Cultural Conformity and Adaptation

CHAPTER 3 Review Worksheet

MATCH Match each item in the left column with its description in the right column.

Write the letter of the correct description in the space provided.

______1. self-fulfillment

______2. norms

______3. narcissism

______4. positive sanction

______5. personal achievement

______6. freedom

______7. sanction

______8. formal sanction

______9. efficiency and practicality

______10. equality and democracy

______11. negative sanction

______12. self-control

______13. progress and material

comfort

______14. internalization

______15. education

MULTIPLE CHOICE In each blank, write the letter of the choice that best completes the

statement or answers the question.

______16. A system of beliefs or ideas that justifies the social, moral, religious, political,

or economic interests held by a group or by society is called

a. diffusion.

b. cultural lag.

c. ideology.

d. social movement.

a. American value that goes handin-

hand with the belief in the ability

of science to make the world a better

place

b. reward or punishment used to

enforce conformity to norms

c. American belief that citizens have the

right to participate freely in choosing

their representatives in government

d. American value reflected in the belief

that every problem has a solution

e. a parent’s praise of a child for good

behavior, for example

f. American value suggested by sociologist

James M. Henslin

g. process by which a norm becomes a

part of an individual’s personality

h. American value that includes a belief

in personal choice and little direct

government interference in daily life

i. American value that includes leisure,

physical fitness, and youthfulness

j. enforced by internalization and

sanctions

k. American value often measured in

terms of power and wealth

l. principal means of social control in

all societies, which is learned through

internalization of norms

m. extreme self-centeredness

n. reward or punishment given by an

organization or regulatory agency,

such as schools, businesses, or

government

o. frowns, ridicule, or imprisonment, for

example

______17. Ideologies are often spread through

a. social movements.

b. values.

c. beliefs.

d. technology.

______18. The Voting Rights Act of 1965 is an example of social change brought

about by

a. new technology.

b. the civil rights movement.

c. a population shift.

d. wars and conquests.

______19. Changes in population can result in any of the following EXCEPT

a. need for specialized services.

b. increased demand for resources.

c. increases or decreases in the economy.

d. cultural lag.

______20. Today, mass transportation and instant communication through radio,

television, telephone, and the Internet result in constant

a. resistance to change.

b. cultural lag.

c. diffusion.

d. ethnocentrism.

______21. People may resist cultural change for any of the following reasons EXCEPT

a. ethnocentrism.

b. reformulation.

c. cultural lag.

d. vested interests.

______22. The “Buy American” campaign was an example of

a. ethnocentrism.

b. cultural lag.

c. diffusion.

d. reformulation.