There Is Only One Correct Answer for Each of These Multi-Choice Questions

Chapter 2: Europe Answers

Section A: Europe: countries and borders

1. (1 mark each)

There is only one correct answer for each of these multi-choice questions

What percentage of the world’s land does Europe occupy? d. 6.8%

Which of these major rivers do not flow in part of Europe? a. Volta

What percentage of the world’s population live in Europe? c. 11%

Europe’s population in 2012 was: b.740 million

When were NATO and the Warsaw Pact formed? b. 1949

What major event happened in Europe in 1989? d. The Berlin Wall was knocked down

People who move in search of work are: d. voluntary or economic migrants

There are two correct answers for each of these multi-choice questions (4 marks)

Which of these seas and oceans are found on the boundaries of Europe?

a. Mediterranean Sea d. Arctic Ocean

Which two climates cover most of Europe?

a. temperate maritime d. cool continental

As you travel from the west across Europe to the east it gets:

c. colder d. drier

In which two countries is the population already starting to decrease?

c. Lithuania d. Germany

Study the map below, then complete the table (9 x 1 mark per answer)

Seas, oceans and lakes / E Spain
A Black Sea / F Norway
B Arctic Ocean / Highland/mountain ranges
C North Sea / H Pyrenees
Countries / I Caucasus
D Turkey / J Apennines

(Total = 20 marks)

Section B: The European Union

Name the six countries who signed the Treaty of Rome in 1957, creating the EEC. (1 mark for 4 correct, 2 marks for all 6)

(a) Name the six countries who signed the Treaty of Rome in 1957, creating the EEC

France, Germany (Federal Republic), Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Italy

(b) What were two of the original main aims of the EEC? (2 x 1 mark)

Free trade (the Common Market) and support for agriculture

The UK, Ireland and Denmark

The Schengen agreement was signed in 1985. Describe two important benefits this brought to EU countries. (2 x 1 mark)

Any two from: removed police/customs border checks between EU countries; strengthened external border controls; increased co-operation between national police forces.

Describe and explain two important events which took place in Eastern Europe between 1980 and 1991 which had a major impact on how the EU changed in the following years. (2 x 2 marks. For each of the events, 1 mark for naming it and 1 for explaining how it had an impact on future change):

• 1980 Solidarity movement in Poland – Poland became a democracy

• 1989 Fall of the Berlin Wall – led to reunification of Germany in 1990

• 1991 Break-up of the Soviet Union – paved the way for many former communist countries of eastern Europe to join the EU

The EEC became the EU in 1993.

(a) Name the Treaty which created the EU (1 mark)

Maastricht Treaty

(b) What three criteria did new EU members have to meet? (3 x 1 mark)

• Be a democracy and guarantee rule of law

• Have a working market economy

• Be able to implement EU laws

(a) One of the main aims of the new European Union was to have a ‘Europe without frontiers’. Describe what this means and why it is important. (4 marks (look for 2 + 2 marks in most answers)

No frontiers = freedom of movement across member countries / no border controls. This has been achieved. Could widen this to include no frontiers for EU citizens in terms of business, jobs and travel.

Important as it allows more efficiency in business/trade; also flexible job market; allows it to compete better against newer, growing economies (e.g. BRICS).

(b) Do you think the EU has achieved this aim? Explain your answer. (4 marks)

Student’s own opinion, but needs to be supported by accurate facts/evidence

Answer true or false (4 x 1 mark)

• 7% of the world’s population live in the EU T

• There are now 25 member countries in the EU F

• Turkey and Norway have both applied for EU membership F

• 17 EU members use the Euro, introduced in 2002 T

Match the European Union Institutions with the information on the right (Both answers correct for the mark, 3 x 1).

European Parliament The EU’s main decision making institution

Proposes new EU laws

European Commission Has 785 members

The Presidency changes every 6 months

Council of the European Union Members sit in political, not national groups

President chosen by European Council

(a) Study the pie chart. It shows EU energy use in 2009. (Total 3 marks)

(i) Which is the largest energy source? (1 mark)

Oil

(ii) What percentage of use is from fossil fuels? (1 mark)

77%

(iii) How much of the energy used produces greenhouse gases? (1 mark)

77%

(b) The EU energy and environment directorates have set targets for EU countries to meet by 2020. These include reducing greenhouse gas emissions and increasing the use of renewable energy.
Give two reasons why they need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. (2 x 1 mark)

• They trap radiation in the atmosphere, preventing it from returning back into space

• This is making the Earth warmer, contributing to climate change

• Fossil fuels produce greenhouse gases

• They are non-renewable sources

• Replacing them with renewables will ensure future supplies (fossil fuels are finite)

• Renewables are ‘clean’ = do not emit greenhouse gases and will not run out

Since 2002 the EU has almost doubled the number of member countries. Write two paragraphs explaining what you think are the advantages and disadvantages of this recent growth. (2 x 4 marks)

Student choice/opinion, but may include:

Advantages (benefits):

• Stronger trading bloc on the world market

• Freedom of movement across more countries/borders (business, work, travel, tourism)

• Common currency

Disadvantages (problems):

• Many newer members less economically secure (especially from eastern Europe)

• Migration across EU may cause problems in some countries

• Common currency not used by all – problems for some in current world economic recession

10.

How do you think you and your family and friends benefit – or not – from living in a country which is part of the European Union? (4 marks)

Open answer / student opinion: must be supported by relevant examples for full mark. May expand on points made in answers to q.9s.

(Total = 50 marks)

Section C: EU case studies

Energy in the Netherlands

49% of the energy used by the Netherlands comes from gas (38%) and oil (11%).

(a) Why does nearly half of the country’s energy come from these 2 sources? (1 mark)

The Netherlands has its own supplies/reserves of both (under the North Sea and mainland)

(b) Describe either the gas or oil industry in the Netherlands. Include information about the future of your chosen energy source. (5 marks – maximum 3 if future not described. Reward good use of data).

Student choice: include location, no of wells/production, jobs, reserves.

Describe two advantages and two disadvantages of building wind farms in the Netherlands.
(4 x ½ mark. Any 2 of each from:)

Advantages: eg:

• Renewable energy

• No greenhouse gas emissions (EU targets)

• Sustainable

• Many sites have suitable conditions

Disadvantages:

• Visual pollution

• If offshore may disrupt shipping

• Unpredictable – need certain range of wind speeds

• Can be noisy

Give two reasons why the Netherlands is increasing the proportion of biofuel in its petrol and diesel. (1 x 2 marks)

• to meet EU targets

• to reduce greenhouse gas emissions

(Total = 10 marks)

Tourism in the EU’s Mediterranean countries

(a) Select an appropriate type of graph to show the data below - the world’s top ten tourist destinations in 2007. (3 marks = 2 for accurately drawn line graph, 1 for correct labelling of axis)

Country Tourists
(millions)

France 82

Spain 60

USA 56

China 55

Italy 44

UK 31

Germany 24

Ukraine 23

Turkey 22

Mexico 21

(b) Name the Mediterranean EU countries in the list above and their positions in the top ten.
(2 marks: 1 mark for 2 or 3 correct, 2 for all 4.)

France (1st); Spain (2nd); Italy (5th); Turkey (9th).

Give two reasons why the Mediterranean coastal areas of EU countries are so attractive for tourists. (2 x 1 mark. May include:)

• Hot, dry, sunny weather

• Many beaches and places for swimming/water sports

• Attractive scenery

Italy attracts tourists for many different types of holiday. Choose one type and explain why. You should include information about named locations in your answer. (3 marks – maximum 1 mark if no named locations.)

Student choice

(Total = 10 marks)

Poland’s changing borders and migration

Poland’s borders have changed many times in the past 500 years. Give two reasons for this, referring to dates and named events in your answers. (2 x 1 mark.)

Most changes have occurred as the result of wars/invasions e.g.

• at the end of WWI it was just half the size it was in 1634.

• after WWII it became even smaller, gaining some land from the former West Germany but losing far more to the then Soviet Union

Credit other appropriate answers

(a) What major change took place in Poland in the 1980s? (1 mark)

The Solidarity movement – workers challenging and ousting the ruling Communist Party

(b) Describe two positive effects of this change. (2 x 1 marks)

Any two – may include e.g.

• led to full and free parliamentary elections and a democratic Poland

• allowed it to apply to and join the EU

• became a member of the Warsaw Pact

• economy strengthened

An estimated half a million people migrated from Poland to the UK for work between 2004-2006.

(a) Explain two reasons for this movement (2 x 1 mark.)

• More jobs available

• Better pay

• Freedom of movement across EU countries, especially UK and Ireland at that time

(b) What sort of work do many find themselves doing? Explain why. (1 mark for type, 1 mark for the reason)

e.g.

• Types: often manual work e.g. picking fruit and vegetables on farms; working in service industries

• Reasons: these are the jobs which are available; although not well paid in UK terms, often better than wages at home.

Often join friends or family who moved earlier; mutual support/common language and culture.

(Total 10 marks)

Total Section C = 30 marks

Section A = 20 marks

Section B = 50 marks

Section C = 30 marks

Total = 100 marks