Review of Atoms, Ions, Isotopes and electron configurations and math (chapter 4&5 Glencoe)

What is the difference between an Ion and an Atom?

Fill in the missing information for this table of atoms:

Element / Symbol / Mass / # protons / # neutrons / # electrons
Co
35
75 / 42
15

Fill in the electrons that are in each energy level for the following atoms

Elementsymbol1st shell2nd shell3rd shell4th shell

PotassiumK______

ArgonAr______

GermaniumGe______

Fill in the missing information for this table of Ions:

Element / Symbol / Mass / # protons / # neutrons / # electrons
N-3 / 7
20 / 18
Bromine anion / Br-1 / 36
23 / 12
Sulfur anion / 32 / 16 / 18

Fill in the electrons that are in each energy level for the following ions

Elemention symbol1st shell2nd shell3rd shell4th shell

Selenium______

Anion

______Ca+2______

Rubidium______

Cation

Practice:

Give the electron configuration for Fe:

What is the last orbital filled for Al:

How many unpaired electron in the ground state of sulfur?(draw the electron configuration with arrows (or use auf bau diagram)

Which orbital represents higher energy 7s or 4d?

Name that element: (and indicate if excited or in ground state)

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d8

1s2 2s1 2p4

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6

[Ar]4s2 3d2

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2

Which electron configuration listed above would also represent the ion Ca+2

What is the frequency of a yellow line of wavelength 550nm (550 x 10-9 m)?

What is the energy of a 101.2 FM radio wave? (= 101.2 x 106 Hz)

Which has greater energy a yellow light or a green light?

Element X has two known isotopes: X-316 = 84.50% and X-320 = 15.50%

What is it’s average atomic mass (like the M&M lab)
ANSWERS

What is the difference between an Ion and an Atom?

Atoms are neutral (just as many protons as electrons; Ions have a net charge and are called cations or anions

Fill in the missing information for this table of atoms:

Element / Symbol / Mass / # protons / # neutrons / # electrons
cobalt / Co / 59 / 27 / 32 / 27
Bromine / Br / 80 / 35 / 45 / 35
Arsenic / As / 75 / 33 / 42 / 33
Phosphorus / P / 31
30 / 15 / 16
15 / 16

Fill in the electrons that are in each energy level for the following atoms

Elementsymbol1st shell2nd shell3rd shell4th shell

PotassiumK___2______8______8______1___

ArgonAr__2______8______8______

GermaniumGe___2______8______18______4___

Fill in the missing information for this table of Ions:

Element / Symbol / Mass / # protons / # neutrons / # electrons
Nitrogen anion / N-3 / 14 / 7 / 7 / 10
Calcium cation / Ca+2 / 40 / 20 / 20 / 18
Bromine
anion / Br-1 / 80 / 35 / 45 / 36
Sodium cation / Na+1 / 23 / 11 / 12
Sulfur anion / S-2 / 32 / 16 / 16 / 18

Fill in the electrons that are in each energy level for the following ions

Elemention symbol1st shell2nd shell3rd shell4th shell

Selenium___Se-2______2_____8______18______8___

_Calcium___Ca+2_____2_____8______8_____0____

Cation

Rubidium___Rb+1______2______8_____18______8____

Practice:

Give the electron configuration for Fe: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d6

What is the last orbital filled for Al: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1

Last electron goes into 3p (but last COMPLETELY filled is the 3s)

How many unpaired electron in the ground state of sulfur

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4 ; the 3p orbital looks like up down up up as arrows so… 2 unpaired

Which orbital represents higher energy 7s or 4d ? 7s

Name that element: (and indicate if excited or in ground state)

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d8ground state Nickel

1s2 2s1 2p4excited nitrogen

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6ground state argon

[Ar]4s2 3d2ground state Titanium

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2ground state Magnesium

Which electron configuration listed above would also represent the ion Ca+2

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6ground state argon

What is the frequency of a yellow line of wavelength 550nm

F = c/ ; f= 3.0 x 108 / 550 x 10-9 = 5.45 x 1014 Hz

What is the energy of a 101.2 FM radio wave?

(E = h f ; h = 6.6 x 10-34 J s)

E = 6.6 x 10-34 J s x 101.2 x 106 s-1 = 6.8 x 10-26 J

Which has greater energy a yellow light or a green light?

Green light it has a shorter wavelength and higher frequency so more energy

Element X has two know isotopes: X-316 = 84.50% and X-320 = 15.50%

What is it’s average atomic mass (like the M&M lab)

84.5 % of 316 + 15.5 % of 320 = 267.02 + 49.60 = 316.62