Unit 3: Macromolecules, Enzymes and Digestion
Checklist of Objectives / Practice Questions
¨  Recognize that biological organisms are composed primarily of very few elements. The six most common are C, H, N, O, P, and S / 1. What elements are found in each of the 4 groups of macromolecules?
2. What element is the backbone of all organic life?
¨  Describe the basic molecular structures and primary functions of the three major categories of
organic molecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins) / 1. Give an example of a monomer for each of the macromolecules.
2. What macromolecules would you expect to find in a cheeseburger?
3. A triglyceride consists of what four components?
4. Lactose breaks down into galactose and glucose. Lactose is classified as a______?
¨  Explain the role of enzymes as catalysts that lower the activation energy of biochemical reactions. Identify factors, such as pH and temperature, that have an effect on enzymes. / 1. Describe how each grouping of enzymes digests its respective substrates (food).
2. What are the four ways an enzyme can be affected?
3. What happened to the catecholase when the lemon/lime juice was added?
4. Give an example of an enzyme and its substrate. Why are enzymes specific to their substrates?
¨  Explain generally how the digestive system
converts macromolecules from food into smaller molecules that can be used by cells for energy and for repair and growth / 1. Draw out a diagram of the digestive system and label the primary and secondary organs.
2. Describe the function of each primary organ in the digestive system in terms of mechanical and chemical digestion.
3. Trace the pathway of a cheeseburger through the digestive system. At each primary organ, identify enzymes involved, which secondary organs involved (if applicable) and where absorption of the food takes place.
Key Terms (for Making Flashcards)
Quiz 1: CHONPS, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, enzyme, catalyst, activation energy, Monomer (examples of), Polymer (examples of), denatured, substrate
Quiz 2: Mouth, Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine, Large Intestine, Villi, Liver, Gall bladder, Pancreas, Amylase, Protease, Lipase
Sources of Information to Use in Studying
Homeworks: Notes, Powerpoint slides
Labs: Enzyme lab
Flashcards: From key terms above
Class Notes: Power point handouts and your own written notes if any
Practice Questions: Posted in above section (also your do-nows)