteenth century.
  13. Describe the role Europeans played in the economy of the early modern era?
  14. What was the effect of the silver trade on Spain?
  15. What environmental development in the early modern period provided incentive for Europeans to go into the fur trade?
  16. How did the fur trade affect indigenous peoples in North America?
  17. What was “soft gold”?
  18. What were consequences of the Atlantic Slave Trade?
  19. The origins of the Atlantic Slave Trade were associated with which commodity?
  20. What was the effect of the Atlantic Slave Trade on African societies?
  21. What was the effect of the Atlantic Slave Trade on African women in particular?
  22. What was the effect of the Atlantic Slave Trade on African states/governments?

Chapter 15

  1. How did the Protestant Reformation affect women?
  2. What facilitated the spead of the Protestant Reformation in Europe?
  3. Which group had the greatest success in converting people outside of Europe to Christianity?
  4. What was the goal of the Wahhabi movement?
  5. What are the principles/beliefs of Sikhism?
  6. What condition in Europe that was absent in China and the Islamic world contributed to the Scientific Revolution?
  7. What was European reaction to the syncretic religions of African slave communities in the New World?
  8. How were Wang Yangmin’s view of Confucianism and Martin Luther’s view of Christianity similar?
  9. Which movement in Hinduism shared the features with mystical Sufi forms of Islam?
  10. Why did Sikhism evolve from a peaceful religion into a militant community?
  1. How was the Enlightenment related to the Scientific Revolution?
  2. How was modern European science received in China, Japan, and the Ottoman Empire during the early modern era?
  3. What made Martin Luther’s Ninety-Five Theses revolutionary?
  4. Describe the Peace of Westphalia.
  5. What caused a turning point in the relationship of between China and Christian missionaries?
  6. What feature did Andean Christianity and Mexican Christianity share?
  7. In what way was Islam spread most between 1450 and 1750? What kinds of people are responsible for its spread?
  8. Describe the kaozheng movement.
  9. According to Enlightenment thinkers, all knowledge should be based on what?
  10. How did early scientists feel about the relationship between science and Christianity?
  11. What are the main ideas of the Enlightenment?
  12. What movement was a reaction against too much reasoning in the Enlightenment?
  13. What did Enlightenment thinkers view as the innate qualities of the individual?
  14. What was Martin Luther’s view on how to relate to God and find “salvation”?