MAIN FINDINGS

The important findings of the survey conducted at Nagpur centre are given below:

SCOPE OF SURVEY

1.  The survey covered workers engaged in four organized sectors of employment viz Registered Factories, Electricity Generating and Distributing Establishments, Public Motor Transport Undertakings and Railways.

2.  The total number of working class families covered during the survey was 648.

ECONOMIC BACKGROUND OF THE CENTRE

3.  The estimated total number of working class families as defined for the purpose of the survey was about 41.50 thousand.

4.  The estimated total number of employees in these families was about 51 thousand.

5.  The average monthly income per employee from paid employment worked out to Rs. 3795.26 at current prices and Rs. 847.16 at constant prices of 1982.

6.  Spinning, weaving and finishing of textiles industry dominated in terms of employment.

7.  About 87 per cent were employed on a regular basis, 11.74 per cent were on casual basis and the remaining 1.48 per cent on contractual basis.

FAMILY CHARACTERISTICS

8.  The average size of a working class family worked out to be 4.76 persons of which 1.12 were earners, 0.23 earning dependants and 3.41 non-earning dependants, consisting of 1.70 men, 1.58 women and 1.48 children.

9.  The modal family size was with four and five members.

10.  The estimated total number of family members was 1.97 lakh, of which, 52.45 per cent were males. Of the total family members, 44.47 per cent were married, 4.03 per cent were widowed, divorced or separated and the remaining 51.50 per cent were unmarried which included 31.82 per cent family members in the age group of below 15 year.

11.  The dependency ratio was 535/1000.

12.  About 12 percent of the family members (5 years of age and above) were illiterate and about 2 per cent were graduate and above.

13.  About 28 per cent of the family members (5 years of age and above) were employees and about 57 per cent were not in labour force.

14.  Of all the families, 90.56 per cent of the families had one earner, 7.49 per cent had two earners while the remaining 1.95 per cent had three or more earners.

FAMILY INCOME AND RECEIPTS

15.  The average monthly income per family and the per capita income worked out to be Rs. 5446.96 and Rs. 1145.30, respectively. The average monthly income per family and the per capita income at constant prices of 1982 worked out to be Rs. 1215.84 and Rs. 255.65, and at constant prices of 1960, Rs. 243.66 and Rs. 51.23, respectively. The average monthly income per family and the per capita income were Rs 793.23 and Rs. 140.85, respectively in 1981-82 survey and the corresponding figures at constant prices of 1960 worked out to be Rs. 172.44 and Rs. 30.62, respectively. The average monthly income per family was Rs. 105.91 in 1958-59 survey.

16.  As much as 85.68 per cent of the total average monthly income came from paid employment.

17.  Within the paid employment, basic wages and allowances contributed about 91 per cent of the total income.

FAMILY EXPENDITURE AND DISBURSEMENTS

18.  The average expenditure per family worked out to be Rs. 4137.47. The average expenditure per family at constant prices of 1982 and 1960 worked out to be Rs. 923.54 and Rs. 185.08, respectively. The average expenditure per family was Rs 819.13 and Rs. 139.31 in 1981-82 survey and in 1958-59 survey respectively. Out of total expenditure, Rs. 3823.74 was on consumption expenditure and Rs. 313.73 was on non-consumption expenditure.

19.  Within consumption expenditure, the share of food items was 44.22 per cent.

20.  As much as 88 per cent of the families had spent less than 45 percent of their total expenditure on food.

21.  There was marginal decline in the percentage of families reporting expenditure on tobacco & tobacco products and a marginal rise on pan, supari and alcoholic beverages as compared to 1981-82 survey.

22.  The percentage of families reporting expenditure on medical care, personal care, education & reading and transport & communication during 1999-2000 increased substantially as compared to 1981-82 survey with the maximum jump on education and reading.

FOOD CONSUMPTION

23.  The average monthly quantity of Cereals and Cereal Products consumed per family worked out to be 49.60 Kgs, of which major share was accounted for by wheat (26.43 Kgs) and rice (20.64 Kgs). The per capita consumption of Cereals and Cereal Products was 10.42 Kgs.

24.  The average monthly consumption of milk per family has increased substantially to 12.27 litres from 8.72 litres in 1981-82 survey.

BUDGETARY POSITION

25.  About 81 per cent of families recorded an average surplus income of Rs. 1309.49 over per family expenditure.

INDEBTNESS

26.  The average amount of outstanding debt per indebted family worked out to be Rs. 17037.31.

27.  The incidence of indebtedness worked out to be 48.53 per cent during 1999-2000 as compared to 74.60 per cent in 1981-82 survey.

28.  Despite high rates of interest charged, the Co-operative credit societies was one of the main source of loans and the proportion of families availing loans from them rose upto 59.29 per cent as compared to 44.01 per cent in 1981-82 survey.

HOUSING

29.  Of all the families, 79.04 per cent had made their own arrangements for accommodation, 15.82 per cent were provided dwellings by the employers and the remaining 5.14 per cent were residing in the dwellings provided by friends and relatives etc.

30.  About 21 per cent of the families were residing in chawl-bustees; 16.26 per cent were using flats as their residence and 61.52 per cent had independent houses.

31.  The percentage of families enjoying basic amenities like kitchen, bathroom, latrine and electricity was 56.35 per cent, 87.30 per cent, 86.51 per cent and 96.83 per cent respectively.

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