SECTION 321216ASPHALT PAVEMENT

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1RELATED DOCUMENTS

  1. Contract Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions and Division01 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.

1.2SUMMARY

  1. This Section includes requirements for the following:
  2. Constructing one or more surface courses composed of a mixture of aggregate, filler if required, and bituminous material, placed on a prepared base.
  3. Asphalt surface treatments.
  4. Pavement-marking paint.
  5. Related Sections:
  6. Division 01 Section “Layout of Work and Surveys”.
  7. Division 01 Section “Contractor Quality Control”.
  8. Division 01 Section “Erosion and Sedimentation Control”.
  9. Division 01 Section “Material and Equipment”.
  10. Division 31 Section “Earth Moving”.
  11. Division 31 Section “Excavation and Backfilling of Trenches”.
  12. Division 32 Section “Aggregate Base Course”.
  13. Division 32 Section “Concrete Walks, Curbs and Miscellaneous Flatwork”.
  14. Division 32 Section “Traffic Markings”.

1.3REFERENCES

  1. Plant mix pavements for this project shall be done in accordance the Metropolitan Government Pavement Engineers Council (MGPEC) Specification Item 20 for Hot Mix Asphalt Pavement (HMA) and Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA). The latest issue is available from
  2. The MGPEC specifications to be used for this project are written as a stand-alone document. Included with the specifications Item 20 for mix identifying Asphalt Mixture criteria (grading, binder, %RAP and design level).

1.4SUBMITTALS

  1. See Division 01 Section “Submittals” for submittal requirements.
  2. Mix Designs: Submit substantiating data for each Asphalt mix design specified for use to the Project Manager not less than four (4) weeks prior to first Asphalt placement. Data for each mix shall, as a minimum, include the following:
  3. Mix identification designation (unique for each mix submitted).
  4. Statement of intended use for each mix.
  5. Mix proportions.
  6. Shop Drawings: Indicate pavement markings, lane separations, and defined parking spaces. Indicate, with international symbol of accessibility, spaces allocated for people with disabilities.
  7. Samples: For each paving fabric, twelve-inches (12”) by twelve-inches (12”) minimum.
  8. Samples for Verification: For the following products, in manufacturer's standard sizes unless otherwise indicated:

***edit required product sample list in subparagraphs below***

  1. Each paving fabric, twelve-inches (12”) by twelve-inches (12”) minimum.
  2. Each type and color of preformed traffic-calming device.
  3. Each pattern and color of imprinted asphalt[and precut marking material].

1.5QUALITY CONTROL

  1. Installer Qualifications: Submit supportive documentation as to theasphalt installer’s qualifications relative to training and experience for installation of asphalt required for this Project. Installer to have been in business in the State of Colorado continuously for a minimum of five (5) years, and can prove experience on completed jobs of similar scope and complexity.
  2. Pre-installation Conference: Conduct conference at Project Site.
  3. Review methods and procedures related to hot-mix asphalt paving including, but not limited to, the following:
  4. Review proposed sources of paving materials, including capabilities and location of plant that will manufacture hot-mix asphalt.
  5. Review condition of subgrade and preparatory work.
  6. Review requirements for protecting paving work, including restriction of traffic during installation period and for remainder of construction period.
  7. Review and finalize construction schedule and verify availability of materials, Installer's personnel, equipment, and facilities needed to make progress and avoid delays.
  8. Quality Control: The Contractor is responsible for Quality Control Testing, including workmanship and materials furnished by his subcontractors and suppliers.
  9. Per MGPEC requirements.
  10. Inspection or testing does not relieve the Contractor of his responsibility to perform the Work in accordance with the Contract Documents.
  11. Contractor is responsible for proof rolling and or testing of all sub-grade prior to placement of Aggregate Base Course. The Contractor shall verbally or in writing inform the Project Manager the day of any failed or passed tests.
  12. The Project Manager shall be notified a minimum of forty-eight (48) hours prior to the dates of concrete placement and testing.
  13. Contractor shall provide written test results within forty-eight (48) hours of receiving results from testing agency.
  14. Should a test result come back as failed, the Contractor is responsible for removal, disposal and replacement of failed sections until specifications have been met. This work shall be completed at no additional cost to the City.
  15. City reserves the right to provide Quality Assurance testing at anytime during the project.
  16. Testing:
  17. Contractor is responsible for providing Quality Control testing through a third-party testing agency. The third-party testing agency will provide testing at random locations and times as directed by the Project Managerto ensure that quality Control standards are being achieved.

1.6DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

***Retain this article if pavement-marking materials are required.***

  1. Deliver pavement-marking materials to Project site in original packages with seals unbroken and bearing manufacturer's labels containing brand name and type of material, date of manufacture, and directions for storage.
  2. Store pavement-marking materials in a clean, dry, protected location within temperature range required by manufacturer. Protect stored materials from direct sunlight.

1.7PROJECT CONDITIONS

  1. Environmental Limitations: Do not apply asphalt materials if subgrade is wet or excessively damp, if rain is imminent or expected before time required for adequate cure, or if the following conditions are not met:
  2. Prime Coat: Minimum surface temperature of sixty (60) deg F.
  3. Tack Coat: Minimum surface temperature of sixty (60)deg F.
  4. Slurry Coat: Comply with weather limitations in ASTMD3910.
  5. Asphalt Base Course: Minimum surface temperature of forty (40) degFand rising at time of placement.
  6. Asphalt Surface Course: Minimum surface temperature of sixty (60) degF at time of placement.
  7. Pavement-Marking Paint: Proceed with pavement marking only on clean, dry surfaces and at a minimum ambient or surface temperature of forty (40) degF for oil-based materialsfifty-five (55) degF for water-based materials, and not exceeding ninety-five (95) degF.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1ASPHALT MIX: Refer to MGPEC Specification:The latest issue is available from

  1. Item 7- Aggregate Base Course
  2. Item 20-Hot Mix Asphalt Pavement (HMA) and Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA).
  3. Item 22- Paving Fabric

2.2PAVEMENT MARKING PAINT AND ASSOCIATED MATERIALS

***Select from following***

  1. Alkyd-resin type, lead and chromate free, ready mixed, complying with AASHTOM248, [TypeN] [TypeF] [TypeS]; colors complying with FSTT-P-1952.

Select from colors in subparagraph below. If more than one color is required, indicate locations of each on Drawings or by inserts.

  1. Color: [White] [Yellow] [Blue] [As indicated] <Insert color>.
  1. Pavement-Marking Paint: MPI#32 Alkyd Traffic Marking Paint.
  2. Color: [White] [Yellow] [Blue] [As indicated] <Insert color>.
  3. Pavement-Marking Paint: Latex, waterborne emulsion, lead and chromate free, ready mixed, complying with FSTT-P-1952, TypeII, with drying time of less than [three] [45] minutes.
  4. Color: [White] [Yellow] [Blue] [As indicated] <Insert color>.
  5. Pavement-Marking Paint: MPI#97 Latex Traffic Marking Paint.
  6. Color: [White] [Yellow] [Blue] [As indicated] <Insert color>.

2.3AUXILLIARY MATERIALS

***Retain paragraph below with pavement-marking paints above if reflectorized pavement markings are required.***

  1. Glass Beads: AASHTOM247, Type1.

***Retain paragraph below if wheel stops are required. Revise concrete strength or dimensions of wheel stops in first paragraph to suit Project.***

  1. Wheel Stops: Precast, air-entrained concrete, 2500-psi minimum compressive strength, 4-1/2-inches high by nine-inches(9”) wide by seventy-two(72”)-inches long. Provide chamfered corners, drainage slots on underside, and holes for anchoring to substrate.
  2. Dowels: Galvanized steel, 3/4-inch diameter, 10-inch minimum length.
  3. PREFORMED TRAFFIC-CALMING DEVICES

***Retain this article if preformed traffic-calming devices are required. Copy paragraph below and re-edit for each product. Insert number to complete drawing designation. Use these designations on Drawings to identify each product***

  1. Speed [Bumps] [Humps] [Cushions] <Insert drawing designation>: Solid, integrally colored, 100 percent postconsumer or commingled postconsumer and postindustrial recycled [rubber] [plastic]; UV stabilized. Provide holes for anchoring to substrate.

***Retain one of first two subparagraphs below. Retain first for speed bumps and second for speed humps and speed cushions***

  1. Size: Modular bumps two-inches(2”) high by ten-inches(10”) wide by seventy-two-inches(72”) long, with overall length as dimensioned on Contract Drawings.
  2. Size: Modular assemblies three-inches(3”) high by twelve feet(12’) in overall width] >, with overall length as dimensioned on Contract Drawings.

***In first subparagraph below, second hardware option is limited to asphalt where drilling holes is permitted***

  1. Mounting Hardware: Galvanized-steel hardware as standard with device manufacturer.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1EXAMINATION

  1. Verify that subgrade is dry and in suitable condition to begin paving.
  2. Proof-roll subgrade below pavements with heavy pneumatic-tired equipment to identify soft pockets and areas of excess yielding. Do not proof-roll wet or saturated subgrades.
  3. Completely proof-roll subgrade in one direction, repeating proof-rolling in direction perpendicular to first direction. Limit vehicle speed to 3 mph.
  4. Proof roll with a loaded 10-wheel, tandem-axle dump truck weighing not less than fifteen (15) tons.
  5. Excavate soft spots, unsatisfactory soils, and areas of excessive pumping or rutting, as determined by Project Manager, and replace with compacted backfill or fill as directed.
  6. Proceed with paving only after unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.

***Retain paragraph below if imprinted asphalt paving is required.***

  1. Verify that utilities, traffic loop detectors, and other items requiring a cut and installation beneath the asphalt surface have been completed and that asphalt surface has been repaired flush with adjacent asphalt prior to beginning installation of imprinted asphalt.

3.2REFERENCE STANDARD: Refer to MGPEC Specification.The latest issue is available from

  1. Item 5- Stabilized Subgrade
  2. Item 7- Aggregate Base Course
  3. Item 20-Hot Mix Asphalt Pavement (HMA) and Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA).
  4. Item 22- Paving Fabric
  5. Items 13A through 19 pertaining to cutting, sealing and patching.

3.3FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

  1. Record of Work: Contractor to keep a record listing the time and date of placement of all asphalt materials. Such record shall be kept until the completion of the project and shall be available to the Project Manager for examination at any time. A copy of the record shall be kept and included as part of the O&M manuals at project closeout.
  2. Manufacturer Qualifications: Submit supportive documentation as to the paving mix manufacturer’s qualifications, registered with and approved by Project Manager. Manufacturer is to have been in business in the State of Colorado continuously for a minimum of five (5) years.

***Retain first paragraph below if imprinted asphalt is required***

  1. Installer Qualifications: Submit supportive documentation as to theasphalt installer’s qualifications relative to training and experience for installation of asphalt required for this Project. Installer to have been in business in the State of Colorado continuously for a minimum of 5 years, and can prove experience on completed jobs of similar scope and complexity.
  2. Regulatory Requirements: Comply with materials, workmanship, and other applicable requirements of Denver Department of Public Works for asphalt paving work.
  3. Measurement and payment provisions and safety program submittals included in standard specifications do not apply to this Section.

3.4ASPHALT PAVEMENTS

  1. Pavement sections shall be installed in accordance to the project geotechnicalreport and MGPEC, following the more stringent of the two sources.
  2. Parking Lot Asphalt Pavement:
  3. Sub-grade shall be reconditioned to a minimum depth of 8-inches or as required per the geotechnical data, whichever is greater. The sub-grade shall be moisture conditioned and compacted to ninety-five percent (95%)of Standard Proctor for ABC.
  4. Base course shall be a minimum six-inch(6”) thickness, moisture conditioned and compacted toninety-five percent (95%)of Standard Proctor in accordance with MGPEC Item 7.
  5. Parking areas shall have a minimum asphalt thickness of fiveinches (5”).
  6. Total thickness of pavement section is eleveninches (11”).
  7. Main Drive Aisles Asphalt Pavement:
  8. Sub-grade shall be reconditioned to a minimum depth of 8-inches or as required per the geotechnical data, whichever is greater. The sub-grade shall be moisture conditioned and compacted toninety-five percent (95%)of Standard Proctor.

***check geotech report to verify base course requirement.***

  1. Base course shall be a minimum six-inches (6”) thickness, moisture conditioned and compacted to ninety-five percent (95%) of Standard Proctor in accordance withMGPEC Item 7.
  2. Main drive aisles shall have a minimum asphalt thickness of six inches (6”).
  3. Total thickness of pavement section shall be twelve inches (12”).
  1. Pedestrian Walk Asphalt Pavement:
  2. Sub-grade shall be reconditioned to a minimum depth of eight-inches(8”) or as required per the geotechnical data, whichever is greater. The sub-grade shall be moisture conditioned and compacted to ninety-five percent (95%) of Standard Proctor.
  3. [If required by Geotech and shown on Contract Drawings.] Base course shall be a minimum six-inch(6”) thickness, moisture conditioned and compacted to ninety-five percent (95%) of Standard Proctor in accordance with MGPEC Item 7.
  4. Asphalt pedestrian walkways shall have a minimum asphalt thickness of four-inches (4”), installed in two (2) equal lifts.

***Revise if no base course.***

  1. Total thickness of pavement section is ten-inches (10”).

3.5PATCHING AND REPAIRS

***Retain this article if patching existing pavement. Retain first paragraph below if existing pavement is hot-mix asphalt.***

  1. Refer to MGPEC Items 19, 23, and 27.

3.6SURFACE PREPARATION

  1. Refer to MGPEC Item 20.

3.7PAVING GEOTEXTILE INSTALLATION

***Retain this article if using paving geotextile over existing hot-mix asphalt pavement. Retain embedment material from three options in first paragraph below.***

  1. Apply tack coat uniformly to existing pavement surfaces at a rate of two tenths (0.20) to three tenths (0.30) gal./sq. yd.
  2. Place paving geotextile promptly according to manufacturer's written instructions. Broom or roll geotextile smooth and free of wrinkles and folds. Overlap longitudinal joints four inches (4”)and transverse joints 6-inches.
  3. Protect paving geotextile from traffic and other damage and place hot-mix asphalt paving overlay the same day.

3.8ASPHALT TRAFFIC-CALMING DEVICES

***Retain this article only for site-formed, asphalt traffic-calming devices. Retain tolerance or revise to suit Project***

  1. Construct hot-mix asphalt speed [bumps] [humps] [cushions] [and] [tables] over compacted pavement surfaces. Apply a tack coat unless pavement surface is still tacky and free from dust. Spread mix at minimum temperature of two hundred fifty degrees (250° F.
  2. Tack Coat Application: Apply uniformly to surfaces of existing pavement at a rate of five one-hundredths (0.05) to fifteen one-hundredths (0.15) gal./sq. yd.

***Revise first subparagraph below to insert designations of state or local DOT if mixes are different***

  1. Asphalt Mix: Same as pavement surface-course mix.
  2. Before installation, mill pavement that will be in contact with bottom of traffic-calming device. Mill to a depth of one inch(1”) from top of pavement to a clean, rough profile.
  1. Place hot-mix asphalt to cross section indicated, by machine or by hand in wood or metal forms. Tamp hand-placed materials and screed to smooth finish. Remove forms after hot-mix asphalt has cooled.

3.9SURFACE TREATMENTS

***Retain this article if surface treatments, which are usually applied to older asphalt pavements, are required. See Evaluations***

  1. Fog Seal: Refer to MGPEC Item 24.
  2. Chip Seal: Refer to MGPEC Item 25.
  3. Slurry Seals: Refer to MGPEC Item 26.

3.10PAVEMENT MARKING

  1. Do not apply pavement-marking paint until layout, colors, and placement have been verified with Project Manager.

***Marking-paint manufacturers caution that paint will bleed or tear surface of new asphalt unless asphalt is aged before painting. This aging period may vary from 30 to 90 days. If pavement marking must proceed immediately, consider revising to a phased application of a thin first coat followed by a thicker second coat once asphalt has aged. Verify that two-coat application is recommended by pavement-marking manufacturer***

  1. Allow paving to age for [thirty (30)] [ninety (90)] <Insert number> days before starting pavement marking.
  2. Sweep and clean surface to eliminate loose material and dust.
  3. Apply paint with mechanical equipment to produce pavement markings, of dimensions indicated, with uniform, straight edges. Apply at manufacturer's recommended rates to provide a minimum wet film thickness of fifteen (15) mils.

***Retain subparagraph below if glass beads are required for reflectivity.***

  1. Broadcast glass beads uniformly into wet pavement markings at a rate of six (6) lb/gal.

3.11WHEEL STOPS

***Retain this article if wheel stops are required.***

  1. Install wheel stops in bed of adhesive as recommended by manufacturer.
  2. Securely attach wheel stops to pavement with not less than two (2) galvanized-steel dowels embedded at one-quarter to one-third points. Securely install dowels into pavement and bond to wheel stop. Recess head of dowel beneath top of wheel stop.

3.12PREFORMED TRAFFIC-CALMING DEVICES

***Retain this article if preformed traffic-calming devices are required.***

***Retain first paragraph below where permanently installed devices are required or if traffic load is very heavy and mechanical attachment is insufficient.***

  1. Install preformed speed [bumps] [humps] [cushions] in bed of adhesive as recommended by manufacturer for heavy traffic.
  2. Securely attach preformed speed [bumps] [humps] [cushions] to pavement with hardware spaced as recommended by manufacturer for heavy traffic. Recess head of hardware beneath top surface.

3.13CLEANING

  1. Perform cleaning during installation of the Work and upon completion of the Work. Remove all excess materials, debris, and equipment from site. Repair any damage resulting from installation of asphalt pavement.
  2. Remove all erosion-control measures once the pavement has fully cured.

3.14PROTECTION

  1. Restrict vehicular and pedestrian traffic from asphalt pavement until it has been fully cured. Erect temporary fencing or barricades and warning signs as required or directed by the Project Manager at no additional cost to the City.

PART 4 - MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT