Appendix 1, UNIT 1

FIND
Them
refers
to…?
IT refers to…?
They
refers…?
It refers
to…?
The Lord Mayor returned to bed….
Inflammablematerials refers to…
Which houses did he order to pull down?
In what way did the King encourage the workers?
How many churches were burnt? / The Fire of London
In 1666 a terrible fire destroyed much of the city of London. Two men were very involved with the fire in two different ways. The first was a man called Samuel Pepys who kept a diary for most of his life. His account of the fire gives us a dramatic idea of what it was like. The second was an architect and scholar Sir Christopher Wren, who designed many churches. The most famous of them is St. Paul’s Cathedral.
The fire broke out in a bakery in the early hours of Sunday, September 2, 1666. The baker was a man called Thomas Farrinor, whose premises were in Pudding Lane. Noone knows exactly how it happened, but he probably left a pile of sticks too near the oven.They caught fire and then set the kitchen alight. The wooden houses nearby were very dry because of a long hot summer, and were joined together by narrow streets. A strong East wind caused the flames to spread quickly from bakery to other houses.
At first no one took any notice of the fire. Samuel Pepys woke up at 3 a.m. but “thought it far enough off, and so to bed again and to sleep” as he wrote in his diary. The Lord Mayor, Sir Thomas Bludworth, also thought it was just a minor outbreak and so he too returned to bed. Many of the houses nearby especially near the river were warehouses full of goods like candle-wax and barrels of oil and spirits. These very inflammable materials quickly added to the fire. By the morning three hundred houses were burning.
Pepys at last realized the seriousness of the situation and went to warn the King, Charles 2, who sent him to the Lord Mayor with the instructions to pull down the houses. But few people listened to him, and many of them refused to allow soldiers to demolish their shops and houses.
On Tuesday, September 4, the King put his brother, the Duke of York, in charge of operations. He organized demolition immediately. The King himself helped to fight the fire and distributed gold coins to encourage the workmen. Finally on Thursday the fire was brought under control. To the North-West soldiers stopped it at Pie Corner. Pepys’ house remained untouched by the fire.
Miraculously only eight people had died, but over 13,000 houses had been destroyed. Almost a quarter of a million people were homeless and many went to the country. Eighty churches in the city had been burned including St. Paul’s Cathedral, and the streets were filled with smoldering timbers. Five sixths of the medieval city had disappeared for ever. / NOTES
… were involved inthe fire
The Fire of London broke out ….
A pile of sticks…. and…
No one …..
The inflammable materials of the warehouses……
King Charles 2 gave the Lord Mayor the instructions……. But the latter ……..
The Duke of York, put in charge of the operations by the King, …….
Very few people……….but thousands of houses…….
Five sixths of the medieval city……including…..

Appendix 1, Unit 3

“The story of the Loch Nesse Monster.

Listen to the story, write notes while listening.

1)The story of ………………………………………………………………………………..is the biggest mystery of……………………………………………………………………………..

2)It begins …………………………………….when ………………………………………………

3)Since then it ……………………………………………………………………………… and described many times.

4)The monster is…………………………………………………….. long, the body……………………….., it has ………………., and swims at more than …………………………………………… .

5)No one seems to agree ……………………………………… of the monster’s head.

6)The expedition, sent …………………………………………………… was disappointed:

The footprints turned out …………………………………………………………………………..

7.It is known, however, that the monster sometimes………………………………………

8. Besides two …………………………………………………………………………

9.There are two accounts ……………………………………………………………………………….

10. People have different views on …………………………………………………………………..

11.The question is whether ……………………………………………………………………………..

Appendix 1, Unit 4

British people ought really to be called Britons, but they seldom are. Instead they are most often called Englishmen. This annoys the Welsh, the Scots and the Irish, who dislike being called English, even if they live in England.

The English are mainly Anglo-Saxon and Norman in origin, but the Welsh, the Scots and the Irish are not. They are Celts, descendants of the ancient people who had crossed over from Europe to the British Isles centuries before the Roman invasion. It was these people whom the Germanic Angles and Saxons conquered in the fifth century A.D.*

*A.D. – Anno Domini – (in the year) since the birth of Christ.

Appendix 2, Unit 4

Listen to the recorded speech “Changes in the English Language”, consult the words in italics. Write your notes while listening.

(Fred Westacott, Wales, to derive from…, musical lift, )

  1. Fred Westacott comes from ………………………………….though he…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(to cease to be…, a concept, Gosh, Crikey, Golly, By Jingo, By Jove, an exclamation; near/ mild swear words, Christ, Blast; Damn, Bloody; permissive)

  1. The English words are in a continuous …………………………………………………..

Words like …………………………………have passed out………………………………….

and may only be used by………………………………………………………………………….

The use of exclamations like………………… ….reflects….……………………

society………………………………..

(Environs, suburbs, wireless; a long exposure, to work in reverse)

  1. ……………………………………………………..are replacing……………………………..or

equally ………………………………………………..

This process ………………………………………………………………………………….

(technology, sociology, successive generations,; Stereo, Hi-Fi, chips, electronic devices, the Media)

  1. Science, technology and …………………………………………………………………as well as ……………………………………………………………………..produce …………………………………. .

Some of these words are: …………………………......

…………………………………………….

(initials, LASER, UNESCO)

  1. Many scientific and ……………………………………………………… such as ……….. .

……………………………………………………………………..are based ………………………. .

………………………………………………………………..

(the Pop Scene, Teddy Boys, Hippies, Skinheads, Hell’s Angels; rivals, to clash)

  1. ………………………………………………………………………………….. is difficult to keep up with.

Many of ………………………………………………………..live a very short life.

(Racism, Coons, Spades, Pakis, Paki-Bashing; assault)

  1. Racism ………………………………………………………………………………………………. .

Words like ……………………………………………………………………..refer to ………. .

………………………. .

(a drop-out, a whiz-kid, to be/not to be with it, a chippy, a take-away; Nuke, Women’s lib, women’s libber, sexism; Feminism, Labourism, Thatcherism, Monetarism, Agism; Motor- cade, car-cade, union-bashing)

  1. Words which …………………………………………………………………….are as follows:

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

Appendix 1UNIT 5

Complete the notes:

1)The Great St. Bernard Pass, which ______, is ______in Europe.

2)The ancient monastery of St. Bernard is ______from the Pass.

3)Dogs have been use to______

4)With the construction of the tunnel ______but the dogs______.

5)The monks like winter for they______; they are visited only by______.

APPENDIX 1Unit 6

Decide which words are used (V) or not used (x) in Unit2 and Unit 6.

UNIT2 UNIT6

Example:- Rhinoceroses v x

- Photographs

-Relatives

-Cousins

-Mothers

-Fathers

-Ancestors

-Apple trees

-Horns

-Teachers

-Mistakes

-Children

-Guns

-Rooms

-Friends

-walls

Appendix 2 Unit 6

“A chance in a million”

1)Nineteen century novels were rich with ………………………………………….. totally

unacceptable for …………………………………………………………………………………. .

2)Yet in real life …………………………………………………………………………………. .

3)Mrs. Bussman noticed a strong …………………………………………………….……. to

her husband.

4)Franz knew that ……………………………………………………………………………………. .

5)Mrs. Bussman found out that ………………………………………………………………..

6)Hans had been wounded …………………………………………………….. ,all records

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

7)He came home only to find that ………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

8)Since then he …………………………………………………………………………………..