Study Guide Chapters 1, 3, 13 and 16
Chapter 1 – Lesson 1 Assessing and Managing Risk
What does HTS stand for?
What are the three parts of the HTS?
Who regulates the highway transportation system?
What does the Highway Safety Act control?
Although each state has its own laws governing the use of motor vehicles, the federal government has also set national highway and driving standards. Tell by marking S or F next to the provision whether it is a State or Federal law.
____ Establishes 65 MPH as the maximum speed that may be driven anywhere.
____Sets national standards for all motor vehicle equipment.
____Regulates vehicles inspection.
____Enforces traffic laws.
____Tells what highway maintenance the state must provide.
____Regulates vehicle registration.
____Instructs automobile manufactures about what safety devices they must provide.
____Assigns points to driver’s record for traffic violations.
____Regulates driver licensing.
____Requires the vehicle manufacturer to recall a vehicle and correct any defects discovered after a vehicle is sold.
What are some ways that you can reduce driving risk when using the HTS?
The way highways in the HTS are numbered can tell you something about the road on which you’re traveling.
If the number on a highway is odd, it means that the road goes ______.
An even-numbered sign means the road goes ______.
Interstate numbers range from 4 to 99. The greater the even number, the farther ______
you are.
The greater the odd number, the farther ______you are.
Margin of space = the space between your vehicle and other vehicles which allows you room to maneuver. ALWAYS LEAVE YOURSELF AN OUT!
Chapter 1 – Lesson 2 Understanding and Applying the SIPDE process
The SIPDE process is an organized system to help you make sound decisions and reduce driving risk.
Name the elements of the SIPDE process and write a brief description.
S
I
P
D
E
True or False? Correct each false statement in the space below.
T F You should look ahead 20 to 30 seconds in the roadway for information that can help you
select your path of travel
T F Using the SIPDE process makes you a less safe driver because you are concentrating on
the process not on driving.
T F Using the SIPDE process trains you to identify possible problems in the roadway at least 6
to 8 seconds ahead.
T F The final step in the SIPDE process usually involves making a routine maneuver.
T F The most important part of the SIPDE process is to practice applying it in your driving.
Chapter 1 – Lesson 3 Understanding and Using the Smith System
What is the importance of the Smith System?
What are the five Smith System habits? What will you be specifically looking for and doing in each?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Chapter 1 – Lesson 4 The Value of Taking a Driver Education Course
How can a driver education course be of value to you?
What factors might interfere with your ability to drive safely?
Chapter 1 Review:
____ Driving with your headlights on during the daylight hours
- increases your chances of being seen
- increases engine efficiency
- allows you to pass in a no-passing zone
____ Risk in driving
- does not pertain to good drivers
- depends on the confidence of the driver
- is always present
____ The Smith System
- is a three-step process
- is regulated by the National Motor Vehicle Safety Act
- are principles that help you drive safely
____ The HTS is regulated by
- the National Highway Safety Act
- the FBI
- federal, state, and local governments
____ Visibility refers to your ability to
- see and be seen
- judge the speed of your vehicle
- drive without wearing eyeglasses
When you drive, reduced ______means increased risk.
______is a system designed to help you gather information in an organized way.
“Make sure others see you” is a basic principle of the ______.
Chapter 3-Lesson 1 Emotions Affect Your Driving Ability
How do emotions affect your driving?
How can you control your emotions when you drive?
Chapter 3 Lesson 2 How Vision Affects Your Ability to Drive
Match the following terms.
____ Visual acuity a. gives three-dimensional perspective to objects
____ Field of visionb. estimating distance between yourself and an object
____ Area of central visionc. ability to see clearly
____ Peripheral visiond. what you see looking straight ahead and at an angle
to the left and right
____ Depth perceptione. vision clearest in a narrow cone-shaped area directly
in front of you
____ Distance judgementf. enables you to notice objects and movement to the
side
T F About 90 percent of all decisions that you make while driving are based on information
gathered with your eyes.
T F A color-blind person cannot legally drive.
T F When driving at night, you should increase your following distance to 1 second.
T F You should switch on your high beams in city traffic.
T F The light from an oncoming vehicles headlights cause your eyes pupils to become larger.
Why is good vision important driving ability?
What can you do to compensate for poor depth perception? For night blindness?
Chapter 3 – Lesson 3 Temporary Physical Conditions That Affect Driving Ability
T F “Down time,” or the time when people are less alert than usual, occurs for most people
between the hours of 1 p.m.
T F The best way to fight fatigue is to stop what you are doing and get some coffee.
T F Having a steady flow of fresh air in your vehicle can help you fight fatigue.
T F If you have to pull off the road at night, your windows should be lowered at least halfway
To avoid carbon monoxide poisoning.
T F You can drive after taking any medication prescribed by a doctor.
T F Temporary injuries can make it risky for you to drive.
How can fatigue affect your driving?
How can you fight fatigue?
What effect can temporary illness or injury have on your driving?
Chapter 3 – Lesson 4 Long-Term Physical Factors That Affect Driving Ability
Many Physical challenged, or disabled, people now drive motor vehicles with the aid of certain improvements that have been made in technology and science. Some physical challenges are listed below. In the space next to each physical challenge, describe what can be used to make it possible for the person to drive.
People without full use of their legs ______
People without arms ______
People who use wheelchairs ______
People who can’t turn their heads or shoulders ______
How can impaired hearing affect your ability to drive?
How can drivers who have a physical disability compensate for that disability?
What effect do aging and chronic illnesses have on driving ability?
T F A person with a spinal cord injury cannot get a license to drive.
T F Another term for an artificial limb is a prosthetic to drive.
T F People between the ages of 50 and 75 have the highest pedestrian death rates.
T F Anybody with a physical challenge can now get a driver’s license.
T F An older person generally has a slightly faster reaction time than a younger person.
Chapter 13 – Lesson 1 Sharing the Roadway with Pedestrians and Animals
Label each pedestrian error listed below with the letter in the picture that illustrates it.
____ Playing in the street____ Ignoring traffic
____ Taking a shortcut from sidewalk____ Walking in traffic when intoxicated
____ Crossing between intersections____ Walking diagonally across an intersection
____ Stepping out from between____ Crossing against a signal
parked vehicles
What are some pedestrian behaviors that lead to collisions with vehicles?
What precautions can drivers take to avoid collisions with children?
What are some of the basic safety rules pedestrians should follow?
If you can’t avoid hitting a large animal, what steps should you take to minimize the damage to your vehicles?
Chapter 13 – Lesson 2 Sharing the Roadway with Motorcycles and Bicycles
T F On the roadway, motorcycles are less visible than cars.
T F When driving behind a cyclist, reduce your following distance.
T F The risk of a serious or fatal to a driver of a motorcycle involved in a collision is low.
T F Since a motorcycle is smaller than a car, it is safe to pass one in a tight space.
T F Two-wheeled vehicles are most difficult to spot when they approach from behind on a
highway.
Describe problems that cyclists can cause for a driver: explain how you would manage risk in each circumstance.
What should motorcyclists do to avoid risks on the roadway?
Chapter 13 - Lesson 3 Sharing the Roadway with Other Vehicles
T F Trucks on the road today can be up to 60 feet long.
T F Truck drivers have excellent visibility ahead.
T F A truck tends to lose speed when going downhill.
T F You should decrease your following distance when driving behind a truck.
T F You should pass a truck on the right side of the roadway.
T F You should use the 2-second rule when following a bus.
T F When driving a small, low-powered vehicle, you should allow extra space and time to
pass another vehicle.
T F If you see an emergency vehicle with its lights flashing, you should pull to the left
and let it pass.
When you are sharing the roadway with a slow-moving vehicle, what are three precautions you should take?
Chapter 13 – Lesson 4 Safe Procedures at Railroad Crossings
T F When you come to a railroad crossing, you should always slow down.
T F You should stop no closer than 5 feet from a railroad crossing.
T F If the lights at a railroad crossing are flashing, you can cross the tracks only if you
do not see a train and after looking carefully.
T F A railroad crossing with no lights flashing does not necessarily mean that it is safe to
cross without looking first.
T F You should stop on railroad tracks only if the vehicle ahead of you has stopped.
T F As soon as a train has passed, you should look and listen to see if there is another train
Before moving.
What must you do to negotiate a railroad crossing safely?
What would you do if your vehicle stalled on railroad tracks?
Chapter 13 Review
____ When driving behind a tractor-trailer,
- allow at least a 4-second following distance.
- attempt to pass.
- tap your horn lightly.
____ Collisions with pedestrians occur most often
- at intersections.
- on highways.
- on weekends.
____ Drivers who travel the same route every day
- have fewer collisions than other drivers.
- pay less attention to their surroundings.
- fall asleep at the wheel more often.
____ Drivers use ground viewing to
- search the road for animals.
- search beneath parked vehicles for signs of movement.
- avoid large puddles.
____ Because truck drivers sit high above the surface of the roadway, they
- don’t have any blind spots.
- have great visibility of the road ahead.
- are able to see above fog.
____ When driving behind a cyclist, you should
- increase your following distance.
- pass at the first opportunity.
- turn on your high beams.
____ If you approach a railroad crossing when a train is coming, you should
- stop at least 15 feet from the crossing.
- stop directly in front of the crossing signal.
- turn to cross the tracks if the gate is open.
Crossing a street without regard for traffic rules or signals is called ______.
Cyclist often squeeze between vehicles traveling in ______lanes.
Chapter 16 – Lesson 1 Determining Personal Need When Considering Buying a Vehicle.
How can you tell if you really need a vehicle?
How should passenger comfort and maintenance costs influence the kind of vehicle you buy?
Chapter 16 – Lesson 2 Factors That Are Involved in Selecting a Vehicle
Since most fatalities in head-on collisions occur when the driver hits the steering wheel, a good safety device to prevent this from happening is ______.
If you are evaluating a vehicle and discover that this particular make and model has a death rate of 4 per 10,000 registered vehicle, you should ______.
Examples of low-visibility colors are ______.
The death rate in the smallest vehicles is almost______as in the larger vehicles.
As vehicles increase in weight, their safety usually ______.
The number of times the drive shaft revolves to make the wheels turn once is called the
______.
A vehicle with 6 cylinders uses ______fuel than a vehicle with 4 cylinders.
How can information from the Insurance Institute for Highway safety help you evaluate a vehicles safety?
Describe how test-driving a vehicle can help you evaluate how comfortable it is.
How does the type of engine a vehicle has affect its fuel efficiency?
What should you check when you select a used vehicle?
Chapter 16 – Lesson 3 How to Obtain Financing for a New or Used Vehicle
Where would you go to get financing for a vehicle?
Lending agencies lend money to make money. Different sources of financing often charge different interest rates.
What is the amount of the loan based on?
Chapter 16 – Lesson 4 Choosing and Purchasing Insurance for a Vehicle
What is liability insurance?
What is comprehensive insurance?
What is Medical Payment Insurance?
What is collision insurance?
What is uninsured Motorist insurance?
What is no-fault insurance?
What is towing insurance?
Read each description below. Fill in the blank with the letters of any type or types of insurance you think will cover each accident. You may have to list more than one type of insurance.
LI = liability CM = Comprehensive MP = Medical Payment CL = Collision
______You see a red light ahead and begin to slow down. A driver behind you does not realize that you are stopping. The vehicle hits yours and damages a fender. The other driver admits to not having watched the road carefully.
______You are driving on a country road on a windy night. Suddenly you hear a loud noise and feel a jolt. You stop the vehicle and find that a large tree limb has fallen onto your roof, leaving a big dent.
______You are driving along a street in your town, you are worried that a carton of groceries on the back seat is about to slide onto the floor. Reaching back to steady it, you take your eye off the road for a moment. You hit a vehicle that is parked on the street. You have made a big dent in the other vehicle’s side. Your vehicle has a broken light and a collapsed fender. In addition, your left arm hurts, the jot of the accident has wrenched your left shoulder.
______You look for your vehicle one morning and discover that it is not where you left it. You are sure that you parked it right in front of your house. Someone has stolen your vehicle.
______Insurance pays for losses without determining who is to blame for an accident.
______Insurance covers damage to your vehicle by a tornado.
______Insurance covers victims of hit-and-run drivers.
______Insurance pays for damage that you have caused.
______Insurance will pay if your vehicle is damaged while parked on the road.
What factors determine the cost of insurance?
Who typically pays more for motor vehicle insurance? Men or Women?
Chapter 16 Review
____ A driver interested in fuel efficiency would
- buy a vehicle with 4 cylinders.
- buy a vehicle with 8 cylinders.
- buy a vehicle with 16 cylinders.
____ When buying a vehicle, most people
- pay with a credit card.
- pay cash.
- take out a loan.
____Before buying a vehicle, consider
- how clean it is.
- how many passengers you will have.
- whether it is a convertible
____ Expensive vehicles
- cost more to insure than inexpensive vehicles.
- cost less to insure than inexpensive vehicles
- use less fuel than inexpensive vehicles.
____ The death rate in the in the smallest vehicles is
- lower than that in the largest vehicles.
- the same as that in the largest vehicles.
- twice as high as that in the largest vehicles.
____ The Blue Book is a guide to
- vehicles dealerships in the United States.
- the average price paid to dealers for various used vehicles.
- different types of vehicle engines.
____ The purchase price of the vehicle is
- one of the many expenses associated with owning a vehicle.
- the only expense in owning a vehicle.
- generally lower than it was ten years ago.