ICP
CHP. 16 - Homework Part 1
pg. 378-381 - Vocab. # 1-4, 6-8, 10. Concepts # 3, 6, 8, 11, 16. Problems # 1-3, 7-9.
(Worth 30 points)
Vocab.
1. chemical formula
2. covalent bond
3. chemical bond
4. ionic bond
6. ion
7. valence electrons
8. oxidation number
10. polyatomic ion
Concepts
3. covalent bond because the electrons are shared (*good indicator that H2O is covalent because it is a compound between 2 nonmetals)
6. Subscripts in chemical formulas represent the ratio of elements in a compound. The 2 in the chemical formula indicates there are 2 carbon atoms in every ethane compound. The 6 in the chemical formula indicates there are 6 hydrogen atoms in every ethane compound.
8. In a covalent compound, the electrons are shared amongst the whole compound. This compound is usually formed between nonmetals. In an ionic compound, the electrons are transferred from one atom to another, usually between a metal and nonmetal.
11. The valence electrons of the element
16. a. +2
b. +3
c. -1
Problems
1. a. Glucose (*pg. 371 - paragraph 2) ***you are not required to be able to name this compound. There are 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms, and 6 oxygen atoms.
b. calcium carbonate - 1 calcium, 1 carbon, and 3 oxygen atoms.
c. aluminum oxide - 2 aluminum and 3 oxygen atoms.
d. boron hydroxide - 1 boron, 3 oxygen, and 3 hydrogen atoms.
2. a. Bismuth has 5 valence electrons (dots) surrounding the element symbol Bi
b. Germanium has 4 valence electrons surrounding the symbol Ge
c. Neon has 8 valence electrons surrounding the symbol Ne
d. I-Sr-I with the dashed lines representing the ionic bond between Sr and each of the I atoms. Each iodine elemental symbol should also have 6 dots surrounding them. Iodine has 7 valence electrons and strontium has 2 valence electrons. Strontium gives its 2 electrons (1 each to each iodine atom). This transfer of electrons makes the two ionic bonds (represented by the dash lines). Each dashed line in a Lewis Dot Structure represents 2 electrons. One of the valence electrons of iodine is represented in the bond dash line. The other six valence electrons of iodine should be represented around each of the iodine elemental symbols.
3. CO2
7. a. Ca: +2
Cl: -1
b. CaCl2
8. a. NaI
b. Al(OH)3
c. MgS
d. NH4NO3
9. a. potassium iodide
b. strontium chloride
c. potassium nitrate
d. aluminum oxide