Introductions:
Attention Material:
Scene set:
--Description of a setting using vivid imagery
--War
--Pollution
--Romance
Tell a Story:
--A narrative account that leads into or exemplifies your topic
--Real
--Hypothetical
Real
Shocking/Startling fact (Make a Provocative Statement)
--Shock or surprise the audience with a statement or fact they don’t expect.
--Turn a statistic into a startling fact
--“25% “1/4of Americans will get cancer” becomes “Of the 30 of you in the class right now, seven of you will be stricken with cancer.”
Ask a question
--Rhetorical
--You don’t neither want nor expect a response
--USE CAREFULLY; BEWARE OF IDIOTS
--Overt Response
--You DO want a response
--Raised hands are better than vocal responses
--USE CAREFULLY AND RARELY; BEWARE OF IDIOTS
--General guidelines:
--Don’t drag out guessing game too long
--Avoid embarrassing or personal questions
--Don’t ask loaded questions (How many of you are smart enough to realize….)
--Be prepared for them not to give the answer you want
--Best to ask for a show of hands so they KNOW how you want them to respond
--Ask for the show of hands first, then ask the question
Quotation
--Use powerful words (preferably of an expert) to interest your audience
--Must be on topic!
--Keep it short enough to keep our interest but long enough to cover the subject
--Introduce the speaker first, THEN give the quote
--If it’s too short or complicated, feel free to repeat it and really draw the attention of the audience to the quote
Arouse curiosity
--Make a statement that makes the reader want to hear more
--You’re addicted to a drug (Television, video games, internet….)
Give an incentive to listen
--Answer WIIFM (What’s in it For Me?)
--relate your relate the topic to their lives and interests
Orienting the audience:
Preview the body of the speech:
- State the central idea
- State the main points
Give background information
--Define any unfamiliar terms for your audience
Establish Credibility
--Tell how and why you’re an expert
--Provide names and credentials of the experts you used
Guidelines:
Don’t prepare the introduction before the body of the speech (Attention material is prepared last; orienting material is prepared first)
Simple & easy to follow; not too brief
Obvious, direct tie-in with body of speech
NEVER APOLOGIZE