Instructions for authors
This journal uses ScholarOne Manuscripts (previously Manuscript Central) to peer review manuscript submissions. Please read the guide for ScholarOne authors before making a submission. Complete guidelines for preparing and submitting your manuscript to this journal are provided below.
The International Journal of Remote Sensing is an international peer-reviewed journal, published since 1980 by Taylor & Francis in collaboration with the Remote Sensing & Photogrammetric Society, in online and print editions.
The International Journal of Remote Sensing is concerned with the science and technology of remote sensing and the applications of remotely sensed data in all major disciplines. The IJRS has a wide range of interest, but the principal topics are: data collection, analysis, interpretation and display; surveying from space, air and water platforms; sensors; image processing; use of remotely sensed data; economic surveys; and cost-benefit analyses. The journal contains primary research papers on basic science, techniques and applications, review articles; and short technical notes. Rapid communications are now published in Remote Sensing Letters . Many papers feature illustrations in colour.
1. Introduction
The impact of all scientific papers, and the effectiveness of the search-and-retrieval capabilities offered by their electronic publication, will depend on the care taken by authorswhen preparing their manuscripts. It is essential that authors prepare manuscripts according to the IJRS' s established format and style specifications. These are detailed below, and in Section 5 and its associated documentation. Failure to follow these specifications will result in your paper being delayed during, or even rejected from, the peer review process.
Therefore, prospective contributors are required to read through these specifications carefully before preparing a manuscript for submission, and to check the manuscript for compliance with these specifications before submitting it for consideration for peer review.
2. Submitting a Paper to International Journal of Remote Sensing
Papers for consideration for peer review must be submitted via the joint International Journal of Remote Sensing / Remote Sensing Letters ScholarOne Manuscriptssite . New authors will be requested to create an account on the site before submitting their manuscripts. Once a user is logged onto the site, submissions should be made via the Author Centre. A helpdesk and an online user guide are accessible from this site.
No other form of submission will be accepted.
3. General Guidelines
The International Journal of Remote Sensing considers all manuscripts on the strict condition that they have been submitted only to the International Journal of Remote Sensing , that they have not been published already, nor are they under consideration for publication or in press elsewhere. Authors who fail to adhere to this condition will be charged with all costs which International Journal of Remote Sensing incurs and their papers will not be published.
Free Useof Colour
IJRS now has the capacity to publish free colour for its authors - providing that an illustration warrants colour, and is used in situations where it is necessary on scientific, and not merely cosmetic, grounds. The final decision will be at the Editor-in-Chief's discretion.
Writing your paper
§ For all manuscripts, non-discriminatory language is mandatory. Sexist or racist terms should not be used.
§ Lengths of the different types of papers.
§ Research papers are typically between 5000 and 8000 words, debating and exploring theoretical and methodological issues, methodological approaches, and substantive topics. However, there is not necessarily any lower or upper limit on length.
§ Technical Notes are designed as a medium for the publication of short communications that do not require the fast-track publication route offered for letters. Technical notes are typically between the equivalent of 1000 and 2000 words.
§ Papers are normally published in English, but manuscripts in French and German are acceptable for consideration at the discretion of the Editor-in-Chief.
§ Manuscripts should be single-spaced throughout, including the reference section, with wide (3 cm) margins.
§ Manuscripts should be compiled in the following order: title page; abstract;main text; acknowledgments;references; table(s) with caption(s) (can be uploaded separately); figures with caption(s) (can also be uploaded separately). Appendices are strongly discouraged.
§ Section headings should be concise and numbered sequentially, using a decimal system for subsections.
§ Authors must adhere to SI units . Units are not italicized.
§ When presenting mathematics, scalar variables should be in italics, vectors in bold italic, matrices and tensors in bold roman, abbreviations in roman. Please ensure that all symbols are defined in the text. All equations should be numbered in consecutive arabic numbers (in parentheses) that are right-aligned on the page, with the equation centred on the page. Equations may be referred to in the text as ‘Equation (1)’, ‘Equations (2)–(4)’. Subscripts and superscripts that are labels should not be in italics, unless they are variables in their own right. Avoid the use of dots, asterisks or × as multiplication signs. The use of ‘d’ for differential should be made clear and coded in roman, not italic.
§ Acronyms must be defined at their first mention in the text, e.g. ‘The work of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)’, and thereafter mentioned as NOAA.
§ When using a word which is or is asserted to be a proprietary term or trade mark authors must use the symbols ® or TM, or alternatively a footnote can be inserted using the wording below:
This article includes a word that is or is asserted to be a proprietary term or trade mark. Its inclusion does not imply it has acquired for legal purposes a non-proprietary or general significance, nor is any other judgement implied concerning its legal status.
§ Where correct terminology for geographical names is concerned, we refer you to the United Nations website, at http://unstats.un.org/unsd/geoinfo/about_us.htm
§ Special Issues - Advice to Guest Editors
4. Copyright
It is a condition of publication that authors assign copyright or license the publication rights in their articles, including abstracts, to Taylor & Francis. This enables us to ensure full copyright protection and to disseminate the article, and of course the Journal, to the widest possible readership in print and electronic formats as appropriate. Authors retain many rights under the Taylor & Francis rights policies, which can be found at http://journalauthors.tandf.co.uk/preparation/copyright.asp . Authors are themselves responsible for obtaining permission to reproduce copyright material from other sources.
Exceptions are made for authors of Crown or US Government employees whose policies require that copyright cannot be transferred to other parties. We ask that a signed statement to this effect is submitted when returning proofs for accepted papers.
For details on copyright permission click here. Copies of the permission letters should be sent with the manuscript to the Editors.
5. Notes on Style and File Formats
A summary of the Journal's style may be found here .A Word template and summary of the reference style are also available. Authors are requested to provide a Word or LaTeX file of the final version of their accepted paper.
To download a LaTeX style guide and Class file for this Journal, click here . When submitting your paper to the Manuscript Central site, LaTeX files should first be converted into a PDF. Manuscript Central is not able to convert LaTeX files into PDFs directly.
6.Free article access
As corresponding author, you will receive free access to your article on Taylor & Francis Online. You will be given access to the My authored works section of Taylor & Francis Online, which shows you all your published articles. You can easily view, read, and download your published articles from there. In addition, if someone has cited your article, you will be able to see this information. We are committed to promoting and increasing the visibility of your article and have provided this guidance on how you can help .
7. Reprints and journal copies
Article reprints can be ordered through Rightslink® when you receive your proofs. If you have any queries about reprints, please contact the Taylor & Francis Author Services team at . To order a copy of the issue containing your article, please contact our Customer Services team at .
8. Page Charges
There are no page charges to individuals or institutions.
9.Taylor & Francis Open Select
Open access
Taylor & Francis Open Select provides authors or their research sponsors and funders with the option of paying a publishing fee and thereby making an article permanently available for free online access – open access – immediately on publication to anyone, anywhere, at any time. This option is made available once an article has been accepted in peer review.
Full details of our Open Access programme: http://journalauthors.tandf.co.uk/preparation/OpenAccess.asp
Пример
Abstract
Research has been conducted to compare daily, monthly and seasonal rain rates derived from Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) multisatellite precipitation analysis (TMPA) using rain gauge analysis from 1998 to 2002. Three rain gauges in the Bali islands were employed. Statistical analysis was used to analyse the relationship of the TMPA product with the rain gauge data. Resulting statistical measures consisted of the linear correlation coefficient (r), the mean bias error (MBE), the root mean square error (RMSE) and the mean absolute error (MAE). The results of these analyses indicate that satellite data have lower values than the gauge estimation values. The validation analysis showed a very good relationship with the gauge data on monthly timescales. However, a poor relationship was found between the gauge data and the daily data analysis from the TMPA. The 3B42 and 3B43 products showed the same levels of relationship during the wet season and dry season. The correlation in the dry season was better than during the wet season. Statistical error levels during the wet season were better than in the dry season. The 3B43 showed slight improvement in these values when compared with the 3B42 (both the random error measurement and the scatter of the estimates were reduced). In general, the data from TMPA are potentially usable to replace rain gauge data, especially to replace the monthly data, if inconsistencies and errors are taken into account.
Introduction 1.
Precipitation is probably the most important component in the mixture of hydrologic cycle parameters and is mostly accountable for shaping the climatic state of water on the earth, its variability and climatic trends (Anagnostou 2007). Accurate temporal knowledge of global precipitation is essential for understanding the multi-scale interactions among weather, climate and ecological systems, as well as for improving our ability to manage freshwater resources and predict high-impact weather events including hurricanes, floods, droughts and landslides (Hou et al. 2008). However, measuring precipitation is one of the most difficult observational challenges of meteorology because precipitation occurs intermittently and with pronounced geographic and temporal variability (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) 2006).
Previous estimates of tropical precipitation have been made on the basis of climate prediction models with the occasional inclusion of very sparse surface rain gauges and/or relatively few measurements from satellite sensors (Feidas 2010). Rain gauge observations yield relatively accurate point measurements of precipitation but suffer from sampling errors in representing areal means, and are not available over most oceanic and unpopulated land areas (Petty and Krajewski 1996, Xie and Arkin 1996). Remote sensing techniques, such as those using radar or satellites, are complementary methods for monitoring rainfall over large areas (Chokngamwong and Chiu 2004). A combination of gauge data, radar and satellite measurements is ultimately needed to improve space–time rainfall estimation (Chiu et al. 2006a).
Infrared and passive microwave satellite observations, such as the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) multisatellite precipitation analysis (TMPA) products, could be used to drive estimates of large-scale precipitation over much of the globe (Xie and Arkin 1996). The TMPA rain products are based on using the TRMM precipitation radar (PR) and the TRMM microwave imager (TMI) combined with rain rates to calibrate rain estimates from other microwave and infrared (IR) measurements (Huffman et al. 2007). The TMPA products are well suited for this study because the available rain gauge measurements are also used in the calibration process (Mehta and Yang 2008).
Extensive details about the TRMM ground validation program, site descriptions, algorithms and data processing are provided by Wolff et al. (2005). For years, other groups have studied different locations to validate TRMM data. For example, Feidas (2010) used TRMM over Greece, Mehta and Yang (2008) used TRMM to provide an improved description of the climatological features over the Mediterranean basin, Su et al. (2008) used TMPA to make hydrologic predictions in the La Plata basin, Islam and Uyeda (2007) determined the climatic characteristics of rainfall over Bangladesh, Ikai and Nakamura (2003) calculated rain rates over the ocean, Nicholson et al. (2003) validated TRMM rainfall for West Africa, Barros et al. (2000) studied a monsoon case in Nepal, Chiu et al. (2006a) compared TRMM with the rain rate over New Mexico, and Chokngamwong and Chiu (2004, 2006) compared the TRMM with rain gauge data in Thailand.
Generally, the rainfall patterns of the Bali area are influenced by monsoons, with the maximum amount of precipitation occurring during the peak of the wet season from December to February and decreasing to a minimum during the valley of the dry season from June to August (As-syakur 2007, Aldrian and Djamil 2008). In addition to being influenced by monsoons, the rainfall of the region is also related to large-scale climatic phenomena such as the El Niño southern oscillation (ENSO) (Aldrian and Susanto 2003). Moreover, complex topography also causes rainfall fluctuations (Aldrian and Djamil 2008). In the region of our study, the wet season begins in November and lasts until April, and the dry season begins in May and lasts until October (Hendon 2003, Aldrian and Djamil 2008). The peak of the wet season in January coincides with the north-west monsoon across the Australian-Indonesian region, known locally as the ‘west monsoon’. Conversely, the dry season coincides with the south-east monsoon, known locally as the ‘east monsoon’ (Hendon 2003). The west monsoon and east monsoon rain rates have distinctive features in Bali as well as in the other parts of Indonesia that experience monsoons.
In this work, attempts have been made to compare the rainfall determined by TMPA products, which are a combination of TRMM PR and TMI, with the values taken from ground-based rain gauges in Bali. The main objective of this article was to advance our quantitative understanding of the capability of these products to contribute to analyses of climatic-scale rainfall.