Name Class Date
5.4 Community Stability
Ecological Succession
For Questions 1–3, write True if the statement is true, If the statement is false, replace the
underlined word or words to make the statement true. Write your changes on the line.
1. Secondary succession begins with bare rock.
2. The first species to colonize newly exposed land are called
primary species.
3. Over the course of ecological succession, species diversity
increases over time.
4. Why are lichens successful pioneers?
5. Compare and contrast primary succession and secondary succession.
6. What is the difference between primary and secondary aquatic succession?
7. Summarize the sequence of events that occur when a pond undergoes secondary
succession.
Invasive Species
8. When does a species become invasive?
9. Do you think preventing the introduction of invasive species is preferable than trying to
control them? Why or why not?
Chapter 5 Study Guide
A landslide causes part of a mountainside to fall away, leaving bare rock. In the years immediately following the landslide, the area will experience______
If these are present in a new environment, a species is unlikely to become invasive. ______
In Madagascar, several species of lemur eat bamboo, but each species specializes in one part of the bamboo—one species eats mature bamboo stalks, one species eats bamboo shoots, and one species eats leaves. This is an example of ______
In the example above, one lemur species eats only bamboo shoots. Bamboo shoots contain a high level of cyanide, a toxic chemical. This lemur species has developed a tolerance for a certain amount of cyanide. What do you think will happen over time? ______
When energy is transferred between trophic levels, the amount of available energy lost is about
Which best describes evolutionary success? ______
When the environment changes too quickly for an organism to adapt, what will occur? ______
The ultimate source of energy in an ecosystem in which deer eat grass and coyotes eat deer is
In a food web that consists of grass, mice, deer, coyotes, and hawks, which species is likely to have the greatest biomass? ______
The first level of all food pyramids ______
An organism that depends on another without killing it is a ______.
A nation where most of the people eat a primarily vegetarian diet will be able to support a ______population than it would if the people ate a lot of meat.
Two populations of a deer species are separated when a glacier forms. After the glacier melts, the two populations have become different species. This is an example of allopatric ______.
Communities that are powered by the sun depend on ______for their energy.
You have many species of bacteria living in your gut that help you with digestion. This relationship is best defined as ______.
An ______species is a species that has been introduced to a new area and lacks limiting factors.
On islands off the coast of Siberia, paleontologists have found the remains of pygmy mammoths. These populations were likely separated from mainland mammoth populations and became a new type of mammoth through allopatric ______.
In a woodland, a rabbit eats grass, and a coyote eats the rabbit. The coyote is a______.
A ______occurs when one species has an indirect effect on species at a different level of the energy pyramid.
Animals gathering around a water hole in a drought-prone area and establishing hierarchies of access to the water is an example of ______.
______is an accidental change in DNA.
You visit the state fair and see a display of 17 breeds of chicken. These chickens are the result of ______.
A species of butterfly that lives in rocky, high-altitude areas and pollinates a specific flower, which in turn is eaten by a certain bird, goes extinct. There is now a vacant ______in the ecological community.
Chemosynthesis and photosynthesis use different energy sources, but each uses water and ______to produce sugars.
______is a close, long-term association between two organisms.
A species introduced to a new environment without limiting factors could become ______.
The twenty varieties of heirloom tomatoes available at your local farmers’ market are the result of ______.
______is an interaction in which an animal eats a plant.
The ability to perform photosynthesis or chemosynthesis defines a ______.
An organism’s ______describes its use of resources and functional role in a community.