1.-Goodness of Fit Analysis of the CSWL to the Population (INSS). 2005-2013

ONLINE APPENDIX

1.-Goodness of fit analysis of the CSWL to the population (INSS). 2005-2013.

In Tables 1.1-1.8, the underrepresented cohorts with percentages less than 3% of the population are highlighted in green, the overrepresented cohorts with percentages greater than 5% and less than 100% in red, and the cohorts with outliers or percentages over 100% of the population in orange.

Table 1.1.- Percentages of pensions in the CSWL out of the total INSS population by age. 2005
Age Cohorts / PERMANENT DISABILITY / RETIREMENT
Male / Female / TOTAL / Male / Female / TOTAL
% / Average
pension / % / Average
pension / % / Average
pension / % / Average
pension / % / Average
pension / % / Average
pension
15-19 / 21.05 / 452.11 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 19.67 / 452.11 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
20-24 / 5.02 / 542.68 / 6.81 / 499.88 / 5.36 / 532.59 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
25-29 / 4.39 / 635.10 / 4.69 / 548.61 / 4.46 / 613.48 / Outlier / 343.56 / Outlier / 423.06 / Outlier / 383.31
30-34 / 4.69 / 602.87 / 5.02 / 532.77 / 4.78 / 582.43 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
35-39 / 4.45 / 626.29 / 4.78 / 554.08 / 4.54 / 604.76 / Outlier / 382.72 / 0.00 / Outlier / 382.72
40-44 / 4.41 / 634.18 / 4.37 / 599.70 / 4.40 / 624.01 / Outlier / 644.39 / Outlier / 431.32 / Outlier / 615.98
45-49 / 4.18 / 673.51 / 4.50 / 620.96 / 4.28 / 655.51 / 3.53 / 555.67 / 300.00 / 792.76 / 5.84 / 650.51
50-54 / 4.34 / 698.71 / 4.44 / 581.79 / 4.37 / 660.61 / 4.10 / 1.699.18 / 20.83 / 921.59 / 4.60 / 1.595.50
55-59 / 4.27 / 795.44 / 4.42 / 602.91 / 4.31 / 736.75 / 9.85 / 1.295.72 / 159.24 / 757.84 / 12.19 / 1.185.74
60-64 / 4.06 / 795.53 / 4.22 / 551.89 / 4.10 / 722.88 / 5.47 / 1.072.47 / 5.95 / 643.88 / 5.59 / 963.62
65-69 / 73.81 / 776.52 / 60.08 / 499.98 / 68.83 / 688.94 / 3.89 / 855.75 / 3.91 / 512.89 / 3.90 / 745.75
70-74 / 6.65 / 659.35 / 3.48 / 287.26 / 3.86 / 364.04 / 3.94 / 784.48 / 3.89 / 490.49 / 3.92 / 692.48
75-79 / 2.72 / 449.94 / 3.16 / 268.66 / 3.13 / 279.39 / 3.83 / 714.33 / 3.78 / 457.45 / 3.82 / 627.13
80-84 / 4.99 / 535.22 / 2.34 / 249.55 / 2.50 / 284.63 / 3.76 / 659.12 / 3.70 / 427.23 / 3.73 / 568.48
85 and over / 1.83 / 295.13 / 2.48 / 190.08 / 2.45 / 194.15 / 3.38 / 568.21 / 3.38 / 373.47 / 3.38 / 469.96
TOTAL / 4.50 / 735.98 / 4.45 / 552.17 / 4.48 / 676.22 / 3.96 / 789.00 / 3.86 / 474.00 / 3.93 / 681.00
Average age / 55 / 57 / 55 / 74 / 76 / 75
Age Cohorts / WIDOW(ER)´S / ORPHAN´S
Male / Female / TOTAL / Male / Female / TOTAL
% / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average
0-4 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 3.53 / 228.56 / 3.07 / 193.06 / 3.31 / 212.87
5-9 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 2.93 / 206.58 / 3.18 / 211.21 / 3.05 / 208.87
10-14 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 3.47 / 207.22 / 3.56 / 215.46 / 3.51 / 211.27
15-19 / 233.33 / 585.12 / 75.00 / 504.68 / 118.18 / 547.99 / 4.40 / 209.72 / 4.14 / 211.40 / 4.27 / 210.53
20-24 / 175.51 / 564.11 / 30.38 / 554.98 / 64.73 / 560.84 / 3.12 / 230.34 / 2.85 / 241.15 / 2.97 / 235.98
25-29 / 88.36 / 539.13 / 10.09 / 471.44 / 18.85 / 506.94 / 3.66 / 296.87 / 4.13 / 255.33 / 3.86 / 278.13
30-34 / 10.22 / 534.21 / 5.04 / 496.07 / 5.52 / 502.72 / 4.29 / 273.87 / 3.80 / 288.24 / 4.10 / 279.19
35-39 / 7.19 / 486.19 / 4.82 / 493.00 / 5.07 / 491.98 / 3.81 / 267.04 / 3.66 / 284.42 / 3.75 / 273.91
40-44 / 5.24 / 454.61 / 4.50 / 509.40 / 4.59 / 501.26 / 3.81 / 288.74 / 4.10 / 284.96 / 3.93 / 287.13
45-49 / 3.72 / 471.28 / 3.99 / 530.45 / 3.95 / 522.32 / 3.73 / 311.78 / 4.03 / 310.02 / 3.86 / 311.00
50-54 / 3.63 / 483.61 / 4.12 / 519.87 / 4.05 / 515.57 / 4.06 / 315.44 / 3.73 / 348.87 / 3.91 / 329.62
55-59 / 3.54 / 457.09 / 4.05 / 520.31 / 3.99 / 514.50 / 3.62 / 316.65 / 3.92 / 343.63 / 3.77 / 330.59
60-64 / 3.56 / 411.09 / 3.94 / 512.16 / 3.91 / 505.15 / 3.52 / 342.69 / 4.41 / 340.54 / 4.00 / 341.41
65-69 / 3.93 / 354.31 / 4.08 / 488.19 / 4.07 / 480.47 / 3.49 / 374.74 / 3.73 / 351.71 / 3.63 / 361.01
70-74 / 3.81 / 338.50 / 4.05 / 473.31 / 4.03 / 466.29 / 3.68 / 375.62 / 3.49 / 370.73 / 3.56 / 372.57
75-79 / 4.00 / 309.64 / 3.97 / 449.24 / 3.97 / 441.54 / 3.57 / 415.81 / 4.02 / 388.49 / 3.88 / 396.11
80-84 / 3.63 / 287.74 / 3.90 / 420.51 / 3.88 / 413.12 / 4.62 / 422.54 / 3.18 / 367.23 / 3.50 / 383.32
85 and over / 3.49 / 267.16 / 3.55 / 380.55 / 3.54 / 373.56 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 3.82 / 399.06 / 3.16 / 399.06
TOTAL / 3.94 / 360.00 / 3.93 / 453.00 / 3.93 / 447.00 / 3.76 / 256.00 / 3.71 / 265.00 / 3.74 / 260.00
Average age / 70 / 75 / 74 / 32 / 32 / 32
Age Cohorts / FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES / TOTAL
Male / Female / TOTAL / Male / Female / TOTAL
% / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average
0-4 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 3.53 / 228.56 / 3.07 / 193.06 / 3.31 / 212.87
5-9 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 2.92 / 206.58 / 3.17 / 211.21 / 3.04 / 208.87
10-14 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 3.45 / 207.22 / 3.53 / 215.46 / 3.49 / 211.27
15-19 / 1.46 / 166.18 / 1.82 / 392.76 / 1.64 / 289.77 / 4.42 / 213.42 / 4.13 / 213.52 / 4.28 / 213.47
20-24 / 3.55 / 255.59 / 3.72 / 268.10 / 3.65 / 263.10 / 3.77 / 310.28 / 3.16 / 275.79 / 3.45 / 293.58
25-29 / 1.15 / 286.57 / 1.93 / 226.84 / 1.62 / 243.91 / 5.45 / 543.33 / 5.43 / 430.70 / 5.44 / 501.28
30-34 / 1.78 / 160.42 / 1.98 / 176.00 / 1.90 / 170.16 / 4.70 / 529.81 / 4.69 / 472.23 / 4.70 / 506.76
35-39 / 1.23 / 380.84 / 0.75 / 141.18 / 0.93 / 261.01 / 4.44 / 558.53 / 4.57 / 490.02 / 4.49 / 528.29
40-44 / 2.82 / 200.99 / 2.74 / 175.42 / 2.77 / 185.25 / 4.38 / 574.67 / 4.39 / 517.35 / 4.39 / 548.41
45-49 / 3.25 / 339.33 / 4.71 / 357.43 / 4.23 / 352.80 / 4.09 / 621.67 / 4.22 / 551.24 / 4.15 / 586.95
50-54 / 4.99 / 375.84 / 3.44 / 439.25 / 3.94 / 413.11 / 4.26 / 667.56 / 4.21 / 535.93 / 4.24 / 602.02
55-59 / 3.56 / 350.88 / 4.17 / 357.67 / 4.00 / 356.04 / 4.58 / 836.48 / 4.36 / 551.08 / 4.47 / 699.72
60-64 / 4.96 / 362.37 / 3.97 / 401.38 / 4.18 / 391.41 / 4.78 / 949.71 / 4.49 / 558.00 / 4.66 / 793.77
65-69 / 3.13 / 395.99 / 3.69 / 373.39 / 3.60 / 376.24 / 4.08 / 842.17 / 4.09 / 502.10 / 4.08 / 699.05
70-74 / 4.75 / 369.94 / 4.47 / 391.94 / 4.50 / 389.00 / 3.94 / 773.56 / 3.96 / 480.70 / 3.95 / 639.50
75-79 / 3.97 / 328.83 / 4.02 / 333.92 / 4.01 / 333.37 / 3.84 / 699.29 / 3.87 / 449.96 / 3.86 / 567.95
80-84 / 2.75 / 451.04 / 3.65 / 405.63 / 3.54 / 409.91 / 3.75 / 638.81 / 3.79 / 421.31 / 3.77 / 507.36
85 and over / 3.14 / 309.07 / 3.70 / 334.92 / 3.62 / 331.88 / 3.38 / 538.56 / 3.47 / 375.42 / 3.44 / 423.15
TOTAL / 3.51 / 348.00 / 3.80 / 368.00 / 3.74 / 364.00 / 4.03 / 747.72 / 3.93 / 462.73 / 3.98 / 604.23
Average age / 62 / 70 / 69 / 69 / 73 / 71
Source: Authors’ Own Calculations based on the CSWL 2005 and INSS (2006).
Table 1.2.- Percentages of pensions in the CSWL out of the total INSS population by age. 2006
Age Cohorts / PERMANENT DISABILITY / RETIREMENT
Male / Female / TOTAL / Male / Female / TOTAL
% / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average
15-19 / 10.77 / 423.29 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 9.33 / 423.29 / 0,00 / 0,00 / 0,00
20-24 / 4.20 / 550.82 / 5.04 / 518.58 / 4.36 / 543.66 / 0,00 / 0,00 / 0,00
25-29 / 3.79 / 675.20 / 3.79 / 591.41 / 3.79 / 654.19 / Outlier / 355,24 / Outlier / 437,44 / Outlier / 396,34
30-34 / 4.26 / 676.82 / 4.04 / 556.39 / 4.20 / 643.55 / 0,00 / 0,00 / 0,00
35-39 / 4.03 / 656.91 / 4.07 / 580.43 / 4.04 / 633.80 / Outlier / 304,88 / 0,00 / Outlier / 304,88
40-44 / 4.13 / 691.63 / 3.98 / 633.65 / 4.08 / 674.43 / Outlier / 779,86 / Outlier / 441,02 / Outlier / 731,45
45-49 / 3.99 / 706.68 / 4.15 / 656.18 / 4.05 / 689.41 / 8,85 / 483,88 / 250,00 / 568,89 / 13,04 / 512,22
50-54 / 3.97 / 754.87 / 3.99 / 629.14 / 3.98 / 712.86 / 3,92 / 1.662,28 / 12,68 / 1.100,84 / 4,34 / 1.583,33
55-59 / 4.05 / 846.73 / 4.09 / 644.76 / 4.06 / 784.09 / 3,65 / 1.553,61 / 6,12 / 1.254,46 / 3,69 / 1.545,30
60-64 / 3.99 / 866.64 / 3.97 / 614.58 / 3.98 / 792.02 / 4,04 / 1.136,35 / 4,12 / 676,02 / 4,06 / 1.019,70
65-69 / 70.77 / 852.81 / 56.15 / 576.23 / 65.33 / 764.43 / 3,93 / 924,29 / 3,91 / 549,29 / 3,93 / 802,33
70-74 / 6.29 / 297.53 / 4.81 / 320.54 / 5.04 / 316.17 / 4,02 / 845,36 / 3,99 / 517,44 / 4,01 / 740,79
75-79 / 3.53 / 470.89 / 4.38 / 317.02 / 4.32 / 325.24 / 3,98 / 792,72 / 3,96 / 500,66 / 3,97 / 693,60
80-84 / 5.19 / 470.50 / 3.80 / 311.31 / 3.88 / 323.75 / 4,02 / 728,03 / 3,97 / 465,29 / 4,00 / 626,00
85 and over / 2.39 / 331.14 / 3.91 / 304.41 / 3.83 / 305.24 / 3,84 / 636,94 / 3,92 / 421,33 / 3,88 / 528,37
TOTAL / 4.21 / 792.94 / 4.21 / 593.08 / 4.21 / 726.17 / 3,98 / 843,00 / 3,96 / 505,00 / 3,97 / 725,00
Average age / 55 / 58 / 56 / 75 / 76 / 75
Age Cohorts / WIDOW(ER)´S / ORPHAN´S
Male / Female / TOTAL / Male / Female / TOTAL
% / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average
0-4 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4,13 / 227,71 / 4,31 / 217,02 / 4,21 / 222,49
5-9 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4,43 / 213,46 / 4,33 / 223,09 / 4,38 / 217,99
10-14 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4,21 / 216,28 / 4,00 / 227,40 / 4,11 / 221,55
15-19 / 300.00 / 823.70 / 33.33 / 595.76 / 71.43 / 732.52 / 4,19 / 224,95 / 4,19 / 222,69 / 4,19 / 223,82
20-24 / 180.00 / 592.73 / 17.79 / 583.03 / 43.01 / 589.34 / 4,50 / 251,72 / 4,29 / 259,82 / 4,38 / 256,07
25-29 / 95.48 / 595.32 / 10.59 / 545.56 / 21.03 / 573.35 / 3,74 / 276,03 / 3,81 / 270,70 / 3,77 / 273,79
30-34 / 9.87 / 543.93 / 4.77 / 522.57 / 5.22 / 526.15 / 4,11 / 302,17 / 3,53 / 318,90 / 3,88 / 308,24
35-39 / 5.93 / 527.98 / 4.53 / 511.85 / 4.68 / 514.03 / 4,09 / 286,34 / 3,82 / 294,30 / 3,98 / 289,44
40-44 / 5.39 / 495.28 / 4.30 / 525.53 / 4.43 / 520.95 / 3,88 / 313,70 / 4,10 / 328,81 / 3,97 / 320,04
45-49 / 3.79 / 515.37 / 3.94 / 548.53 / 3.92 / 544.01 / 3,76 / 354,11 / 4,06 / 333,16 / 3,89 / 344,89
50-54 / 3.53 / 515.00 / 3.90 / 562.75 / 3.85 / 556.93 / 3,98 / 348,45 / 3,83 / 363,06 / 3,91 / 354,80
55-59 / 3.37 / 467.69 / 3.97 / 551.49 / 3.91 / 543.74 / 3,64 / 378,29 / 3,88 / 391,31 / 3,76 / 384,84
60-64 / 3.36 / 460.22 / 3.87 / 550.45 / 3.83 / 544.22 / 3,67 / 371,43 / 4,60 / 377,96 / 4,16 / 375,28
65-69 / 3.97 / 381.28 / 4.03 / 525.77 / 4.03 / 517.12 / 3,66 / 393,38 / 4,06 / 391,72 / 3,89 / 392,38
70-74 / 3.69 / 353.57 / 4.02 / 508.93 / 4.00 / 500.97 / 3,51 / 417,98 / 3,65 / 411,04 / 3,60 / 413,55
75-79 / 3.84 / 331.90 / 3.98 / 484.26 / 3.97 / 476.26 / 4,13 / 459,33 / 3,97 / 437,78 / 4,02 / 444,86
80-84 / 3.62 / 307.76 / 4.01 / 456.18 / 3.99 / 448.25 / 6,14 / 426,86 / 2,67 / 406,69 / 3,46 / 414,89
85 and over / 3.71 / 282.44 / 3.92 / 409.01 / 3.91 / 401.47 / 0,00 / 0,00 / 4,07 / 449,16 / 3,37 / 449,16
TOTAL / 3.88 / 381.00 / 3.99 / 484.00 / 3.98 / 477.00 / 4,09 / 277,00 / 4,09 / 285,00 / 4,09 / 281,00
Average age / 71 / 75 / 75 / 31 / 32 / 31
Age Cohorts / FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES / TOTAL
Male / Female / TOTAL / Male / Female / TOTAL
% / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average
0-4 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.12 / 227.71 / 4.30 / 217.02 / 4.21 / 222.49
5-9 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.43 / 213.46 / 4.32 / 223.09 / 4.37 / 217.99
10-14 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.18 / 216.28 / 3.97 / 227.40 / 4.08 / 221.55
15-19 / 1.04 / 158.22 / 2.43 / 415.26 / 1.73 / 338.15 / 4.18 / 227.23 / 4.18 / 224.29 / 4.18 / 225.76
20-24 / 4.05 / 220.21 / 5.25 / 260.82 / 4.76 / 246.61 / 4.78 / 300.36 / 4.45 / 277.11 / 4.60 / 288.43
25-29 / 5.00 / 291.38 / 4.61 / 274.30 / 4.77 / 281.55 / 5.39 / 568.36 / 5.30 / 478.02 / 5.36 / 535.47
30-34 / 2.68 / 175.55 / 4.61 / 196.18 / 3.95 / 191.42 / 4.33 / 591.86 / 4.16 / 494.21 / 4.26 / 553.86
35-39 / 2.07 / 141.52 / 3.13 / 238.44 / 2.71 / 209.36 / 4.11 / 581.69 / 4.21 / 507.46 / 4.15 / 549.03
40-44 / 5.33 / 215.06 / 5.70 / 181.07 / 5.57 / 192.89 / 4.17 / 622.62 / 4.15 / 541.39 / 4.16 / 585.52
45-49 / 5.00 / 355.23 / 4.77 / 392.46 / 4.84 / 380.58 / 3.96 / 653.23 / 4.06 / 575.37 / 4.01 / 614.82
50-54 / 4.45 / 390.32 / 3.84 / 499.81 / 4.04 / 460.17 / 3.94 / 714.39 / 3.94 / 578.52 / 3.94 / 645.86
55-59 / 3.98 / 417.12 / 4.10 / 388.79 / 4.07 / 396.41 / 3.96 / 849.36 / 4.02 / 579.08 / 3.99 / 715.02
60-64 / 4.72 / 351.82 / 3.76 / 417.00 / 3.98 / 399.35 / 4.00 / 995.93 / 3.97 / 593.95 / 3.99 / 829.60
65-69 / 3.35 / 537.93 / 4.06 / 426.73 / 3.95 / 440.74 / 4.08 / 910.92 / 4.05 / 540.20 / 4.07 / 754.69
70-74 / 4.65 / 413.91 / 4.68 / 417.42 / 4.67 / 416.97 / 4.01 / 833.72 / 4.01 / 511.97 / 4.01 / 686.31
75-79 / 4.55 / 364.99 / 3.96 / 363.22 / 4.03 / 363.44 / 3.97 / 776.92 / 3.98 / 488.65 / 3.97 / 626.57
80-84 / 3.19 / 391.18 / 3.91 / 455.85 / 3.82 / 449.50 / 4.00 / 706.35 / 3.99 / 457.64 / 3.99 / 557.21
85 and over / 3.61 / 385.78 / 4.17 / 361.82 / 4.10 / 364.51 / 3.82 / 604.58 / 3.92 / 411.89 / 3.89 / 468.94
TOTAL / 3.98 / 370.00 / 4.09 / 397.00 / 4.07 / 392.00 / 4.01 / 799.18 / 4.00 / 493.51 / 4.00 / 643.04
Average age / 61 / 70 / 68 / 70 / 73 / 71
Source: Authors’ Own Calculationsbased on the CSWL 2006 and INSS (2007).
Table 1.3.- Percentages of pensions in the CSWL out of the total INSS population by age. 2007
Age Cohorts / PERMANENT DISABILITY / RETIREMENT
Male / Female / TOTAL / Male / Female / TOTAL
% / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average
15-19 / 6.41 / 323.17 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 5.81 / 323.17 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
20-24 / 4.11 / 591.75 / 5.17 / 546.75 / 4.29 / 582.44 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
25-29 / 3.87 / 663.82 / 3.73 / 597.76 / 3.84 / 647.40 / Outlier / 364.46 / Outlier / 448.82 / Outlier / 406.64
30-34 / 4.12 / 702.87 / 3.54 / 590.32 / 3.95 / 673.63 / Outlier / 258.92 / 0.00 / Outlier / 258.92
35-39 / 3.94 / 690.56 / 4.06 / 616.53 / 3.98 / 667.09 / Outlier / 321.06 / Outlier / 395.12 / Outlier / 335.87
40-44 / 4.06 / 719.18 / 3.92 / 649.85 / 4.02 / 698.14 / Outlier / 593.29 / Outlier / 452.48 / Outlier / 569.82
45-49 / 4.03 / 730.04 / 3.97 / 677.94 / 4.01 / 712.52 / 10.53 / 569.96 / 150.00 / 692.86 / 13.40 / 598.32
50-54 / 3.93 / 792.41 / 4.02 / 675.84 / 3.96 / 751.55 / 4.26 / 1.843.57 / 10.53 / 1.336.88 / 4.64 / 1.773.68
55-59 / 4.00 / 898.95 / 3.99 / 692.99 / 4.00 / 833.32 / 3.72 / 1.664.50 / 8.56 / 1.378.89 / 3.81 / 1.652.78
60-64 / 4.01 / 914.86 / 4.02 / 653.94 / 4.01 / 835.31 / 4.05 / 1.218.18 / 4.05 / 738.04 / 4.05 / 1.092.90
65-69 / 5.36 / 898.69 / 6.28 / 475.00 / 5.66 / 744.20 / 4.05 / 996.07 / 4.03 / 591.64 / 4.05 / 862.52
70-74 / 5.41 / 537.70 / 4.22 / 335.50 / 4.44 / 382.16 / 4.02 / 891.94 / 3.98 / 543.26 / 4.01 / 778.89
75-79 / 3.93 / 366.74 / 4.51 / 328.90 / 4.47 / 331.16 / 3.97 / 838.45 / 3.95 / 525.64 / 3.97 / 733.22
80-84 / 4.51 / 313.31 / 3.87 / 323.81 / 3.90 / 323.16 / 3.99 / 771.86 / 3.96 / 488.24 / 3.98 / 662.70
85 and over / 3.18 / 319.32 / 3.86 / 319.62 / 3.82 / 319.61 / 3.83 / 680.30 / 3.93 / 442.37 / 3.88 / 561.39
TOTAL / 4.00 / 831.38 / 4.00 / 632.28 / 4.00 / 763.71 / 4.00 / 897.00 / 3.98 / 535.00 / 3.99 / 770.00
Average age / 55 / 57 / 55 / 75 / 76 / 75
Age Cohorts / WIDOW(ER)´S / ORPHAN´S
Male / Female / TOTAL / Male / Female / TOTAL
% / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average
0-4 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.24 / 226.35 / 4.65 / 232.56 / 4.44 / 229.46
5-9 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.21 / 226.86 / 4.19 / 227.91 / 4.20 / 227.36
10-14 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.07 / 217.95 / 3.90 / 240.35 / 3.99 / 228.49
15-19 / 100.00 / 482.96 / 16.67 / 743.38 / 37.50 / 569.77 / 3.98 / 240.86 / 4.02 / 236.60 / 4.00 / 238.71
20-24 / 118.18 / 616.68 / 11.28 / 628.52 / 26.45 / 621.01 / 4.46 / 270.15 / 4.33 / 276.08 / 4.39 / 273.36
25-29 / 98.73 / 620.72 / 11.38 / 574.95 / 22.93 / 601.01 / 3.80 / 280.92 / 4.40 / 306.37 / 4.05 / 292.53
30-34 / 10.86 / 568.55 / 4.74 / 543.10 / 5.32 / 547.99 / 3.54 / 311.73 / 3.51 / 324.33 / 3.53 / 316.79
35-39 / 5.85 / 550.89 / 4.38 / 545.90 / 4.54 / 546.58 / 4.04 / 302.04 / 4.01 / 314.13 / 4.03 / 306.89
40-44 / 5.08 / 507.68 / 4.22 / 545.21 / 4.32 / 539.88 / 3.83 / 335.63 / 3.90 / 356.80 / 3.86 / 344.31
45-49 / 3.99 / 514.09 / 3.97 / 561.99 / 3.97 / 555.37 / 4.05 / 374.63 / 4.09 / 374.22 / 4.07 / 374.46
50-54 / 3.43 / 519.35 / 3.92 / 584.20 / 3.85 / 576.50 / 3.98 / 383.56 / 3.91 / 388.76 / 3.95 / 385.81
55-59 / 3.43 / 510.53 / 3.99 / 581.14 / 3.93 / 574.34 / 3.77 / 385.21 / 4.05 / 424.60 / 3.90 / 404.87
60-64 / 3.31 / 484.39 / 3.91 / 577.26 / 3.86 / 570.73 / 3.65 / 420.35 / 4.48 / 409.83 / 4.08 / 414.31
65-69 / 3.89 / 411.61 / 3.98 / 552.57 / 3.97 / 543.91 / 3.86 / 402.85 / 4.17 / 441.68 / 4.04 / 425.85
70-74 / 3.89 / 358.38 / 4.02 / 532.17 / 4.01 / 522.87 / 3.92 / 448.28 / 4.25 / 407.05 / 4.13 / 421.95
75-79 / 3.86 / 342.42 / 4.01 / 509.96 / 4.00 / 501.14 / 4.31 / 465.29 / 3.63 / 465.48 / 3.85 / 465.41
80-84 / 3.67 / 325.99 / 3.98 / 481.92 / 3.96 / 473.56 / 3.80 / 474.08 / 2.64 / 465.44 / 2.94 / 468.26
85 and over / 3.74 / 297.26 / 3.94 / 432.07 / 3.93 / 423.97 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 3.74 / 475.99 / 3.10 / 475.99
TOTAL / 3.89 / 395.00 / 3.99 / 508.00 / 3.98 / 500.00 / 4.01 / 297.00 / 4.06 / 308.00 / 4.04 / 303.00
Average age / 71 / 76 / 75 / 32 / 33 / 33
Age Cohorts / FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES / TOTAL
Male / Female / TOTAL / Male / Female / TOTAL
% / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average
0-4 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.24 / 226.35 / 4.65 / 232.56 / 4.43 / 229.46
5-9 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.20 / 226.86 / 4.18 / 227.91 / 4.19 / 227.36
10-14 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.05 / 217.95 / 3.88 / 240.35 / 3.97 / 228.49
15-19 / 2.52 / 198.86 / 2.51 / 337.13 / 2.52 / 268.00 / 3.99 / 241.39 / 4.00 / 237.51 / 4.00 / 239.44
20-24 / 2.90 / 220.09 / 5.33 / 310.31 / 4.29 / 284.12 / 4.55 / 312.56 / 4.43 / 289.89 / 4.48 / 300.74
25-29 / 6.48 / 204.42 / 2.91 / 301.40 / 4.38 / 242.37 / 5.60 / 575.41 / 5.45 / 507.00 / 5.55 / 551.00
30-34 / 3.88 / 230.26 / 4.52 / 175.58 / 4.26 / 195.46 / 4.14 / 623.58 / 3.90 / 516.36 / 4.04 / 582.70
35-39 / 3.06 / 193.81 / 4.37 / 202.38 / 3.91 / 200.04 / 4.03 / 613.05 / 4.18 / 540.62 / 4.09 / 581.11
40-44 / 4.82 / 233.36 / 2.23 / 157.30 / 3.33 / 204.11 / 4.09 / 649.38 / 4.05 / 565.12 / 4.07 / 611.05
45-49 / 5.65 / 345.54 / 4.47 / 481.43 / 4.83 / 433.30 / 4.04 / 671.49 / 3.99 / 594.98 / 4.02 / 634.33
50-54 / 3.67 / 431.99 / 3.72 / 489.26 / 3.71 / 471.64 / 3.89 / 749.32 / 3.96 / 611.52 / 3.93 / 678.50
55-59 / 4.42 / 424.96 / 4.18 / 441.26 / 4.25 / 436.41 / 3.94 / 901.82 / 4.00 / 617.38 / 3.97 / 759.35
60-64 / 4.15 / 374.40 / 3.72 / 418.85 / 3.82 / 407.49 / 4.00 / 1.061.96 / 3.98 / 634.71 / 4.00 / 883.62
65-69 / 3.89 / 549.39 / 3.97 / 487.10 / 3.96 / 496.76 / 4.05 / 983.83 / 4.02 / 576.75 / 4.04 / 811.49
70-74 / 4.09 / 461.11 / 4.77 / 440.75 / 4.68 / 442.99 / 4.02 / 879.01 / 4.00 / 536.72 / 4.01 / 721.34
75-79 / 5.63 / 408.94 / 3.53 / 389.83 / 3.77 / 392.98 / 3.97 / 821.25 / 3.98 / 514.36 / 3.98 / 662.14
80-84 / 2.83 / 431.03 / 4.32 / 482.36 / 4.15 / 478.22 / 3.97 / 749.07 / 3.97 / 482.16 / 3.97 / 589.74
85 and over / 2.95 / 429.52 / 4.00 / 374.73 / 3.87 / 379.83 / 3.82 / 644.93 / 3.93 / 434.03 / 3.90 / 496.70
TOTAL / 3.99 / 392.00 / 4.01 / 427.00 / 4.00 / 420.00 / 3.99 / 848.96 / 3.99 / 521.05 / 3.99 / 680.85
Average age / 61 / 71 / 69 / 70 / 73 / 71
Source: Authors’ Own Calculations based on the CSWL 2007 and INSS (2008).
Table 1.4.- Percentages of pensions in the CSWL out of the total INSS population by age. 2008
Age Cohorts / PERMANENT DISABILITY / RETIREMENT
Male / Female / TOTAL / Male / Female / TOTAL
% / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average
15-19 / 5.43 / 635.16 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 5.10 / 635.16 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
20-24 / 4.05 / 604.74 / 5.52 / 618.87 / 4.29 / 607.70 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
25-29 / 3.91 / 721.72 / 3.87 / 573.06 / 3.90 / 683.48 / Outlier / 379.40 / Outlier / 467.22 / Outlier / 423.31
30-34 / 4.08 / 717.62 / 3.78 / 637.78 / 3.99 / 695.94 / Outlier / 269.54 / 0.00 / Outlier / 269.54
35-39 / 3.91 / 734.20 / 3.95 / 636.12 / 3.92 / 702.51 / Outlier / 222.44 / Outlier / 411.30 / Outlier / 316.87
40-44 / 4.03 / 742.41 / 3.98 / 668.37 / 4.02 / 719.25 / Outlier / 390.68 / 0.00 / Outlier / 390.68
45-49 / 4.02 / 763.28 / 3.88 / 697.63 / 3.97 / 741.60 / 18.60 / 675.08 / 300.00 / 721.26 / 25.00 / 687.67
50-54 / 3.97 / 813.34 / 4.00 / 700.90 / 3.98 / 773.58 / 4.13 / 1.896.84 / 12.70 / 1.648.02 / 4.62 / 1.857.81
55-59 / 3.97 / 919.02 / 4.07 / 715.03 / 4.00 / 850.86 / 3.82 / 1.709.07 / 8.26 / 1.510.75 / 3.90 / 1.700.77
60-64 / 4.03 / 955.01 / 4.03 / 690.26 / 4.03 / 872.52 / 4.05 / 1.312.69 / 4.06 / 805.09 / 4.05 / 1.175.41
65-69 / 73.89 / 954.93 / 66.89 / 646.50 / 71.57 / 859.14 / 3.87 / 1.073.95 / 3.84 / 632.58 / 3.86 / 925.96
70-74 / 7.59 / 1.047.81 / 5.63 / 350.14 / 6.02 / 524.56 / 4.02 / 947.31 / 3.98 / 571.94 / 4.00 / 823.73
75-79 / 4.82 / 394.23 / 4.39 / 347.86 / 4.42 / 351.51 / 4.00 / 892.71 / 3.93 / 553.08 / 3.98 / 779.77
80-84 / 3.45 / 471.56 / 4.14 / 343.16 / 4.11 / 348.70 / 3.99 / 823.32 / 3.96 / 521.00 / 3.98 / 707.97
85 and over / 4.30 / 449.39 / 3.78 / 337.05 / 3.80 / 342.94 / 3.84 / 731.31 / 3.92 / 471.19 / 3.88 / 603.23
TOTAL / 4.24 / 866.73 / 4.21 / 661.15 / 4.23 / 796.30 / 3.96 / 958.00 / 3.93 / 569.00 / 3.95 / 821.00
Average age / 55 / 57 / 56 / 75 / 76 / 75
Age Cohorts / WIDOW(ER)´S / ORPHAN´S
Male / Female / TOTAL / Male / Female / TOTAL
% / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average
0-4 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.37 / 243.43 / 4.41 / 239.29 / 4.39 / 241.44
5-9 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.40 / 256.67 / 3.97 / 248.70 / 4.19 / 253.02
10-14 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.04 / 233.60 / 4.18 / 250.27 / 4.10 / 241.74
15-19 / 50.00 / 383.24 / 20.00 / 992.48 / 25.00 / 789.40 / 4.02 / 255.01 / 4.02 / 247.19 / 4.02 / 251.12
20-24 / 128.57 / 697.04 / 12.20 / 673.76 / 24.09 / 686.46 / 4.41 / 276.27 / 4.50 / 287.80 / 4.46 / 282.56
25-29 / 88.27 / 651.66 / 11.55 / 635.64 / 22.21 / 644.49 / 4.21 / 303.14 / 3.63 / 297.94 / 3.96 / 301.12
30-34 / 10.90 / 531.63 / 4.44 / 581.38 / 5.03 / 571.53 / 3.56 / 319.01 / 3.45 / 330.03 / 3.52 / 323.34
35-39 / 5.38 / 590.12 / 4.28 / 585.25 / 4.40 / 585.91 / 3.92 / 324.82 / 4.15 / 333.75 / 4.01 / 328.58
40-44 / 5.04 / 535.02 / 4.26 / 581.64 / 4.35 / 575.29 / 3.79 / 347.15 / 3.83 / 379.61 / 3.81 / 360.33
45-49 / 4.11 / 536.27 / 3.98 / 597.98 / 4.00 / 589.39 / 4.11 / 405.81 / 3.99 / 399.49 / 4.06 / 403.23
50-54 / 3.76 / 539.75 / 3.89 / 615.51 / 3.87 / 605.61 / 3.95 / 400.56 / 4.08 / 410.75 / 4.01 / 405.13
55-59 / 3.41 / 536.82 / 3.99 / 611.47 / 3.92 / 604.09 / 3.97 / 411.07 / 3.91 / 433.63 / 3.94 / 421.58
60-64 / 3.39 / 507.33 / 3.97 / 606.57 / 3.92 / 599.24 / 3.82 / 442.85 / 4.39 / 439.93 / 4.11 / 441.25
65-69 / 3.76 / 432.48 / 3.94 / 589.24 / 3.93 / 579.53 / 3.39 / 417.95 / 4.24 / 475.29 / 3.88 / 453.69
70-74 / 4.03 / 372.60 / 4.00 / 564.04 / 4.01 / 553.24 / 3.74 / 485.54 / 4.08 / 447.04 / 3.95 / 461.22
75-79 / 3.85 / 360.02 / 4.00 / 542.88 / 3.99 / 533.25 / 4.43 / 488.90 / 3.56 / 477.32 / 3.85 / 481.80
80-84 / 3.90 / 339.39 / 3.99 / 516.33 / 3.99 / 506.52 / 3.49 / 514.92 / 4.18 / 518.22 / 4.00 / 517.49
85 and over / 3.68 / 311.43 / 3.92 / 464.38 / 3.91 / 455.22 / 2.23 / 517.34 / 3.04 / 442.58 / 2.90 / 452.89
TOTAL / 3.92 / 412.00 / 3.98 / 539.00 / 3.98 / 531.00 / 4.03 / 316.00 / 4.09 / 325.00 / 4.06 / 321.00
Average age / 72 / 76 / 76 / 33 / 33 / 33
Age Cohorts / FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES / TOTAL
Male / Female / TOTAL / Male / Female / TOTAL
% / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average
0-4 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.37 / 243.43 / 4.41 / 239.29 / 4.39 / 241.44
5-9 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.39 / 256.67 / 3.96 / 248.70 / 4.18 / 253.02
10-14 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.02 / 233.60 / 4.16 / 250.27 / 4.08 / 241.74
15-19 / 2.99 / 246.46 / 2.53 / 336.22 / 2.76 / 287.26 / 4.02 / 256.63 / 4.01 / 248.79 / 4.01 / 252.74
20-24 / 3.33 / 200.03 / 5.39 / 324.54 / 4.59 / 289.52 / 4.46 / 315.92 / 4.59 / 303.03 / 4.53 / 309.10
25-29 / 5.88 / 292.93 / 5.94 / 254.84 / 5.92 / 269.58 / 5.56 / 619.14 / 5.46 / 523.78 / 5.53 / 584.90
30-34 / 6.00 / 285.52 / 8.67 / 227.96 / 7.69 / 244.41 / 4.11 / 635.68 / 3.96 / 551.16 / 4.05 / 603.67
35-39 / 2.17 / 268.50 / 5.56 / 207.18 / 4.41 / 217.40 / 3.96 / 657.67 / 4.10 / 566.95 / 4.02 / 617.68
40-44 / 3.94 / 294.44 / 5.86 / 229.60 / 5.16 / 247.61 / 4.05 / 672.10 / 4.09 / 593.28 / 4.07 / 636.00
45-49 / 4.97 / 338.75 / 5.13 / 414.96 / 5.07 / 389.56 / 4.05 / 702.62 / 3.95 / 621.45 / 4.00 / 663.72
50-54 / 4.05 / 470.44 / 3.86 / 511.87 / 3.92 / 498.81 / 3.95 / 766.58 / 3.95 / 639.68 / 3.95 / 701.69
55-59 / 4.31 / 409.41 / 4.03 / 488.07 / 4.11 / 463.76 / 3.92 / 920.55 / 4.02 / 646.66 / 3.97 / 782.50
60-64 / 4.03 / 437.50 / 3.64 / 454.86 / 3.74 / 450.33 / 4.02 / 1.130.68 / 4.02 / 678.52 / 4.02 / 940.60
65-69 / 3.72 / 560.06 / 3.86 / 490.91 / 3.83 / 502.52 / 4.05 / 1.055.41 / 3.99 / 617.18 / 4.02 / 869.61
70-74 / 4.43 / 444.41 / 4.48 / 471.01 / 4.47 / 467.77 / 4.02 / 933.05 / 3.99 / 567.04 / 4.01 / 763.88
75-79 / 5.91 / 484.29 / 3.88 / 445.27 / 4.11 / 451.61 / 4.00 / 874.50 / 3.97 / 545.21 / 3.98 / 705.36
80-84 / 3.06 / 393.76 / 4.04 / 459.37 / 3.94 / 453.81 / 3.98 / 798.21 / 3.98 / 515.40 / 3.98 / 630.01
85 and over / 3.11 / 514.88 / 4.00 / 409.46 / 3.89 / 419.55 / 3.82 / 693.32 / 3.92 / 464.81 / 3.89 / 533.72
TOTAL / 4.06 / 425.00 / 4.07 / 445.00 / 4.07 / 441.00 / 4.00 / 902.24 / 3.98 / 553.67 / 3.99 / 723.61
Average age / 61 / 70 / 68 / 70 / 73 / 72
Source: Authors’ Own Calculations based on the CSWL 2008 and INSS (2009).
Table 1.5.- Percentages of pensions in the CSWL out of the total INSS population by age. 2009
Age Cohorts / PERMANENT DISABILITY / RETIREMENT
Male / Female / TOTAL / Male / Female / TOTAL
% / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average
15-19 / 5.81 / 445.35 / 16.67 / 628.74 / 6.52 / 475.92 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
20-24 / 3.90 / 575.27 / 4.77 / 577.91 / 4.05 / 575.82 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
25-29 / 3.94 / 747.66 / 3.93 / 645.40 / 3.94 / 721.59 / Outlier / 388.52 / Outlier / 478.42 / Outlier / 433.47
30-34 / 3.82 / 741.87 / 3.58 / 655.84 / 3.75 / 718.13 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
35-39 / 4.00 / 767.11 / 4.14 / 651.33 / 4.04 / 729.17 / Outlier / 276.00 / Outlier / 421.18 / Outlier / 348.59
40-44 / 4.09 / 779.47 / 3.84 / 671.76 / 4.01 / 746.51 / Outlier / 327.12 / 0.00 / Outlier / 327.12
45-49 / 3.92 / 781.19 / 3.90 / 706.03 / 3.91 / 756.15 / 14.29 / 716.26 / 40.00 / 775.88 / 16.39 / 728.18
50-54 / 3.94 / 836.16 / 3.97 / 728.59 / 3.95 / 797.98 / 3.86 / 1.961.98 / 14.29 / 1.671.22 / 4.63 / 1.895.35
55-59 / 4.01 / 947.03 / 4.11 / 743.30 / 4.05 / 877.54 / 3.65 / 1.797.88 / 6.02 / 1.629.67 / 3.70 / 1.791.98
60-64 / 4.05 / 989.18 / 3.99 / 720.04 / 4.03 / 904.78 / 3.96 / 1.371.02 / 4.04 / 863.25 / 3.99 / 1.229.95
65-69 / 76.80 / 1.018.44 / 74.63 / 671.16 / 76.04 / 899.33 / 3.85 / 1.132.58 / 3.81 / 667.61 / 3.84 / 975.19
70-74 / 7.46 / 454.16 / 5.51 / 364.14 / 5.92 / 387.83 / 4.02 / 985.27 / 3.98 / 595.68 / 4.01 / 855.19
75-79 / 4.68 / 423.10 / 4.51 / 362.22 / 4.52 / 367.22 / 4.00 / 934.35 / 3.97 / 570.02 / 3.99 / 811.97
80-84 / 3.18 / 479.36 / 4.11 / 356.02 / 4.07 / 360.83 / 3.99 / 864.52 / 3.92 / 542.68 / 3.97 / 743.87
85 and over / 4.55 / 460.47 / 3.85 / 352.88 / 3.88 / 358.38 / 3.87 / 770.43 / 3.94 / 495.10 / 3.90 / 636.59
TOTAL / 4.21 / 896.16 / 4.20 / 687.09 / 4.21 / 824.01 / 3.95 / 1.005.00 / 3.93 / 597.00 / 3.94 / 860.00
Average age / 55 / 57 / 56 / 75 / 76 / 76
Age Cohorts / WIDOW(ER)´S / ORPHAN´S
Male / Female / TOTAL / Male / Female / TOTAL
% / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average
0-4 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.40 / 248.15 / 4.20 / 270.15 / 4.30 / 258.72
5-9 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.18 / 261.93 / 4.23 / 257.04 / 4.20 / 259.56
10-14 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.22 / 248.61 / 4.23 / 256.47 / 4.23 / 252.42
15-19 / Outlier / 392.44 / 33.33 / 1.009.48 / 50.00 / 803.80 / 4.08 / 267.00 / 4.02 / 260.80 / 4.05 / 263.96
20-24 / 200.00 / 725.70 / 12.50 / 674.13 / 20.51 / 695.62 / 4.09 / 275.47 / 4.22 / 292.65 / 4.16 / 284.59
25-29 / 86.67 / 674.82 / 9.93 / 658.19 / 17.98 / 666.60 / 4.29 / 308.30 / 3.28 / 277.10 / 3.86 / 297.07
30-34 / 19.68 / 624.61 / 4.99 / 619.05 / 6.45 / 620.74 / 3.61 / 331.62 / 3.96 / 346.58 / 3.75 / 337.95
35-39 / 5.64 / 622.27 / 4.39 / 611.30 / 4.54 / 612.91 / 3.75 / 352.52 / 4.24 / 357.90 / 3.95 / 354.86
40-44 / 4.93 / 582.70 / 4.15 / 615.17 / 4.25 / 610.68 / 3.94 / 353.75 / 3.88 / 380.78 / 3.91 / 364.64
45-49 / 4.28 / 551.69 / 4.09 / 616.82 / 4.11 / 607.77 / 3.98 / 414.72 / 4.04 / 421.39 / 4.01 / 417.48
50-54 / 3.63 / 562.38 / 3.92 / 628.37 / 3.88 / 620.01 / 4.14 / 416.67 / 3.97 / 422.28 / 4.07 / 419.06
55-59 / 3.46 / 560.39 / 3.92 / 630.40 / 3.87 / 622.98 / 4.09 / 449.65 / 3.82 / 470.01 / 3.97 / 458.69
60-64 / 3.58 / 526.53 / 3.98 / 636.11 / 3.95 / 627.30 / 3.74 / 463.78 / 4.24 / 476.97 / 3.99 / 470.98
65-69 / 3.76 / 453.84 / 3.95 / 618.00 / 3.93 / 607.54 / 3.47 / 458.39 / 4.52 / 489.97 / 4.06 / 478.04
70-74 / 4.08 / 389.55 / 3.97 / 588.36 / 3.97 / 576.72 / 3.61 / 506.09 / 4.07 / 477.72 / 3.89 / 488.19
75-79 / 3.90 / 372.00 / 4.06 / 568.38 / 4.05 / 558.10 / 4.54 / 500.98 / 3.98 / 509.91 / 4.17 / 506.66
80-84 / 4.10 / 354.96 / 3.94 / 542.96 / 3.95 / 531.96 / 3.52 / 574.51 / 4.07 / 536.26 / 3.93 / 545.23
85 and over / 3.67 / 326.52 / 3.98 / 494.49 / 3.96 / 484.65 / 2.84 / 518.13 / 2.65 / 494.91 / 2.69 / 499.55
TOTAL / 3.96 / 428.00 / 3.99 / 565.00 / 3.99 / 555.00 / 4.03 / 331.00 / 4.09 / 341.00 / 4.06 / 336.00
Average age / 72 / 76 / 76 / 33 / 33 / 33
Age Cohorts / FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES / TOTAL
Male / Female / TOTAL / Male / Female / TOTAL
% / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average
0-4 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.40 / 248.15 / 4.20 / 270.15 / 4.30 / 258.72
5-9 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.17 / 261.93 / 4.22 / 257.04 / 4.20 / 259.56
10-14 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.21 / 248.61 / 4.22 / 256.47 / 4.21 / 252.42
15-19 / 3.05 / 277.02 / 3.30 / 263.42 / 3.18 / 269.60 / 4.08 / 267.86 / 4.03 / 262.37 / 4.06 / 265.17
20-24 / 1.66 / 175.82 / 3.52 / 273.35 / 2.72 / 247.68 / 4.09 / 308.75 / 4.26 / 305.57 / 4.17 / 307.11
25-29 / 6.23 / 274.80 / 4.46 / 305.62 / 5.25 / 289.18 / 5.07 / 637.46 / 4.91 / 560.22 / 5.01 / 610.71
30-34 / 4.35 / 246.49 / 5.99 / 297.51 / 5.32 / 280.50 / 4.07 / 659.63 / 4.06 / 575.10 / 4.07 / 627.37
35-39 / 2.40 / 266.24 / 2.25 / 289.74 / 2.31 / 279.67 / 4.01 / 695.29 / 4.23 / 591.11 / 4.10 / 649.88
40-44 / 4.55 / 335.44 / 6.09 / 216.23 / 5.49 / 254.38 / 4.11 / 705.93 / 3.99 / 608.58 / 4.06 / 662.76
45-49 / 5.34 / 325.19 / 4.49 / 396.78 / 4.81 / 366.71 / 3.97 / 718.22 / 4.00 / 635.63 / 3.98 / 678.44
50-54 / 4.04 / 514.55 / 4.25 / 481.04 / 4.19 / 491.09 / 3.93 / 785.67 / 3.95 / 658.99 / 3.94 / 721.10
55-59 / 4.18 / 422.15 / 3.67 / 534.01 / 3.82 / 497.61 / 3.95 / 946.69 / 4.00 / 672.22 / 3.97 / 809.10
60-64 / 3.42 / 412.09 / 3.83 / 482.05 / 3.73 / 466.42 / 3.98 / 1.176.48 / 4.00 / 718.45 / 3.99 / 983.74
65-69 / 5.26 / 509.02 / 4.02 / 510.53 / 4.24 / 510.20 / 4.00 / 1.113.94 / 3.96 / 649.86 / 3.98 / 916.03
70-74 / 3.37 / 501.69 / 4.13 / 494.95 / 4.03 / 495.68 / 4.02 / 969.98 / 3.98 / 591.23 / 4.00 / 794.42
75-79 / 5.82 / 454.56 / 4.09 / 473.49 / 4.29 / 470.48 / 4.00 / 915.02 / 4.02 / 567.21 / 4.01 / 735.37
80-84 / 3.21 / 495.45 / 4.26 / 442.43 / 4.15 / 446.71 / 4.00 / 837.50 / 3.94 / 539.76 / 3.96 / 662.59
85 and over / 3.33 / 486.01 / 3.93 / 454.13 / 3.86 / 457.30 / 3.85 / 730.75 / 3.96 / 492.54 / 3.93 / 564.61
TOTAL / 4.03 / 429.00 / 4.03 / 466.00 / 4.03 / 459.00 / 3.99 / 943.65 / 3.98 / 579.81 / 3.99 / 757.03
Average age / 61 / 71 / 69 / 70 / 73 / 72
Source: Authors’ Own Calculationsbased on the CSWL 2009 and INSS (2010).
Table 1.6.- Percentages of pensions in the CSWL out of the total INSS population by age. 2011
Age Cohorts / PERMANENT DISABILITY / RETIREMENT
Male / Female / TOTAL / Male / Female / TOTAL
% / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average
15-19 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
20-24 / 3.75 / 611.87 / 5.38 / 485.10 / 4.03 / 582.62 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
25-29 / 4.16 / 745.08 / 3.94 / 690.74 / 4.11 / 732.06 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
30-34 / 3.85 / 787.69 / 3.48 / 700.91 / 3.74 / 764.35 / Outlier / 397.46 / 0.00 / Outlier / 397.46
35-39 / 3.90 / 808.56 / 3.93 / 695.88 / 3.91 / 772.59 / Outlier / 282.36 / 0.00 / Outlier / 282.36
40-44 / 3.97 / 803.10 / 3.95 / 710.61 / 3.97 / 772.98 / Outlier / 367.50 / Outlier / 430.88 / Outlier / 383.35
45-49 / 4.03 / 822.44 / 3.85 / 720.00 / 3.97 / 789.94 / 2.97 / 821.66 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 2.22 / 821.66
50-54 / 3.96 / 848.70 / 4.09 / 746.21 / 4.01 / 811.89 / 4.22 / 1.871.57 / 8.16 / 1.365.03 / 4.71 / 1.762.05
55-59 / 3.96 / 991.70 / 3.96 / 789.91 / 3.96 / 922.48 / 3.32 / 1.993.63 / 7.91 / 1.693.40 / 3.44 / 1.975.59
60-64 / 4.00 / 1.041.92 / 3.99 / 766.91 / 3.99 / 952.11 / 3.96 / 1.432.39 / 4.01 / 961.95 / 3.98 / 1.304.65
65-69 / 94.78 / 1.049.65 / 103.19 / 763.23 / 97.58 / 948.74 / 3.84 / 1.230.96 / 3.80 / 746.39 / 3.82 / 1.063.37
70-74 / 10.84 / 763.49 / 5.85 / 392.85 / 6.82 / 507.88 / 4.05 / 1.069.09 / 4.01 / 638.71 / 4.03 / 921.35
75-79 / 5.47 / 524.32 / 3.95 / 366.66 / 4.13 / 391.79 / 4.00 / 983.62 / 3.97 / 591.29 / 3.99 / 849.56
80-84 / 3.96 / 429.67 / 4.17 / 373.81 / 4.16 / 376.44 / 3.97 / 924.99 / 3.91 / 574.61 / 3.95 / 795.69
85 and over / 4.33 / 364.46 / 3.96 / 369.66 / 3.98 / 369.44 / 3.89 / 825.62 / 3.92 / 520.35 / 3.91 / 681.29
TOTAL / 4.18 / 933.47 / 4.18 / 730.48 / 4.18 / 863.06 / 3.95 / 1.076.00 / 3.92 / 642.00 / 3.94 / 920.00
Average age / 55 / 57 / 56 / 75 / 76 / 76
Age Cohorts / WIDOW(ER)´S / ORPHAN´S
Male / Female / TOTAL / Male / Female / TOTAL
% / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average
0-4 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.07 / 258.31 / 4.32 / 261.48 / 4.19 / 259.89
5-9 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.26 / 266.30 / 4.50 / 266.16 / 4.38 / 266.23
10-14 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.17 / 272.52 / 4.20 / 265.25 / 4.19 / 268.98
15-19 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 3.91 / 271.24 / 4.03 / 280.25 / 3.97 / 275.73
20-24 / 200.00 / 790.32 / 11.11 / 767.39 / 15.22 / 773.94 / 4.06 / 300.04 / 4.05 / 302.07 / 4.06 / 301.05
25-29 / 49.33 / 635.97 / 6.45 / 738.45 / 10.70 / 691.64 / 3.75 / 357.14 / 3.53 / 311.66 / 3.66 / 339.29
30-34 / 28.11 / 711.72 / 6.06 / 671.73 / 8.54 / 686.53 / 3.79 / 319.65 / 3.55 / 363.09 / 3.69 / 336.70
35-39 / 5.47 / 579.91 / 4.44 / 692.55 / 4.57 / 675.26 / 3.72 / 362.95 / 3.89 / 392.29 / 3.79 / 374.98
40-44 / 4.71 / 626.54 / 4.19 / 633.32 / 4.26 / 632.37 / 4.06 / 377.44 / 3.82 / 386.00 / 3.96 / 380.81
45-49 / 4.42 / 578.07 / 4.18 / 639.13 / 4.21 / 630.76 / 4.09 / 419.61 / 3.95 / 438.97 / 4.03 / 427.38
50-54 / 3.70 / 583.77 / 3.89 / 651.55 / 3.86 / 642.78 / 3.99 / 467.67 / 4.05 / 447.20 / 4.02 / 458.80
55-59 / 3.59 / 598.81 / 3.93 / 652.37 / 3.89 / 646.17 / 4.13 / 470.78 / 4.06 / 481.44 / 4.10 / 475.56
60-64 / 3.55 / 547.05 / 3.95 / 671.00 / 3.91 / 659.89 / 3.59 / 500.68 / 3.94 / 520.56 / 3.76 / 511.05
65-69 / 3.71 / 483.93 / 3.94 / 652.12 / 3.92 / 640.70 / 3.70 / 494.24 / 4.57 / 521.68 / 4.17 / 510.60
70-74 / 4.12 / 417.56 / 4.03 / 622.18 / 4.04 / 609.86 / 3.76 / 498.13 / 4.24 / 512.07 / 4.04 / 506.87
75-79 / 3.93 / 384.80 / 3.99 / 604.86 / 3.99 / 592.81 / 3.95 / 545.11 / 4.02 / 536.27 / 3.99 / 539.28
80-84 / 4.03 / 372.64 / 3.95 / 580.27 / 3.95 / 568.56 / 4.37 / 519.99 / 4.43 / 573.72 / 4.41 / 558.09
85 and over / 3.70 / 340.72 / 3.98 / 532.34 / 3.96 / 521.04 / 2.85 / 594.27 / 2.94 / 532.32 / 2.92 / 544.04
TOTAL / 3.94 / 447.00 / 3.98 / 597.00 / 3.98 / 587.00 / 3.99 / 353.00 / 4.08 / 363.00 / 4.03 / 358.00
Average age / 73 / 77 / 77 / 34 / 34 / 34
Age Cohorts / FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES / TOTAL
Male / Female / TOTAL / Male / Female / TOTAL
% / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average
0-4 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.07 / 258.31 / 4.32 / 261.48 / 4.19 / 259.89
5-9 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.26 / 266.30 / 4.49 / 266.16 / 4.37 / 266.23
10-14 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.17 / 272.52 / 4.19 / 265.25 / 4.18 / 268.98
15-19 / 1.60 / 300.90 / 2.22 / 235.57 / 1.92 / 261.70 / 3.89 / 271.29 / 4.02 / 280.13 / 3.96 / 275.70
20-24 / 3.55 / 307.79 / 3.56 / 242.54 / 3.56 / 272.66 / 4.05 / 321.00 / 4.09 / 310.28 / 4.07 / 315.78
25-29 / 2.68 / 265.52 / 4.41 / 288.74 / 3.61 / 280.66 / 4.44 / 654.17 / 4.27 / 581.06 / 4.38 / 629.89
30-34 / 0.67 / 183.70 / 4.47 / 352.56 / 2.74 / 333.80 / 4.27 / 705.93 / 4.13 / 627.67 / 4.22 / 677.16
35-39 / 4.46 / 210.32 / 2.56 / 200.32 / 3.41 / 206.15 / 3.93 / 728.89 / 4.07 / 648.45 / 3.98 / 695.27
40-44 / 4.29 / 203.04 / 2.61 / 215.41 / 3.41 / 207.99 / 4.02 / 729.79 / 4.02 / 640.25 / 4.02 / 690.04
45-49 / 3.98 / 378.44 / 3.83 / 403.55 / 3.89 / 393.09 / 4.06 / 753.95 / 4.00 / 652.57 / 4.03 / 706.72
50-54 / 3.53 / 419.53 / 4.26 / 458.47 / 4.00 / 446.42 / 3.94 / 798.52 / 4.00 / 678.54 / 3.97 / 737.75
55-59 / 4.21 / 473.41 / 3.94 / 561.54 / 4.02 / 532.97 / 3.90 / 989.18 / 3.96 / 704.83 / 3.93 / 846.57
60-64 / 3.88 / 480.01 / 4.01 / 499.55 / 3.98 / 494.64 / 3.96 / 1.237.11 / 3.98 / 777.25 / 3.97 / 1.046.14
65-69 / 4.72 / 451.37 / 3.85 / 544.03 / 4.03 / 522.23 / 3.98 / 1.207.82 / 3.95 / 715.94 / 3.96 / 997.12
70-74 / 3.59 / 661.86 / 4.08 / 539.06 / 4.02 / 553.68 / 4.05 / 1.052.50 / 4.02 / 630.68 / 4.04 / 856.64
75-79 / 4.94 / 469.96 / 4.24 / 512.82 / 4.32 / 507.24 / 4.00 / 963.21 / 3.99 / 597.25 / 3.99 / 775.21
80-84 / 5.95 / 551.89 / 4.08 / 455.18 / 4.26 / 468.25 / 3.97 / 896.80 / 3.94 / 575.17 / 3.95 / 709.66
85 and over / 2.89 / 414.12 / 4.04 / 482.09 / 3.92 / 476.72 / 3.87 / 782.55 / 3.96 / 525.56 / 3.93 / 604.89
TOTAL / 3.91 / 445.00 / 4.01 / 492.00 / 3.99 / 482.00 / 3.98 / 1.005.94 / 3.97 / 618.34 / 3.98 / 807.29
Average age / 61 / 71 / 69 / 71 / 74 / 73
Source: Authors’ Own Calculationsbased on the CSWL 2011 and INSS (2012).
Table 1.7.- Percentages of pensions in the CSWL out of the total INSS population by age. 2012
Age Cohorts / PERMANENT DISABILITY / RETIREMENT
Male / Female / TOTAL / Male / Female / TOTAL
% / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average
15-19 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
20-24 / 3.72 / 604.40 / 2.80 / 530.47 / 3.54 / 593.15 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
25-29 / 4.36 / 773.03 / 3.95 / 681.66 / 4.26 / 752.24 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
30-34 / 4.06 / 793.46 / 3.80 / 699.35 / 3.98 / 767.35 / Outlier / 401.42 / 0.00 / Outlier / 401.42
35-39 / 4.02 / 823.94 / 3.79 / 720.27 / 3.95 / 792.45 / Outlier / 285.18 / 0.00 / Outlier / 285.18
40-44 / 4.05 / 826.33 / 4.14 / 732.16 / 4.08 / 794.88 / Outlier / 405.78 / Outlier / 435.18 / Outlier / 420.48
45-49 / 4.04 / 840.25 / 3.89 / 736.38 / 3.99 / 807.20 / 3.23 / 776.24 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 2.42 / 776.24
50-54 / 4.04 / 864.41 / 4.12 / 763.06 / 4.07 / 828.70 / 4.11 / 1,945.32 / 4.69 / 1,660.00 / 4.20 / 1,891.82
55-59 / 3.97 / 1.027.75 / 4.08 / 830.79 / 4.01 / 958.54 / 3.60 / 1,993.11 / 4.88 / 1,856.74 / 3.64 / 1,987.14
60-64 / 3.97 / 1.069.62 / 3.97 / 805.45 / 3.97 / 981.85 / 4.07 / 1,449.21 / 4.23 / 1,018.97 / 4.12 / 1,330.93
65-69 / 9.10 / 975.51 / 9.73 / 674.42 / 9.30 / 872.57 / 4.01 / 1,271.61 / 3.99 / 793.02 / 4.00 / 1,103.19
70-74 / 8.14 / 509.57 / 5.28 / 379.96 / 5.98 / 423.16 / 4.04 / 1,118.09 / 3.99 / 659.58 / 4.02 / 958.84
75-79 / 4.14 / 370.68 / 3.62 / 372.12 / 3.70 / 371.88 / 4.02 / 1,005.79 / 3.97 / 599.03 / 4.00 / 865.02
80-84 / 4.35 / 393.46 / 4.25 / 379.53 / 4.25 / 380.31 / 3.97 / 952.21 / 3.94 / 583.86 / 3.96 / 817.20
85 and over / 3.90 / 386.09 / 3.87 / 376.13 / 3.88 / 376.51 / 3.91 / 849.42 / 3.92 / 531.95 / 3.91 / 701.41
TOTAL / 4.02 / 951.42 / 4.03 / 759.92 / 4.03 / 884.89 / 4.00 / 1,112.00 / 3.98 / 669.00 / 4.00 / 952.00
Average age / 54 / 57 / 55 / 75 / 76 / 76
Age Cohorts / WIDOW(ER)´S / ORPHAN´S
Male / Female / TOTAL / Male / Female / TOTAL
% / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average
0-4 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.07 / 292.33 / 4.27 / 270.18 / 4.17 / 281.04
5-9 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.36 / 269.77 / 4.77 / 270.24 / 4.56 / 270.01
10-14 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.02 / 278.02 / 4.21 / 268.44 / 4.11 / 273.22
15-19 / 0.00 / 200.00 / 770.50 / 200.00 / 770.50 / 4.06 / 275.86 / 4.06 / 283.39 / 4.06 / 279.55
20-24 / 100.00 / 529.83 / 6.10 / 651.03 / 8.33 / 616.40 / 4.04 / 301.47 / 4.11 / 299.18 / 4.07 / 300.32
25-29 / 37.70 / 625.21 / 5.84 / 701.04 / 8.79 / 670.97 / 3.83 / 348.67 / 3.22 / 310.84 / 3.58 / 334.85
30-34 / 31.58 / 725.75 / 5.57 / 695.12 / 8.59 / 708.20 / 4.06 / 325.30 / 4.06 / 338.84 / 4.06 / 330.89
35-39 / 5.36 / 573.13 / 4.55 / 711.49 / 4.65 / 691.48 / 3.72 / 355.43 / 3.81 / 408.03 / 3.76 / 377.18
40-44 / 4.54 / 632.11 / 4.31 / 648.93 / 4.34 / 646.63 / 3.98 / 387.40 / 4.03 / 390.01 / 4.00 / 388.46
45-49 / 4.33 / 605.16 / 4.23 / 652.35 / 4.25 / 646.03 / 4.03 / 435.42 / 3.80 / 448.92 / 3.94 / 440.72
50-54 / 3.85 / 590.14 / 3.94 / 663.40 / 3.93 / 653.61 / 4.09 / 484.07 / 4.04 / 471.87 / 4.07 / 478.92
55-59 / 3.65 / 590.42 / 3.95 / 665.52 / 3.92 / 656.61 / 4.01 / 495.27 / 4.13 / 494.52 / 4.07 / 494.93
60-64 / 3.64 / 553.98 / 4.00 / 684.95 / 3.96 / 672.52 / 3.78 / 502.10 / 3.99 / 532.47 / 3.88 / 517.45
65-69 / 3.68 / 490.09 / 3.98 / 660.27 / 3.96 / 648.29 / 3.64 / 545.13 / 4.49 / 525.69 / 4.10 / 533.68
70-74 / 4.09 / 431.73 / 3.97 / 639.52 / 3.98 / 626.53 / 3.87 / 507.58 / 4.21 / 562.99 / 4.07 / 541.63
75-79 / 4.18 / 380.83 / 4.00 / 619.47 / 4.01 / 605.63 / 4.20 / 547.27 / 4.44 / 507.35 / 4.35 / 520.92
80-84 / 3.99 / 380.34 / 4.00 / 596.08 / 4.00 / 584.03 / 4.71 / 533.91 / 3.73 / 612.17 / 4.02 / 584.89
85 and over / 3.84 / 350.90 / 3.95 / 548.59 / 3.94 / 536.51 / 3.02 / 578.62 / 3.46 / 540.09 / 3.38 / 546.94
TOTAL / 4.00 / 452.00 / 3.99 / 611.00 / 3.99 / 600.00 / 4.02 / 361.00 / 4.12 / 365.00 / 4.06 / 363.00
Average age / 73 / 77 / 77 / 34 / 33 / 34
Age Cohorts / FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES / TOTAL
Male / Female / TOTAL / Male / Female / TOTAL
% / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average
0-4 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.07 / 292.33 / 4.27 / 270.18 / 4.17 / 281.04
5-9 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.35 / 269.77 / 4.77 / 270.24 / 4.56 / 270.01
10-14 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.02 / 278.02 / 4.20 / 268.44 / 4.11 / 273.22
15-19 / 0.90 / 189.00 / 4.17 / 306.13 / 2.42 / 282.70 / 4.04 / 275.79 / 4.06 / 284.32 / 4.05 / 279.98
20-24 / 5.58 / 283.74 / 5.77 / 260.60 / 5.67 / 272.17 / 4.05 / 311.53 / 4.11 / 301.57 / 4.08 / 306.60
25-29 / 4.16 / 247.66 / 4.92 / 324.76 / 4.54 / 289.71 / 4.50 / 659.15 / 4.11 / 559.21 / 4.37 / 627.22
30-34 / 6.07 / 262.77 / 3.87 / 294.19 / 5.06 / 273.77 / 4.60 / 708.40 / 4.28 / 626.03 / 4.48 / 678.96
35-39 / 3.81 / 259.52 / 4.28 / 219.46 / 4.03 / 239.49 / 4.02 / 744.00 / 4.01 / 667.69 / 4.01 / 712.93
40-44 / 1.99 / 188.62 / 4.20 / 214.23 / 3.07 / 205.69 / 4.06 / 753.96 / 4.19 / 657.51 / 4.12 / 710.85
45-49 / 3.97 / 411.76 / 1.99 / 551.92 / 2.87 / 465.67 / 4.05 / 772.39 / 4.01 / 669.50 / 4.03 / 724.78
50-54 / 4.49 / 481.76 / 4.26 / 508.79 / 4.35 / 498.24 / 4.04 / 810.98 / 4.03 / 693.67 / 4.04 / 752.57
55-59 / 3.91 / 485.40 / 3.77 / 536.56 / 3.81 / 520.20 / 3.93 / 1,020.95 / 4.02 / 729.99 / 3.97 / 874.43
60-64 / 4,40 / 495,71 / 4,11 / 538,40 / 4,19 / 526,15 / 4,02 / 1,262.92 / 4.06 / 815.50 / 4.04 / 1,077.82
65-69 / 4.16 / 467.83 / 3.84 / 529.03 / 3.90 / 515.31 / 4.01 / 1.253.20 / 4.00 / 751.07 / 4.00 / 1,036.72
70-74 / 3.70 / 658.39 / 3.96 / 551.44 / 3.92 / 565.58 / 4.04 / 1.100.33 / 3.99 / 650.58 / 4.01 / 892.08
75-79 / 4.35 / 487.26 / 4.53 / 542.29 / 4.51 / 536.68 / 4.02 / 983.49 / 3.99 / 608.53 / 4.01 / 790.53
80-84 / 5.56 / 500.58 / 3.80 / 482.20 / 3.97 / 484.68 / 3.98 / 923.25 / 3.97 / 588.91 / 3.98 / 729.38
85 and over / 3.07 / 427.69 / 4.31 / 464.64 / 4.18 / 461.80 / 3.90 / 804.43 / 3.94 / 539.94 / 3.93 / 622.86
TOTAL / 4.13 / 450.00 / 4.04 / 503.00 / 4.06 / 490.00 / 4.01 / 1.036.95 / 3.99 / 637.92 / 4.00 / 832.77
Average age / 59 / 70 / 68 / 71 / 74 / 73
Source: Authors’ Own Calculations based on the CSWL 2012 and INSS (2013).
Table 1.8.- Percentages of pensions in the CSWL out of the total INSS population by age. 2013
Age Cohorts / PERMANENT DISABILITY / RETIREMENT
Male / Female / TOTAL / Male / Female / TOTAL
% / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average
15-19 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / Outlier / 42.48 / 0.00 / Outlier / 42.48
20-24 / 3.86 / 622.97 / 3.83 / 547.97 / 3.85 / 608.39 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
25-29 / 4.05 / 750.16 / 4.62 / 654.38 / 4.20 / 723.59 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
30-34 / 4.17 / 818.73 / 4.06 / 708.54 / 4.14 / 787.28 / Outlier / 409.46 / 0.00 / Outlier / 409.46
35-39 / 3.99 / 823.61 / 3.77 / 745.43 / 3.92 / 800.18 / Outlier / 290.88 / 0.00 / Outlier / 290.88
40-44 / 4.06 / 841.05 / 3.98 / 749.46 / 4.04 / 810.89 / 0.00 / Outlier / 443.88 / Outlier / 443.88
45-49 / 4.07 / 855.58 / 3.92 / 749.66 / 4.02 / 821.93 / 2.41 / 364.08 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 1.65 / 364.08
50-54 / 4.05 / 882.46 / 4.07 / 773.88 / 4.05 / 845.02 / 3.19 / 1,906.69 / 2.21 / 1,147.98 / 3.02 / 1,807.73
55-59 / 4.00 / 1,034.36 / 4.08 / 855.04 / 4.03 / 971.38 / 3.91 / 1,997.38 / 5.63 / 2,124.45 / 3.98 / 2,003.79
60-64 / 3.93 / 1,095.01 / 3.97 / 837.38 / 3.95 / 1,007.92 / 4.01 / 1,465.68 / 4.20 / 1,130.15 / 4.06 / 1,373.10
65-69 / 0.21 / 610.94 / 1.67 / 441.37 / 0.69 / 475.28 / 3.99 / 1,318.11 / 3.99 / 848.30 / 3.99 / 1,151.60
70-74 / 7.32 / 403.70 / 4.74 / 386.26 / 5.41 / 392.42 / 4.01 / 1,168.79 / 3.93 / 694.04 / 3.98 / 1,002.48
75-79 / 6.54 / 435.43 / 4.53 / 376.06 / 4.86 / 389.05 / 3.99 / 1,041.08 / 3.94 / 617.21 / 3.97 / 892.62
80-84 / 5.15 / 386.82 / 4.02 / 387.04 / 4.09 / 387.02 / 3.96 / 986.88 / 3.93 / 596.73 / 3.95 / 844.59
85 and over / 4.13 / 546.79 / 3.99 / 382.35 / 3.99 / 388.48 / 3.89 / 887.29 / 3.87 / 550.07 / 3.88 / 732.40
TOTAL / 4.00 / 967.00 / 4.00 / 783.31 / 4.00 / 903.25 / 3.98 / 1,151.00 / 3.95 / 704.00 / 3.97 / 989.00
Average age / 54 / 57 / 55 / 75 / 76 / 76
Age Cohorts / WIDOW(ER)´S / ORPHAN´S
Male / Female / TOTAL / Male / Female / TOTAL
% / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average
0-4 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 3.32 / 285.65 / 4.09 / 284.41 / 3.71 / 284.96
5-9 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.21 / 274.20 / 4.54 / 271.72 / 4.37 / 272.95
10-14 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.23 / 280.83 / 4.34 / 277.58 / 4.29 / 279.20
15-19 / 0.00 / Outlier / 631.30 / Outlier / 631.30 / 3.99 / 278.74 / 4.02 / 285.19 / 4.00 / 281.91
20-24 / 50.00 / 413.58 / 3.70 / 477.90 / 5.36 / 456.46 / 4.05 / 302.38 / 4.05 / 298.27 / 4.05 / 300.34
25-29 / 29.17 / 690.52 / 6.32 / 715.44 / 8.25 / 708.02 / 3.90 / 356.35 / 4.61 / 485.82 / 4.19 / 412.93
30-34 / 30.17 / 731.32 / 5.70 / 726.96 / 8.77 / 728.84 / 4.37 / 374.71 / 3.72 / 329.03 / 4.10 / 357.28
35-39 / 5.87 / 579.32 / 4.15 / 722.93 / 4.37 / 698.52 / 3.75 / 351.66 / 3.66 / 386.18 / 3.72 / 365.41
40-44 / 4.49 / 654.93 / 4.33 / 681.50 / 4.36 / 677.66 / 4.11 / 414.98 / 4.24 / 414.40 / 4.16 / 414.74
45-49 / 4.20 / 616.70 / 4.18 / 668.15 / 4.19 / 661.33 / 3.89 / 444.76 / 3.86 / 463.36 / 3.88 / 452.26
50-54 / 3.84 / 617.19 / 3.91 / 682.83 / 3.90 / 673.98 / 4.15 / 498.56 / 3.87 / 491.72 / 4.03 / 495.80
55-59 / 3.86 / 586.38 / 3.88 / 692.62 / 3.88 / 678.65 / 3.94 / 511.34 / 4.13 / 502.31 / 4.02 / 507.19
60-64 / 3.75 / 582.79 / 3.96 / 700.92 / 3.94 / 688.71 / 4.06 / 511.77 / 4.02 / 546.75 / 4.04 / 528.55
65-69 / 3.67 / 500.17 / 3.98 / 680.07 / 3.96 / 666.76 / 3.54 / 550.38 / 4.55 / 552.36 / 4.07 / 551.55
70-74 / 3.92 / 452.30 / 3.91 / 662.99 / 3.91 / 649.66 / 3.53 / 512.95 / 4.38 / 580.04 / 4.02 / 555.49
75-79 / 4.17 / 390.53 / 3.97 / 639.60 / 3.98 / 624.98 / 3.95 / 562.63 / 3.95 / 536.54 / 3.95 / 545.88
80-84 / 4.06 / 387.88 / 3.97 / 618.78 / 3.97 / 605.56 / 4.65 / 530.35 / 3.74 / 591.42 / 4.01 / 570.02
85 and over / 3.85 / 357.37 / 3.91 / 572.71 / 3.91 / 559.46 / 3.69 / 592.12 / 4.44 / 609.03 / 4.29 / 606.03
TOTAL / 4.00 / 463.00 / 3.95 / 632.00 / 3.96 / 620.00 / 4.02 / 366.00 / 4.10 / 372.00 / 4.06 / 369.00
Average age / 73 / 77 / 77 / 34 / 33 / 33
Age Cohorts / FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES / TOTAL
Male / Female / TOTAL / Male / Female / TOTAL
% / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average / % / P. Average
0-4 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 3.32 / 285.65 / 4.09 / 284.41 / 3.71 / 284.96
5-9 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 4.21 / 274.20 / 4.53 / 271.72 / 4.37 / 272.95
10-14 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 3.85 / 192.80 / 2.00 / 192.80 / 4.23 / 280.83 / 4.34 / 277.46 / 4.28 / 279.14
15-19 / 1.03 / 192.80 / 5.00 / 250.73 / 2.82 / 239.14 / 3.98 / 278.46 / 4.02 / 285.38 / 4.00 / 281.87
20-24 / 5.74 / 296.23 / 5.22 / 302.62 / 5.47 / 299.43 / 4.05 / 308.41 / 4.05 / 299.68 / 4.05 / 304.10
25-29 / 4.56 / 245.18 / 5.04 / 313.98 / 4.79 / 280.56 / 4.22 / 629.20 / 4.90 / 582.44 / 4.45 / 611.58
30-34 / 6.45 / 240.65 / 6.06 / 319.44 / 6.28 / 274.42 / 4.75 / 730.33 / 4.41 / 641.10 / 4.62 / 698.56
35-39 / 4.61 / 220.70 / 7.49 / 274.08 / 5.94 / 251.84 / 4.01 / 741.63 / 3.89 / 679.06 / 3.96 / 717.03
40-44 / 2.68 / 207.98 / 3.61 / 255.29 / 3.11 / 233.03 / 4.08 / 769.79 / 4.14 / 679.51 / 4.11 / 730.07
45-49 / 3.33 / 473.68 / 2.48 / 589.98 / 2.88 / 526.29 / 4.05 / 789.05 / 4.01 / 684.23 / 4.03 / 740.95
50-54 / 4.44 / 454.19 / 3.48 / 558.30 / 3.86 / 510.36 / 4.04 / 825.71 / 3.97 / 709.25 / 4.01 / 768.86
55-59 / 4.25 / 528.27 / 4.23 / 551.14 / 4.24 / 543.71 / 3.98 / 1,027.83 / 3.99 / 756.29 / 3.99 / 892.66
60-64 / 3.91 / 485.76 / 3.83 / 554.58 / 3.86 / 534.40 / 3.97 / 1,277.48 / 4.03 / 864.53 / 4.00 / 1,106.27
65-69 / 4.98 / 506.55 / 3.96 / 559.56 / 4.19 / 545.58 / 3.97 / 1,299.47 / 3.99 / 797.33 / 3.98 / 1,083.07
70-74 / 3.85 / 655.11 / 3.81 / 556.86 / 3.82 / 571.98 / 4.00 / 1,150.49 / 3.93 / 680.88 / 3.97 / 933.68
75-79 / 4.17 / 445.57 / 4.29 / 560.36 / 4.28 / 548.37 / 4.00 / 1,017.82 / 3.96 / 627.69 / 3.98 / 816.78
80-84 / 5.21 / 485.71 / 3.78 / 522.14 / 3.93 / 517.24 / 3.97 / 956.19 / 3.95 / 608.05 / 3.96 / 755.61
85 and over / 3.13 / 432.59 / 4.23 / 478.67 / 4.13 / 475.32 / 3.89 / 839.89 / 3.90 / 561.80 / 3.90 / 650.06
TOTAL / 4.19 / 457.00 / 3.99 / 524.00 / 4.04 / 507.00 / 3.98 / 1,069.44 / 3.96 / 664.16 / 3.97 / 862.51
Average age / 59 / 70 / 67 / 70 / 74 / 73
Source: Authors’ Own Calculations based on the CSWL 2012 and INSS (2013).
Table 1.9.- PERMANENT DISABILITY. Male. Results chi-squared test. 2005-2013
Data / 2005 / 2006 / 2007 / 2008 / 2009 / 2010 / 2011 / 2012 / 2013
Sample
size / 25,580 / 24,618 / 23,848 / 25,495 / 25,651 / 25,960 / 25,717 / 24,716 / 24,343
/ 22,916 / 17,422 / 15.424 / 23,830 / 21,923 / 29,200 / 27,142 / 114.1 / 62.7
Cohorts
(k) / 14 / 14 / 14 / 14 / 14 / 13 / 13 / 13 / 13
p-value / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.350 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000
/ 22.362 / 22.362 / 22.362 / 22.362 / 22.362 / 21.026 / 21.026 / 21.026 / 21.026
Reject / Yes / Yes / No / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes
V
Cramér / 0.263 / 0.233 / 0.007 / 0.268 / 0.256 / 0.306 / 0.297 / 0.020 / 0.015
TE / Large / Large / Negligible. / Large / Large / Large / Large / Negli. / Negli.
Source: Authors’ Own Calculations
Table 1.10.- PERMANENT DISABILITY. Female. Results chi-squared test. 2005-2013
Data / 2005 / 2006 / 2007 / 2008 / 2009 / 2010 / 2011 / 2012 / 2013
Sample
size / 12,325 / 12,350 / 12,277 / 13,285 / 13,517 / 13,694 / 13,658 / 13,157 / 12,939
/ 8,711 / 6,285 / 24.98 / 9,674 / 11,117 / 16,415 / 16,185 / 77.83 / 16.5
Cohorts
(k) / 14 / 14 / 14 / 14 / 14 / 14 / 14 / 14 / 14
p-value / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.035 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.283
/ 22.362 / 22.362 / 22.362 / 22.362 / 22.362 / 22.362 / 22.362 / 22.362 / 22.362
Reject / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes / No
V
Cramér / 0.233 / 0.198 / 0.013 / 0.237 / 0.252 / 0.304 / 0.302 / 0.021 / 0.010
TE / Large / Large / Negli. / Large / Large / Large / Large / Negli. / Negli.
Source: Authors’ Own Calculations
Table 1.11.- RETIREMENT. Male. Results chi-squared test. 2005-2013
Data / 2005 / 2006 / 2007 / 2008 / 2009 / 2010 / 2011 / 2012 / 2013
Sample
size / 123,479 / 125,066 / 126,802 / 127,612 / 129,534 / 132,151 / 133,859 / 138,044 / 139,837
/ 2,569 / 31.8 / 39.6 / 48.3 / 47.2 / 57.7 / 66.1 / 19.98 / 10.44
Cohorts
(k) / 9 / 8 / 8 / 8 / 8 / 8 / 8 / 8 / 8
p-value / 0.000 / 0.0001 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.010 / 0.235
/ 15.507 / 14.067 / 14.067 / 14.067 / 14.067 / 14.067 / 14.067 / 14.067 / 14.067
Reject / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes / No
V
Cramér / 0.051 / 0.006 / 0.007 / 0.007 / 0.007 / 0.008 / 0.008 / 0.005 / 0.003
TE / Small / Negli. / Negli. / Negli. / Negli. / Negli. / Negli. / Negli. / Negli.
Source: Authors’ Own Calculations
Table 1.12.- RETIREMENT. Female. Results chi-squared test. 2005-2013
Data / 2005 / 2006 / 2007 / 2008 / 2009 / 2010 / 2011 / 2012 / 2013
Sample
size / 64,186 / 67,195 / 68,719 / 69,676 / 71,335 / 73,116 / 74,753 / 77,787 / 79,351
/ 11,078 / 36.66 / 43.32 / 51.32 / 46.08 / 54.87 / 45.96 / 21.99 / 27.24
Cohorts
(k) / 7 / 7 / 7 / 7 / 7 / 7 / 8 / 8 / 8
p-value / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.005 / 0.001
/ 12.592 / 12.592 / 12.592 / 12.592 / 12.592 / 12.592 / 14.067 / 14.067 / 14.067
Reject / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes
V
Cramér / 0.170 / 0.010 / 0.010 / 0.011 / 0.010 / 0.011 / 0.009 / 0.006 / 0.007
TE / Medium / Negli. / Negli. / Negli. / Negli. / Negli. / Negli. / Negli. / Negli.
Source: Authors’ Own Calculations
Table 1.13.- WIDOW(er)´S. Male. Results chi-squared test. 2005-2013
Data / 2005 / 2006 / 2007 / 2008 / 2009 / 2010 / 2011 / 2012 / 2013
Sample
size / 5,780 / 5,774 / 5,885 / 6,032 / 6,189 / 6,303 / 6,391 / 6,608 / 6,757
/ 6,006 / 5,518 / 4,524 / 3,529 / 1,319 / 1,179 / 956 / 905 / 721
Cohorts
(k) / 13 / 13 / 13 / 13 / 12 / 12 / 12 / 12 / 12
p-value / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000
/ 21.03 / 21.03 / 21.03 / 21.03 / 19.69 / 19.69 / 19.68 / 19.68 / 19.68
Reject / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes
V
Cramér / 0.294 / 0.282 / 0.253 / 0.221 / 0.139 / 0.130 / 0.117 / 0.112 / 0.098
TE / Large / Large / Large / Large / Medium / Medium / Medium / Medium / Medium
Source: Authors’ Own Calculations
Table 1.14.- WIDOW(er)´S. Female. Results chi-squared test. 2005-2013
Data / 2005 / 2006 / 2007 / 2008 / 2009 / 2010 / 2011 / 2012 / 2013
Sample
size / 79,879 / 82,245 / 83,210 / 83,887 / 84,789 / 85,497 / 85,879 / 86,406 / 85,981
/ 691.6 / 241.9 / 181.2 / 185.8 / 127.4 / 84.1 / 65.0 / 43.94 / 44.5
Cohorts
(k) / 14 / 14 / 14 / 14 / 13 / 13 / 13 / 13 / 13
p-value / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000
/ 22.362 / 22.362 / 22.362 / 22.362 / 21.026 / 21.026 / 21.026 / 21.026 / 21.026
Reject / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes / Yes
V
Cramér / 0.026 / 0.015 / 0.013 / 0.013 / 0.011 / 0.009 / 0.008 / 0.007 / 0.007
TE / Negli. / Negli. / Negli. / Negli. / Negli. / Negli. / Negli. / Negli. / Negli.
Source: Authors’ Own Calculations
Table 1.15.- ORPHAN´S. Male. Results chi-squared test. 2005-2013
Data / 2005 / 2006 / 2007 / 2008 / 2009 / 2010 / 2011 / 2012 / 2013
Sample
size / 4,977 / 5,362 / 5,258 / 5,393 / 5,544 / 5,634 / 5,718 / 6,176 / 6,600
/ 77.2 / 32.7 / 21.3 / 19.6 / 14.2 / 16.6 / 11.3 / 8.7 / 13.9
Cohorts
(k) / 17 / 18 / 18 / 18 / 18 / 18 / 18 / 18 / 18
p-value / 0.000 / 0.018 / 0.263 / 0.355 / 0.714 / 0.480 / 0.882 / 0.966 / 0.734
/ 26.296 / 27.587 / 27.587 / 27.587 / 27.587 / 27.587 / 27.587 / 27.587 / 27.587
Reject / Yes / Yes / No / No / No / No / No / No / No
V
Cramér / 0.031 / 0.019 / 0.015 / 0.015 / 0.012 / 0.013 / 0.011 / 0.009 / 0.011
TE / Small / Negli. / Negli. / Negli. / Negli. / Negli. / Negli. / Negli. / Negli.
Source: Authors’ Own Calculations
Table 1.16.- ORPHAN´S. Female. Results chi-squared test. 2005-2013
Data / 2005 / 2006 / 2007 / 2008 / 2009 / 2010 / 2011 / 2012 / 2013
Sample
size / 4,762 / 5,191 / 5,104 / 5,196 / 5,265 / 5,302 / 5,360 / 5,820 / 6,209
/ 77.4 / 21.3 / 20.6 / 19.5 / 14.2 / 12.8 / 16.1 / 18.8 / 17.3
Cohorts
(k) / 18 / 18 / 18 / 18 / 18 / 18 / 18 / 18 / 18
p-value / 0.000 / 0.264 / 0.302 / 0.361 / 0.713 / 0.748 / 0.588 / 0.404 / 0.502
/ 27.587 / 27.587 / 27.587 / 27.587 / 27.587 / 27.587 / 27.587 / 27.587 / 27.587
Reject / Yes / No / No / No / No / No / No / No / No
V
Cramér / 0.031 / 0.016 / 0.015 / 0.015 / 0.013 / 0.012 / 0.013 / 0.014 / 0.013
TE / Small / Negli. / Negli. / Negli. / Negli. / Negli. / Negli. / Negli. / Negli.
Source: Authors’ Own Calculations
Table 1.17.- FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES. Male. Results chi-squared test. 2005-2013
Data / 2005 / 2006 / 2007 / 2008 / 2009 / 2010 / 2011 / 2012 / 2013
Sample
size / 279 / 305 / 299 / 303 / 313 / 328 / 328 / 365 / 391
/ 33.7 / 19.5 / 19.2 / 13.3 / 21.3 / 12.7 / 18.2 / 14.9 / 14.7
Cohorts
(k) / 15 / 14 / 14 / 14 / 14 / 14 / 15 / 15 / 15
p-value / 0.004 / 0.147 / 0.156 / 0.500 / 0.094 / 0.472 / 0.253 / 0.456 / 0.470
/ 23.685 / 22.362 / 22.362 / 22.362 / 22.362 / 22.362 / 23.685 / 23.685 / 23.685
Reject / Yes / No / No / No / No / No / No / No / No
V
Cramér / 0.093 / 0.070 / 0.070 / 0.058 / 0.072 / 0.055 / 0.063 / 0.054 / 0.052
TE / Medium / Small / Small / Small / Small / Small / Small / Small / Small
Source: Authors’ Own Calculations
Table 1.18.- FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES. Female. Results chi-squared test. 2005-2013
Data / 2005 / 2006 / 2007 / 2008 / 2009 / 2010 / 2011 / 2012 / 2013
Sample
size / 1,188 / 1,256 / 1,208 / 1,218 / 1,206 / 1,184 / 1,190 / 1,161 / 1,144
/ 32.8 / 17.3 / 19.2 / 25.7 / 10.7 / 8.8 / 6.1 / 15.4 / 17.9
Cohorts
(k) / 16 / 16 / 15 / 15 / 15 / 15 / 15 / 15 / 14
p-value / 0.008 / 0.368 / 0.205 / 0.042 / 0.772 / 0.843 / 0.978 / 0.424 / 0.212
/ 24.996 / 24.996 / 23.685 / 23.685 / 23.685 / 23.685 / 23.685 / 23.685 / 22.362
Reject / Yes / No / No / Yes / No / No / No / No / No
V
Cramér / 0.043 / 0.030 / 0.034 / 0.039 / 0.025 / 0.023 / 0.019 / 0.031 / 0.035
TE / Small / Small / Small / Small / Negli. / Negli. / Negli. / Small / Small
Source: Authors’ Own Calculations

2. Optimization problem statement for the selection of large representative subsamples from the CSWL

This is a nonlinear programming problem (NLP) with just one real non-negative decision variable - the constant of proportionality, q - with the intermediate variables having to be integers. Given the mathematical properties of the objective function and opportunity set (a continuous function because it is linear, and a compact set, i.e. closed and bounded), the existence of a solution to the problem is guaranteed as long as the set is not empty. To make sure of this we include an appropriate goodness of fit criterion (a minimum p-value that is lower than the value resulting from the best possible fit, i.e. that of a stratified random sample (SR) contained in the CSWL).

/ (a)
Subject to:
/ (b)
/ (c)
/ (d)
/ (e)
/ (f)
;;
/ (g)
/ (h)
; ;
/ (i)
/ (j)
;
With
/ Constant of proportionality
/ Size of the larger subsample obtained by SR contained in the CSWL. For 2010 the figure is 1%.
/ Size of the population. For 2010 this is 8,747,470.
/ Size of the CSWL. For 2010 this is 349,169.
/ Size of the subsample.
/ Number of pensioners in the subsample for cohort , gender and type of pension .
Trunc[] / Function that returns a number truncated to a specified number of digits. In this case it omits all decimal places.
/ Number of pensioners in the CSWL for cohort , gender and type of pension .
/ Number of pensioners in the population (INSS) for cohort , gender and type of pension .
/ Expected absolute frequency or number of expected pensions for cohort , gender and type of pension .
/ Right tail probability on the chi-squared distribution given a value for the test statistic and degrees of freedom , for the case of type of pension and gender .
/ Minimum p-value to be satisfied by the goodness of fit test prescribed by the researcher. For example, in Table 6 it takes the values 0.8000, 0.9000; 0.9500; 0.9700; 0.9800; 0.9900; 0.9990; 0.9995 and 0.9999.
/ Pearson statistic obtained as in equation [1] for the case of type of pension k and gender j.
/ Degrees of freedom, for the case of type of pension and gender thisisobtained by subtracting 1 from the number of expected regrouped cohorts (with 5 or more elements).
/ Expected absolute frequency of pensions, in each regrouped cohort with 5 or more elements, for cohort , gender and type of pension .
/ Number of pensioners in the subsample in each regrouped cohort with 5 or more elements, for cohort , gender and type of pension .

The requirements imposed on the procedure are satisfied as follows:

a)Expressions (g), (h), (i) and (j) guarantee the first requirement, which is to improve the fit or representativeness with respect to the population under study.

b)Total pension benefits reach a relatively large size given that the objective function involves maximizing the constant of proportionality, expression (a), together with the first part of constraint (b).

c)The subsample is contained in the population of pensioners and also in the CSWL and the values assigned are natural numbers given constraints (b) to (g).

The feasible solution to the optimization problem, which considered that the distribution of the subsample should satisfy the previous requirements, was implemented using a readily available tool: Excel Solver (GRG Nonlinear). This proves that any research team can easily carry out the procedure for selecting large, more representative subsamples from the CSWL. It was later decided to solve the optimization problems using Premium Solver by Frontline Systems©, and the same feasible solutions were obtained in considerably less time.

1