RESPIRATORY/CNS PHARMACOLOGY DRUG LIST © 2010 Mark Tuttle
- Non-selective CNS depressants
o Barbiturates
§ Thiopental
§ Pentobarbital
§ Secobarbital
§ Barbital
§ Phenobarbital
o Others
§ Propofol
§ Etomidate
§ Ketamine
§ Non-barbiturate sedative hypnotics
- Local Anesthetics
o Esters
§ Cocaine
§ Procaine
§ Benzocaine
§ Tetracaine
o Amides
§ Lidocaine
§ Bupivacaine
§ Prilocaine
§ Ropivacaine
§ Mepivicaine
o Toxins
§ Saxitoxin (puffer fish)
§ Tetrodotoxin
- General Anesthetics
o Inhalational
§ Halothane
§ Isoflurane
§ Enflurane
§ Sevoflurane
§ Desflurane
§ N2O
§ (Methoxyflurane)
§ (Ether, Chloroform)
o Intravenous
§ Barbiturates
§ Propofol
§ Etomidate
§ Not non-selective CNS depressants
· Opioids
· Benzodiazepine
· Ketamine
- Benzodiazepines
o True Benzodiazepines
§ Diazepam (Valium)
§ Flumazenil
§ Methly-β-carboline
§ Anxiolytics
· Lorazepam
· Alprazolam
§ Hypnotics
· Flurazepam
· Triazolam
· Temazepam
· Zolpidem
· Zelepon
§ Anticonvulsant
· Diazepam
· Lorazepam
· Clonazepam
§ Muscle Relaxant
· Diazepam
· Midazolam
o Non-benzodiazepine hypnotics
§ Zolpidem (Ambien)
§ Ramelton
o Non-benzodiazepine anxiolytics
§ Buspirone
- Parkinson’s Drugs
o Dopamine
o Levadopa
o Carbidopa
o Segeline
o Bromocriptine
o Paramipexole
o Amantadine
o Benztropine
o (Trihexyphenidyl)
o (Procyclidine)
o (Biperiden)
- CNS Stimulants
o Methylxanthines
§ Caffeine
§ Theobromine
§ Theophylline
o Sympathetomimmetics
§ Amphetamines
· Dextroamphetamine
· Methylphneidate
· (Phentermine & sibutramine)
· Cocaine
- Anti-psychotics
o Typical (First-generation): D2 Block
§ Phenothiazines
· Aliphatic: Chloropromazine
· Piperidine: Thioridazine
· Piperazine: Fluphenazine
§ Thioxanthines
· Thiothixine
§ Butyrophenones
· Haloperidol
o Atypical (Second-generation): 5HT2 >D2 block
§ Indoles
· Clozapine
· Risperidol
· Olanzepine
· Quetiapine
· Ziprazidone
· Zotepine
· Aripiprazole
· Amisulpride
- Opioids
o Morphine
o Etrophine
o Heroin
o Codeine
o Dextromethorphan
o Meperidine
o Fentanyl
o Methadone
o Propoxyphene
o Endogenous opiopeptins
§ Met-enkephalin
§ β-endorphin
o Low PC, don’t cross BBB
§ Diphenoxylate
§ Loperamide
o Opioid Antagonists
§ Naloxone
§ Naltrexone
§ (Nalmefene)
o Partial-mixed agonists/antagonists
§ (Nalorphine)
§ Pentazocine
§ Nalbuphine
§ Botorphanol
§ Buprenorphine
- Antidepressants/Anti-Manics
o Tricyclic (1st Generation)
§ Imipramine
§ Amitriptyline
§ Nortriptyline
§ Desipramine
§ Clomipramine
o Atypical (2nd Generation)
§ Bupropion
§ Amoxapine
o Serotonin-selective Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
§ Fluoxetine
§ Sertaline
§ Peroxetine
§ Excitalopram
o Mood Stabilizors
§ Lithium
§ Valproic acid
- Anti-epileptics
o Na+ channel antiepileptics
§ Phenytoin
§ Fosphenytoin
§ Carbamazepine
§ Oxcarbazepine
§ Valproic Acid
§ Lamotrigine
§ Topiramate
§ Zonisamide
o Enhance GABA
§ Benzodiazepines
· Clonazepam
· Diazepam/Lorazepam
§ Barbiturates
· Phenobarbital
o T-type Ca2+ channel
§ Ethosuximide
o Inhibit excitatory NT release
§ Gabapentin (α2δ)
§ Pregabalin (α2δ)
§ Levatiracetam (SV2A)
- Drugs of abuse
o Opioids
o Sedative-hypnotics
o Ethanol
o Benzodiazepines
o Volatile intoxicants
o Amphetamine type stimulants
o Cocaine
o Caffeine
o Hallucinogens, phencyclidine, marijuana
o Nicotine
- Respiratory
o β-agonists
§ Epinephrine
§ Terbutaline
§ Albuterol
§ Salmeterol
o Anticholinergics
§ Ipratropium bromide
o Glucocorticoids
§ Prednisone
§ Prednisolone
§ Methylprednisolone
§ Triamcinolone
§ Triamcinolone acetonide
§ Beclomethasone
§ Fluticasone
o Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists
§ Zafirlukast
§ Montelukast
o 5-LO inhibitors
§ Zileuton
o Methylxanthines
§ Theophylline
o Mast Cell Stabilizers
§ Cromolyn sodium
o Prostaglandins
§ Epoprostenol
o Endothelin antagonists
§ Bosentan
o Opioid Agonists
§ Codeine
§ Dextromethorphan
o Expectorants
§ Guaifenesin